Showing posts with label model. Show all posts
Showing posts with label model. Show all posts

Friday, April 17, 2026

Newtonian and Einstein models are still useful tools.



The Einstein and Newtonian gravitational principles are still “hard stuff”. And today, we can say that all gravitational models are suitable. If they are used with a certain scale. The Newtonian models are suitable for calculating interactions between large-scale objects, like planets. The quantum gravitational models are suitable for calculating the interactions of the smallest particles in the universe. 

The fact is that. Those models are hard to connect. So, we can say that the Newtonian gravity, the Theory of Relativity, and quantum mechanical models would make the GUT (Grand Unified Theory) and the TOE (Theory of Everything) possible. The problem is that. We don’t know. If it's the gravity. Only one force. Or is it a collection of many forces? When we think about the structure of the planets, there are multi-trillion atoms. Each atom has an electron shell. And core with protons and neutrons. Those protons and neutrons involve quarks. So why can't we connect quantum gravitation with the Newtonian model? 

The reason for that is simple. We don’t know every part of complex material structures. The quarks and electrons are the only elementary particles on the planet. But then. We must realize that the bonds that connect quarks into protons and neutrons. And bonds between protons and neutrons can also act as part of the gravity effect. Those bonds between those baryons are like quantum tornadoes. Those quantum tornadoes bind energy into them. Another thing that we forget is the centrifugal force. That force pushes objects out of the surface of the spinning objects. But there is more about that thing at the end of the text. 

The fact is that we should find out. The existence of a graviton. There is a model of the graviton. It is that graviton, it's the quantum-sized black hole. The elementary particles are quantum fields around those gravitons. So, the matter is the halo around those quantum-scale back holes. And maybe those quantum-sized black holes can form the bonds between quarks. Those bonds are the quantum tornadoes between elementary particles. This means that those bonds are. A little bit like the mythical wormholes. Channels through space and time. 

The wormhole was introduced by Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen. The theoretical wormhole is the channel, or a tornado, across space and time. The wormhole can form between superpositioned and enangled black holes. But. The structure would be similar to the bonds that connect. Those quarks together into protons and neutrons, or bonds that form between baryons. And then, similar, but larger quantum tornadoes form chemical bonds. So, the wormhole would be the long-distance bond between two black holes. 



“A wormhole visualized as a two-dimensional surface. Route (a) is the shortest path through normal space between points 1 and 2; route (b) is a shorter path through a wormhole.” (Wikipedia, Wormhole)


“In particle physics, the electroweak interaction or electroweak force is the unified description of two of the fundamental interactions of nature: electromagnetism (electromagnetic interaction) and the weak interaction. Although these two forces appear very different at everyday low energies. The theory.  Models them as two different aspects of the same force. Above the unification energy, on the order of 246 GeV, they would merge into a single force. Thus, if the temperature is high enough – approximately 1015 K – then the electromagnetic force and weak force merge into a combined electroweak force.” (Wikipedia, Electroweak interaction)


So could all fundamental interactions be the same force? That affects only in different-sized areas. 


From electroweak to strong interaction that interacts with electroweak through the Z boson. The reaction goes like this. Gluon>Z boson>W boson> and gravity. But then we miss the graviton. That existence is not proven.  

And maybe the same structures can form those bonds between protons and neutrons. In models, the bonds between protons and neutrons form when some structure (like a free quark, or some kind of black hole) forms the quantum low-pressure between neutrons and protons. This thing forms the W and Z bosons that orbit that structure between protons and neutrons. And that forms the quantum low-pressure that keeps those particles in the one structure. 

The W boson. It can transmit energy between electromagnetism and weak nuclear interaction. So, could the Z-boson have an ability to transmit energy between the W boson and gluons, which transport strong nuclear interaction? The reason for. Why. Electromagnetic interaction. Seems stronger than strong interaction is this. The effective area of electromagnetic interaction is larger. The strong interaction forms a wave movement that affects very small structures. This means that the radiation that affects a small area can tunnel through even an elementary particle. 

