Showing posts with label theorem. Show all posts
Showing posts with label theorem. Show all posts

Monday, July 7, 2025

The String theory and the 5-plet problem.


"Concept image of strange particles in an atom." (InterestingEngineering)

The 5-plet is a strange 5-particle group detected in the Large Hadron Collider that can challenge String theory and give answers for Dark Matter problems. The problem is that the 5-plet must not exist in the String model. But it still exists. When we think about String theory itself, that theory seems to give answers to every problem in the universe. String theory has the same problem with the Big Bang theory. That theory is commonly accepted, even if it's incomplete. String theory is made for filling the Big Bang theory giving answers to where the material that formed the Big Bang came from. The purpose of String Theory is to answer the question: What “exploded" in the Big Bang? 

String theory is not the same as the Grand Unified Theory, GUT. Some people think that the String theory gives answers to all problems in the universe. 

That is not even close to the truth. The String theory handles small parts of the entirety. And the thing that supports some kind of superstring’s existence is the cosmic web. The main idea of the String theory is that the internal superstrings or energy channels form a dimension. And the universe is like a bubble in one extremely large superstring. Those strings also form material and everything. And every single particle is a bubble in a superstring. We often forget that the Superstring theory is a repair tool for the Big Bang theory, which should explain where the material and energy came from. 

(InterestingEngineering)


The problem with the Big Bang theory is this: it doesn’t answer one of the most critical questions in physics. Where did that energy that formed the Big Bang come from? The Big Bang theory's basement is in the wave-particle duality, WPD. That means wave movement can turn into particles and particles can turn into wave movement. But without wave movement, there are no particles. So there are many updates in the Big Bang theory. The most modern model is that time itself formed the Big Bang. And the Big Bang was rather the Big Burst than the single Bang. That means in modern models the Big Bang was a series of events that formed the material in the form as we know it. 

That means the Big Bang was some kind of annihilation, but it doesn’t answer where those particles that formed the annihilation came from. One of the suggestions for that question is that there formed a giant black hole that exploded.  That black hole could have formed from wave movement that existed before the Big Bang. Or, another suggestion is that the hypothetical black hole was a remnant of the universe that existed before our universe. The multiverse model explains the space as a dimension where Big Bangs happen all the time. And universes form in the crossing points of other universes' radiation. That radiation pushes particles or wave movement into the points where their gravitational effect starts to form new universes. 

But proving that the model is not a very easy thing. If there is material outside the universe, that material is so cold that we cannot see it. But the multiverse is a logical conclusion that begins from the galaxies, galaxy clusters, and superclusters. The idea is that the universe itself is part of a larger entirety. But then we face another way to answer the problem of where everything came from. That answer is written in a very incomplete Brane theory. The idea is that the dimension or third dimension simply collapsed. That opened the channel from the fourth dimension straight to the second dimension. That energy channel formed the event called the Big Bang. If that model can be true the 3D material cannot close that channel because its energy level is too high. 


https://interestingengineering.com/science/ghost-particles-that-could-snap-string-theory


https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/things-know-can-data-large-hadron-collider-snap-string-theory


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brane


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Unified_Theory


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pion


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_theory


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave%E2%80%93particle_duality



Wednesday, June 11, 2025

Do we live in a black hole?





Maybe, the Big Bang was not the beginning of everything. The black hole cosmology claims. The universe came from a black hole that detonated or separated from some larger entirety. 

This is one of the most interesting questions in the history of cosmology. The idea about the black hole universe that separated from the bigger universe. And exploding is not new. German scientist Karl Schwarzschild made that original model in the early 20th. Century. The thing that makes that theorem where the universe is in the black hole a big thing is that it can give answers to questions about where material and radiation that formed the Universe where we live came from. That theorem is the base of the Phoenix universe, and metaverse-type theories there the universe where we live is only one of the universes. 

