The new missile interceptors are under test.

Satellites are a key element for military operations. That's why those spaceborne systems are high-priority targets. Those spaceborne navigation and communication satellites are also very vulnerable. If an enemy uses some kind of anti-satellite weapons against them. The idea of antisatellite missiles and weapons is not new. In the 1950s, the U.S. and Soviet military developed nuclear missiles that could destroy satellites and incoming nuclear missiles. The fact is, the same systems that can destroy incoming missiles can destroy other satellites. 

In 1963, the nuclear test "Dominick Starfish Prime" showed that the nuclear warheads were ineffective against ballistic missiles. If a nuclear warhead detonates too close to its own cities, the electromagnetic pulse destroys electronics in its own bases and cities. That meant that there was a need to create more advanced weapons that didn't cause an EMP pulse. 

One of the early attempts to make effective ASAT and ABM systems was the "GATV" or Gemini-Agena Target Vehicle. In that test, two Gemini spacecraft connected to the Agena stage. And then those spacecraft were put to rotate around that stage. The idea was to create artificial gravity. But another purpose was (probably) to create a giant propeller that could destroy incoming satellites and missiles. 

The need to create the new ASAT weapons was due to the EMP weapon threat. An EMP weapon can be a satellite that involves a nuclear bomb. If that nuclear bomb is launched over the enemy territory, it destroys all electrical equipment. Another very frightening system is the Fractional Orbital Bombardment system, FOBS. 

The FOBS is the nuclear warhead that is parked in orbit. When the order comes, the FOBS dives against its target. The miniature shuttles can carry FOBS or EMP weapons. The idea is that those systems can dive through the atmosphere against their target. Or they can suddenly detonate above the target area. The thing is that the miniature shuttle can return to base if its warhead was not used. 

One variant of the FOBS system is the large nuclear power laser that can get energy from a nuclear detonation. The nuclear warhead can be around the laser element. A large mirror can collect that radiation for the laser element. In the last case, the laser can also get energy from the sunlight. And the nuclear warhead is required only if the system needs power that allows a laser beam to reach the ground. 

"A graphic the US Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) put out earlier this year illustrating the threats to the United States homeland that Golden Dome is expected to help shield against. DIA" (Twz.com, Space-Based Missile Interceptors For Golden Dome Being Tested By Northrop)

"A graphic showing, in a very rudimentary way, the typical trajectories, from launch to impact, for traditional ballistic missiles, hypersonic boost-glide vehicles, quasi or aeroballistic missiles, and air-breathing hypersonic cruise missiles. GAO" (Twz.com, Space-Based Missile Interceptors For Golden Dome Being Tested By Northrop)

"A Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) graphic depicting various types of space-based anti-satellite capabilities. DIA" (Twz.com, Space-Based Missile Interceptors For Golden Dome Being Tested By Northrop)

Above: AGTV, Agena-Gemini Target Vehicle (Agena Target Vehicle, ATV)

X-37B

Dream Chaser

Mig-105 "Spiral"

Large-sized reconnaissance satellites with large mirror telescopes are tools that can guarantee the satellite's survivability. Those kinds of satellites can keep a longer distance from the Earth. That gives them safe against low-orbiter ASAT systems. The missile aimed at those satellites must fly for a longer time. And that gives more time to react to that threat. The satellite can have counter-weapons. Like space claymores that shoot iron balls against the incoming missile. Those systems are suitable against other satellites. So, the weapon race went to Space. 

There is a possibility of creating systems that can destroy those long-distance satellites using large-sized missile interceptors. Those interceptor missiles' top stage can be transformed into the YAG laser. The acetylene lamp can give energy to high-power lasers. And the rocket engine can use those gases as fuel. The top stage can fly against the targeted satellite and launch the laser system. 

In the 1980s, the Reagan government introduced an idea about the spaceborne antiballistic missile system, ABM, whose mission was to destroy Soviet missiles when they were attacking the USA. The program name was the Strategic Defense Initiative, SDI. In that time, technology was not advanced enough for this system to work. 

The main problem was that spaceborne missile defense systems could be vulnerable against Soviet anti-satellite weapons like kinetic energy interceptors and ground-based EMP and laser systems. The simplest possibility was that the missile launched a large number of iron nails at the orbiter to orbit in the opposite direction to the ABM platform. And those iron nails would damage or destroy the system. 