Is it possible? That's when we try to create TOE and GUT theories? We simply forget that things like bonds between particles also bind energy. That means those bonds have an effect on the gravity. The idea is that the gravitation forms when some structure binds energy or quantum fields. Quantum field. It is a common name for gravitational, electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear interactions. 

Another thing that we sometimes forget is that electrons orbit the atom’s core. During that process, the electrons sometimes send a photon. That forms a lower energy point on the electron. In that case, the quantum field tries to fill that point. And in models, the gravitation. Forms when some structure binds some quantum field. The outcome field tries to fill that point. And particles ride with those fields. 

So when those superstrings or quantum tornadoes pull quarks together, that thing can cause a situation where those things pull energy from around them. The bond, or string. That pulls quarks and hadrons together. When those strings spin, they act like tornadoes. They form the electromagnetic (”quantum”) low-pressure inside them. The tornado aims energy at the quantum field that surrounds quarks. And forms protons and neutrons. The “low-pressure” in those tornadoes pulls those particles together. 

So. That means that part of gravitation should form in those strings. In the same way. Larger-scale molecular structures. Pull energy into them. And that is the thing that forms the gravitational effect. The idea in those models is that. Something binds energy. And because that forms the lower energy area. Outcoming energy “tries” to fill that point. The term quantum field is the common name for all four fundamental interactions: gravity and electromagnetism. And weak and strong nuclear forces. 

Then we must realize that things. Like centrifugal force. Has some kind of effect on gravity. The fact is that it's possible that centrifugal force has a quantum twin. The quantum version of this force could form because the whisk-shape structure that forms the shell of the particle forms quantum-low-pressure around the fast-spinning particle. Those small (Quantum) voids pull photons out from the particle. That thing pushes things out of the particles. The particle forms a quantum tornado in its axle. That tornado pulls energy to that particle. And the particle’s structure transports that energy into its equator. 


https://interestingengineering.com/space/gravity-dark-matter-act-cosmic-study


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal_force


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroweak_interaction


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluon


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Unified_Theory


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_law_of_universal_gravitation


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_everything


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_and_Z_bosons


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole

Thursday, August 24, 2023

Fundamental AI and the fundamental plasma-ion engine

  Fundamental AI and the fundamental plasma-ion engine


Vlasiator is a fundamental AI-based system that simulates particle flow.


The University of Helsinki's Vlasiator computer program noticed interesting things in the plasma pulses in the Earth's magnetosphere. That thing is that the Earth's poles form plasma pulses in a very interesting way. The N and S poles drive plasma ions and anions through different routes.

And then those anions and ions impact together. That thing forms a thing called a plasma pulse. The Vlasiator is an artificial intelligence-based program that can also be used for making flow models. And one of the most interesting things is the ion engine that uses solar plasma to make thrust. This is one version of the Bussard Ramjet. 

The hypothetical interstellar fusion engine pulls plasma into the accelerator by using magnetic fields. And then the laser system ignites the fusion reaction. Same way in a high-voltage pulsed plasma system nuclear fusion makes plasma and thrust. 

There is no fusion ignition in low voltage plasma pulse engine (or pulsed plasma system). The impacting plasma causes reflections and increases pressure in that reaction chamber. And that is the thing, that thrusts the system. 



"Plasma eruptions in near-Earth space. The University of Helsinki’s Vlasiator model demonstrated that both magnetic reconnection and kinetic instabilities are responsible for plasma eruptions in near-Earth space, providing vital insights for space research and technology. Credit: Jani Närhi" (ScitechDaily.com/Plasma eruptions in near-Earth space. The University of Helsinki’s Vlasiator model demonstrated that both magnetic reconnection and kinetic instabilities are responsible for plasma eruptions in near-Earth space, providing vital insights for space research and technology. Credit: Jani Närhi)

But that image could also introduce the model of the plasma pulse engine system. The plasma pulse system drives anions and ions by using different routes. And then those ions and anions impact together. 