This gives the answer to the question of where material and wave movement came from, as I just wrote. But it doesn’t give an answer to the question of where the ultimate beginning is. The thing that will make the black hole cosmology a little bit hard to understand is the time. When we think about the time dilation in the black hole, the logical thing is that time travels in the opposite direction in the black hole. The logical conclusion begins with the time dilation model. When escape velocity reaches the speed of light time will stop. And when escape velocity turns higher than the speed of light time starts to travel backward. 

So that is the evidence against black hole cosmology? Should time travel backward in the universe? The question seems to have a simple answer, but then the black hole is more complicated than we even imagine. There are models that when we go into the black hole the escape velocity would rise. That means the time would turn around multiple times before it reaches the center of the black hole. But then we can think about the observations that are made about gas giants like Uranus. When an object closes that gas giant first the entire mass pulls that object to it. When an object falls through the atmosphere there is less mass before it. 


And that means there is lower gravity on the Uranus rocky shell. The gravity at the edge of Uranus’s clouds is about 21 g. But on its “surface,” it's lower than Earth. The surface means the point where the Uranus’s rocky core is. And there the gravity is about 8 g. The same effect should happen in black holes. Those objects are the most extreme in the universe. But there are the same principles as in the gas giants. When an object travels in a black hole, there is less gravity left in front of it. When an object falls in the black hole it rides with the field that falls in it. So there is a small point where there is no gravity at all. 

That means time turns around in the middle of a black hole. In a black hole’s absolute center time travels in the same direction as it travels outside the event horizon. In a black hole, everything travels in the same direction. This means that the cosmic flow there, all galactic superclusters seeming to travel in the same direction, can prove that the entire universe orbits around the same mass center. 

Outside of the black hole it seems to spin extremely fast. But inside its event horizon, the movement seems to be slower. The fact is that the structure must not be just below, or behind the event horizon. That thing can be far deeper in the black hole. Black holes press particles into smaller forms. 

So it is theoretically possible that just in the middle of that strange object, inside its complicated and mysterious structures are the complicated systems. If black hole cosmology is the reality that explains dark energy as the black hole vaporization. The thing is that black hole cosmology is one of the most interesting visions that have ever been made in the rocky path of cosmology. And that means the Big Bang was not the beginning of the entirety. 



https://www.independent.co.uk/space/universe-start-big-bang-black-hole-b2763415.html


https://www.sciencealert.com/the-entire-universe-could-exist-inside-a-black-hole-heres-why


https://theconversation.com/what-if-the-big-bang-wasnt-the-beginning-our-research-suggests-it-may-have-taken-place-inside-a-black-hole-258010 


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole_cosmology


The Wikipedia describes the black hole cosmology like this: 


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“A black hole cosmology (also called Schwarzschild cosmology or black hole cosmological model) is a cosmological model in which the observable universe is the interior of a black hole. Such models were originally proposed by theoretical physicist Raj Kumar Pathria, and concurrently by mathematician I. J. Good. In the version as originally proposed by Pathria and Good, and studied more recently by, among others, Nikodem Popławski, the observable universe is the interior of a black hole existing as one of possibly many inside a larger parent universe, or multiverse.”

“Any such model requires that the Hubble radius of the observable universe be equal to its Schwarzschild radius, that is, the product of its mass and the Schwarzschild proportionality constant. This is indeed known to be nearly the case; at least one cosmologist, however, considers this close match to be a coincidence.”

A paper, published in March 2025 claims that, of a sample of over 200 early galaxies, around two thirds spin clockwise, whereas only half would be expected to do so. One possible explanation for this anomaly is that we might be inside a black hole; as all known black holes spin and this spin would influence any galaxies inside one. Alternatively it might be that the cosmos spins slowly for some other reason, or there may be some issue with the data.”


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole_cosmology


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Gravastars and the matrioshka universe.

“An expanding mini-universe could counterbalance the collapsing matter of a star, thereby creating a stable gravastar. Credit: Daniel Jampol...