Miracles of the quantum world. : atmosphere

Showing posts with label atmosphere. Show all posts

Sunday, December 5, 2021

Laser communication is a multipurpose tool.

Illustration of the U.S. Department of Defense’s Space Test Program Satellite-6 (STPSat-6) with the Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) payload communicating data over infrared links. Credit: NASA

Lasers are multipurpose tools.

Lasers can deliver energy to small-size drones. But the thing is that laser communication is making those systems more powerful than ever before. The same lasers that power can adjust can use as measurements, data transmission, and weapons. They can also use to point targets for the smart weapons or scan the target.

The laser communication tools are offering secure and fast data communication. The system can offer the best protection against eavesdropping than ever before. Quantum communication by using lasers is easy to make.

In quantum communication data flow is cut into pieces. That is sent by using different frequencies at the same time. And then that data is connected to its entirety in the target position.

The highly encoding systems can also send the data in a different order than they are used. And the target system would sort them to order what makes that data useful. But the laser communication tools can also use to measure things like gravitational waves. The laser rays would keep all the time contact with the opponent.

And changes of the brightness are sending data. When we are thinking about the thing that laser rays are transmitting binary data that thing is easy to make. The laser can shut off for zero. But in AI-based systems, level zero can determine a certain level of brightness of the laser ray. So the system can determine that let's say about 1500 candela is the zero level. And all levels that are above it are one in binary number-based communication.

For quantum protocol, the system must only determine the other levels. What separates the certain states of the qubit. The thing that makes this system difficult to make is that the air is absorbing light.

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If the laser system can calculate the absorption of the air. That makes long-distance qubit-based communication possible.

The system requires two laser rays. The first one sends the transmission power and the points of state of the qubit to the receiver. Then the receiver measures how much the atmosphere absorbs the radiation.

And it can use that data to download the data. That stored in the qubit. The second laser ray is the data transmitter, where a certain brightness or energy level means a certain level of the qubit. The receiving system must know those energy levels that it can start to download the data from the qubit at the right point.

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The knowledge of absorption is necessary for making long-distance qubit-based communication.

So the system must know exactly how much light energy or brightness is transferred to the air molecules. And without that data. The system cannot release the data that is stored in certain states of the qubit.

There is the possibility to make a laser-based communication system that can send qubits in long distances. The system uses two laser rays. The other is sending the data of the transmitting power. And the points of the power, that separates the states. Then the receiving system can calculate the absorption. And that thing allows downloading data from certain states of the qubit.

The thing in killer satellites is that most of them are planned to destroy other satellites. For those purposes, the satellites don´t need a megawatt-scale laser. The long-distance laser-communication tools are also good tools for ranging. But the same lasers can use as weapons.

Or they can also search for chemicals from the air. Lasers can also scan objects. And the same lasers can use as weapons. If the lidar recognizes the target. The system must only increase the power of the system. And that will cut the target to pieces.

https://scitechdaily.com/nasas-laser-communication-relay-demonstration-getting-space-data-to-the-ground-with-lasers/

https://scitechdaily.com/nasa-laser-communications-empowering-more-data-than-ever-before/

Image:https://scitechdaily.com/nasa-laser-communications-empowering-more-data-than-ever-before/

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

Saturday, July 7, 2018

The HAVOC-plan of the NASA

Picture I

http://kimmontaidearvioita.blogspot.com/p/the-havoc-plan-of-nasa.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

When we are thinking about the floating city in the atmosphere of some planets, we might think that this structure would need very much fuel or nuclear propulsion for floating above the clouds. That would not be necessarily true, even this city or giant spacecraft would stay in the atmosphere of some hostile planet.

Of course, the nuclear power and the turbines would keep the heavier than air-structure above the planet Venus, and the "heavier than air"-solution makes those systems very weird, but this kind of structure is safer than airships, but there is one problem. Staying in the atmosphere that system needs machine power and this kind of structures is no experiences before this program. The HAVOC (High Altitude Venus Operational Concept) could be heavier than air because this structure is not so sensitive for the winds, and that could make the thing safer, but the problem is that the motors of the device must operate all the time, but the leaks are less devastating than with airships.

Of course, the airship, what uses the structure, what is like cells is safer than the nowadays airships, and in that structure, the gas tank of the aircraft is filled with the small cells, what can be closed independently. That structure helps to minimize the gas leak from the airship. And the system is made with ultra-light carbon fiber or the artificial diamond layer, what can be the only couple of micrometers thick. This material can be welded together by using melted carbon fiber, what is also very hard material.

There would be the possibility to use the long capillary stick, what would suck the gas from the atmosphere thru it, and then this air would be turned down, what causes that this giant building might get enough rising force, that this structure would be in the atmosphere of the planet. Another structure of that floating system could be the parachute-type system, and under those parachutes would be conducted with the rising gas. Those parachutes will be floated this structure over the clouds. But this capillary system needs an extremely long tube, that the rising gas can raise the tens of tons system. The "cloud city" can fly to the target planet as the normal spacecraft, and then it can be parked in the atmosphere.

That kind of city or giant structure would be used as the investigation station for the planet Venus, but it kind if systems can be used at the bases in the atmosphere of the gas giants. In theory, it could allow making investigation layers, where the astronauts can walk like in some Sci-Fi movie, and collect the samples from the lower atmosphere. This kind of systems seems very interesting, but there will be some difficulties to make those things really working. The big structure is needed because in the Venus or other planets would be needed very much equipment, and the astronauts would also need little privacy sometimes.

https://sacd.larc.nasa.gov/smab/havoc/

Picture I

http://cdn.gospelherald.com/data/images/full/8738/nasa-venus-mission.jpg