The modern version would include high-orbit observation platforms and the systems that shoot targets using kinetic energy railguns. Or the system can include the space shotgun. The iron balls that shot against other satellites or missiles. Those systems can look like the space version of the Claymore mines. The system sees the target and then the explosives send metal balls against it. The other versions are electromagnetic railguns that break the shell of targeted satellites and missiles. The problem is always debris that can close the trajectory from other satellites. 

The answer can be the EMP or other directed energy weapons. They can destroy other satellites. And especially EMP systems can keep those satellites intact. That thing denies the form of the debris. The EMP satellite can use normal solar panels to load its capacitors. Then the system targets the radio or microwave antenna to give an impulse. That can destroy the targeted satellite electronics. 

The other versions are things like long manipulators or miniature satellites whose mission is to impact targeted satellites. Or those AI-controlled systems can also push the targeted satellites away from their trajectory. There have been ideas that the satellites can also be put in a mylar bag, and then the killer satellite can put the targeted satellite in that bag and drop it into the atmosphere. 

https://news.satnews.com/2023/06/18/guardiansat-secures-patent-for-satellite-based-automated-countermeasure-system/

https://www.twz.com/space/space-based-missile-interceptors-for-golden-dome-being-tested-by-northrop

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-satellite_weapon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASM-135_ASAT

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_Chaser

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-105

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_X-37

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starfish_Prime

The GPS era will and the future navigation system is the NTS-3.

Like GSM telephones, satellite-based navigation is advancing. The GPS is vulnerable, and there is needed more multi-use systems. Those new navigation systems' requirement is being less vulnerable to EW systems. The other thing is that those systems must use the same time as the data transmitting system and communication tool. The NTS-3 (Navigation Technology Satellite 3) system consists the satellites and receiving systems that can be the size of a mobile telephone. 

Maybe the new NTS-3 satellite will have those abilities. The NTS-3 will use different broadbands than the GPS. And that means the GPS could remain a civilian tool. When the military and civilian systems are separated that denies the opponents ability to get those systems in their hands and jam the military systems. 

The NTS-3 might have some kind of stealth ability. That means it's hard to detect by using regular radars. And the way to harm that system is to find it by using the data transmission of that satellite. Of course, ASAT missiles and other weapons can have the ability to track the targets by using similar technology that the ARM (Anti-Radiation missiles) use. But that requires that attacking system knows the frequencies that the satellite uses in its data transmission. 

That means the new navigation systems have two main segments. Civilian and military. But of course, there are thousands of sub-segments like law enforcement, professional truckers, medical service, and military allies, close allies, and then the segments that are reserved only for things like nuclear weapon security are separated. 

Also, the ground controllers might have a better ability to shut down certain navigation segments to deny a hostile use than GPS operators have. The controllers can also locate and close the individual devices and adjust the system's accuracy in some areas. 

The NTS-3 satellite would give huge advances, signal stability, and many other things. And one of them could be integrated data transmit ability. Also, a new type of encryption and transmission handling AI-based tools can make this new system more secure than the old GPS. 

When we are thinking about the global satellite base positioning there is the possibility to use laser-based optical systems. Those systems can base the idea that the users of that systems point the laser light to the reconnaissance satellite. Then that satellite will transmit the image back to the user, and the user can see its position in the satellite image. This kind of system can integrate with the new U.S anti-hypersonic missile warning satellite systems. 

If those satellites can cover the entire Earth with their cameras. That laser-based system can offer a great option for radio-based communication and location. This laser system must be above the clouds and that means it could be effective only in aircraft. 

https://www.airforcemag.com/from-warning-to-tracking-defending-america-against-hypersonic-missile-attacks/

https://breakingdefense.com/2021/07/nts-3-aiming-to-improve-on-gps-starts-integration-tests-in-august/

https://www.gpsworld.com/nts-3-mission-progresses-toward-launch-in-2023/

https://eurasiantimes.com/us-air-force-to-dump-gps-for-nts-3/

Image: https://spacenews.com/air-force-research-laboratorys-nts-3-satellite-scheduled-to-launch-on-ulas-vulcan/

https://spacenews.com/air-force-gives-nod-to-l3harris-to-continue-development-of-nts-3-navigation-satellite/

Quantum compass and next generation navigation

https://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

The vulnerabilities of GPS systems have been noticed, and that system has many weaknesses. The use of satellites makes it vulnerable to ASAT (Anti Satellite)-missiles, and another kind of weapons. That's why the military forces of the world are looking for the replacement for GPS. Even if the new systems, what bases the jumping frequencies are more immune to jamming than old systems, the replacement, what does not need satellites are now under the development.