"Artist's conception of a Bussard ramjet. A major component of an actual ramjet – a miles-wide electromagnetic field – is invisible." (Wikipedia.com/Bussard ramjet)


The pulsed plasma engines are one version of the Bussard's ramjet. The pulsed plasma engines can use any gas ions and anions. The system just creates plasma and drives anions and ions through different routes to the chamber, where they hit each other. That thing forms plasma pulses like Earth's magnetic field. Theoretically, a pulsed plasma engine allows a craft that uses it to operate outside and inside the atmosphere.

Image 1 above introduces plasma pulses. And how they form. Those plasma pulses are making an interesting model of the new way to use solar power in ion engines. The idea is that the new ion engine, or plasma-pulse ion engine, uses two routes, which are positive and negative-loaded. 

Those plasma routes drive solar plasma to the chamber, where they impact together. That thing can form the plasma pulse that can drive spacecraft in the solar system. The system that pulls plasma into the tubes that drive it into the reaction chamber must not use very high-power magnetic fields.

https://scitechdaily.com/vlasiator-unveils-solutions-to-a-central-mystery-in-space-physics/?expand_article=1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bussard_ramjet


https://technologyandfuture4.wordpress.com/2023/08/24/154/


Saturday, August 19, 2023

The model of antigravitation is simple.

The model of antigravitation is simple. 


The model of antigravitation. 


All objects are gravitational centers. Gravitation is an interaction where both participants are sending gravitational strings. If a thing like a standing gravitational wave or another energy field that is dense enough can cause that gravitational wave reflects the direction where it comes. In that case, the gravitational interaction between objects is gone. That thing makes the object hover. 

If a gravitational string suddenly cuts the quantum field around the particle acts like a pulsed plasma engine. When the string is gone the quantum fields are impacted at that point. That causes the situation where that flash pushes the particle in the opposite direction. 



Artist's impression of antigravity

The thing that can break the gravitational string could be the strong standing gravitational wave that reflects gravitational waves in opposite directions. The reflecting gravitational waves form a situation where those quantum stretches or WIMPs form backward of the particle. And those stretches or waves push particles away from the gravitational center. 

The other model is that if one of the gravitational strings jumps to a higher energy level than other gravitational wave strings. That causes a situation that this gravitational string that is a higher energy level pushes other gravitational strings away from its sides. That pushes gravitation out from that point. 

Or if the standing gravitational wave forms between the hovering object and the ground it can deny forming of the string. That standing gravitational wave separates gravitational sources from each other and reflects gravitational waves to the direction where they came. 

The model is that all objects are gravitational centers. And gravitation is an interaction where both participants are sending gravitational strings. If those strings are cut and gravitation reflects, that thing causes real antigravitation. 


Gravitational waves' wavelength is so short that nothing can come between them. 


The wavelength of gravitational waves is so short that nothing fits between them. That causes a situation where the vacuum pulls the material to the gravitational center. The gravitational wave pulls energy out from particles at the gravitational center's side. That causes interaction where energy starts to travel to the lower energy areas it always does. And that energy pushes particles with it. 

In that model, gravitation is like a string that pulls particles into it. That string forms when a hypothetical graviton particle travels out from the gravitational center. Then the vacuum in that string pulls graviton back and that can form a stretch called WIMP. 

There is a possibility that the gravitation can interact only through WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) that are like stretches in the quantum field. That means WIMP acts like a hook, that pulls an object to the gravitational center. The WIMP could be the energy that pushes particles back to the gravitational center. 


Sunday, November 7, 2021

An example of the creature. That is at the same time living and dead.



Schrödinger's cat: a cat, a flask of poison, and a radioactive source are placed in a sealed box. If an internal monitor (e.g. Geiger counter) detects radioactivity (i.e. a single atom decaying), the flask is shattered, releasing the poison, which kills the cat. The Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics implies that after a while, the cat is simultaneously alive and dead. Yet, when one looks in the box, one sees the cat either alive or dead, not both alive and dead. This poses the question of when exactly quantum superposition ends and reality resolves into one possibility or the other. (Wikipedia/Schrödinger's cat)


(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%B6dinger%27s_cat)


This is philosophical thinking about topics: Could Schrödinger's cat exist somewhere else than just in the quantum world?

The Schrödingers cat is an example of the superposition. The case where the cat is living can transfer to qubit to the case where qubit transmits data. And the cat is dead when the data is gone. There have been made many examples of cases where people can create physical conditions of the Schrödinger's cat. In those examples, the cat is closed in the cube and if somebody touches it the cat would die. Same way qubit loses its data if somebody touches it. 

But can living creatures get the Schrödinger-position? One of those creatures that can be same time dead and alive is a vampire. If the vampire is getting radiation it would burn to ash. So we can say that the vampire of the stories is the so-called Schrödinger-creature. And that means the vampire of the stories is between dead and alive. 

So the Scrödinger creature is the creature that is between death and living. The idea for Scrödinger's creature is taken from the vampire stories.  But one of the most interesting examples about the Schrödinger-creature is the hypothetical scientist who wants to live forever. The next writing is the hypothetical creature that is like Schrödingers cat. 

For making that thing our mad scientist would destroy mitochondria and the DNA from the cells. And then the needed brain chemicals would be injected into the body of that scientist. 

Then our hypothetical person would go in the chamber where is physically and chemically stable conditions. And then that creature would get the energy for the nervous system from outside. So if that imaginational person would make that thing the lifetime would increase because cells don't need nutrients for energy production because that thing would come outside from the body.

The thing is that this kind of creature would not ever walk anywhere because that thing cannot lose a single cell. The renewing of the cells is not possible. And without genetic material and mitochondria that organism would be connected to the room forever. And one single bacteria can be devastating. Because that creature has no immune system even the one bacteria can destroy the entire body. 

So that creature would be the Schrödinger-creature. The creature would be dead to other people. That creature would be in the example of the creature that is living in the chamber unable to go out. Maybe that creature would have robots to operate for it. But otherwise, that kind of creature would live in the chamber, and we cannot be sure if that thing is dead or alive. 

Tuesday, February 27, 2018

How can the mobile telephone be used as 3D-modelling?


(Picture 1)


https://www.instagram.com/p/BfbSDw5FIdC/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

How can the mobile telephone be used as 3D-modelling? The answer to that question is simple. This thing uses the same device, what would focus lens of its camera. It also connects the data from the camera of that telephone. So this makes those mobile telephones very sophisticated tools for modeling. The problem of those scanners is that the mobile telephone must be absolutely stable, or the modeling would be failed.


But this can be solved by using selfie-stick, what is installed on the table or stable platform, and if the hands of the stable enough, the scanning can make by keeping the device in hand. But the fixing of this problem could be found from GPS. If this system would be sharp enough, the telephone could fix the errors, what shaking hands causes. In this solution, the GPS would map the place where the telephone is in the sharpness of only small part of the millimeter, and the computer would calculate the errors of the metering.


The system would take the original point, when scanning is beginning, and then it would fix the error what the shaking of hands might cause. This would be done by adding or subtracting the location in the real world of the phone, from the values of the pure ring. This would make the scanning more easier. This little program can revolutionize the CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) -technology.  Now any firm can buy this kind of equipment and use it as making 3D-models for CAD programs and 3D printers.


In this system, the computer in the mobile telephone transmits the distance between the target and telephone by using sonar. Sonar is almost as effective scanning tool as a laser, but the sound travels in the air much slower than air.


The optics of the mobile telephone would focus using Sonar and the situation where the user notices it is when this person wants to take a picture what portraits horizon. In this case, the system of the camera cannot get an echo from the surface, and the optics of camera cannot focus the image.


I have read some articles that same radars what are used in traffic light as traffic calculation sensors could be mounted to RPV-helicopters. Those helicopters can be used to make 3D-models of entire building areas. They use oblique scanning, what is connected to GPS and computing platforms to make 3D models of buildings. The computers would make 3D pictures by those pictures, what this device sends to computers.

Sources:

Picture 1


http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/how-can-mobile-telephone-be-used-as-3d.html

Gravitational lensing can uncover dark matter.

“Artist’s impression illustrating how wave-like density patterns produced by ultralight dark matter could warp space and alter the path of l...