Quantum compass might replace the GPS because it's immune to jamming systems. The major weaknesses of the GPS are the system uses satellites for giving the position of the point. And this is why GPS is quite easy to jam, and the other weaknesses are that the system cannot be used in underground or EMP-protected places.

Also, northern lights are disturbing that device, because they form ion layer in the top of the atmosphere. This means that the operators, who use GPS must find another way to locate themselves. The answer in submarines has been to use the Inertial navigation system, what connects the information of the speed of the thing, what uses that system, and the gyroscope meters the direction of the ship or aircraft.  In modern gyroscopes, the layer would lay in the magnetic field, and it is rotating like in the electric motors. The lasers would observe the direction and positioning of that magnetic plate, what reacts extreme sharply in any changes in direction of the system.

By using this information can the computer map the position, if the beginning point of the journey is known in the vehicle. This navigation system can map the entire route of the navigated thing. But this system requires the begin location for mapping, or it is useless. This is the problem with this system. Also, the problem is to make it enough small that person can carry it in the pocket, and the need of speed information makes this thing hard to use in ground vehicles.  Setting the beginning point of navigation is also difficult if the person jumps by using a parachute, where the beginning point is hard to locate.

The answer for the problem could be the very sharp magnetic compass, what bases technology, where the layer is floating in the magnetic field, and the multiple lasers are observing the position of that thing. The new kind of systems might be the combination, where is magnetic and gyro compass working together. Those systems might be very small and that would make them very light and effective.

The magnetic version of this compass works with a similar principle with normal magnetic compass, and the system calculates the place of the system by using the angle of the north pole for locating the system. The difference between the Inertial navigation system is that the plate must be in a stable position. There would be extremely thin magnet nail on it, and that makes possible to locate the magnetic north pole very sharply.

If those systems are based with nanotechnology, where the plates are extremely thin, and the width will be the only couple of micrometers and the size is smaller than coin or even the thumbtacks, the system would be extremely small. But of course, the operator needs more information and one is the knowledge about where the system is. So the operator must put the state or some coordinates, where he might be, that the computer can locate the person. This might be the next generation locating system.

The strange cloud again (The Bird of Prey)

Picture I

http://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/p/the-strange-cloud-again-bird-of-prey.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

A couple of days ago, I was walking in the evening, and I noticed the strange form of the could. This shape is looking like NASA's "The Bird Of Prey" STEALTH-demonstrator. So when we are looking at this strange airplane, I sometimes wonder, how many test planes the NASA has got? When we are looking at the airplane, we must realize, that there are many things, what NASA doesn't tell to normal people.  Those programs are the door, what is used to getting financial support for undercover military aircraft or "Black Budget" aircraft and secret military action.


When we are thinking about so-called "test planes" they can also fly in top secret missions. That means, the bombs can also be dropped from the test planes, but those planes can also be equipped with far more exotic weapons like lasers. The strange shape of the aircraft would help the pilot keeping those missions secret, and if the aircraft is from some test flight program, that could be destroyed after the flight. This would help to keep the combat or recon missions secret.

The unique shape of the aircraft helps to cover the mission, and if the test plane would be marked as the destroyed there would be nobody, who can proof those missions existed. The test plane, what is not officially existed is actually very dangerous if it can make the air strikes. That kind of airplane could be used in some special missions, and after the mission, they can be flown to the ground, and then the aircraft would be reported as lost in test flights.


The manned aircraft can be converted as drone very easily, and the operator would not even know, what kind of aircraft would this person fly, and the computers can make the artificial picture from the outside, and that would cover the real mission. That kind of media can be used for making the illusion, that the mission was some kind of simulation, and even the operator would not know that the weapons, that were used were real. This is, of course, the hypothetical writing about secret operations, where is used the most modern computer technology.


Maybe the satellites, what are supporting those missions can create the artificial clouds for protecting the aircraft. And maybe they are equipped with holographic systems, what mission is to make false targets in the skies. The other version might be that some satellites are using electric arcs for forming the clouds. The reason for making false targets or "pseudo-UFO":s might be that those operators would want to make the air defense tired for false alarms. And sooner or later the pilots would be bored for going to see some clouds, what are mistakenly thought UFO:s. That would give room for real recon planes, what could hide in the artificial clouds.


Picture I

https://media.wired.com/photos/5932674e52d99d6b984de23d/master/w_960,c_limit/boeing-bird-of-prey-2.jpg

The Black Knight satellite and antimatter

Picture I

http://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/p/the-black-knight-satellite-and.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Sometimes there are many risks about the strange objects like "Black Knight" satellite. And the biggest one is conducting theory, that this object would be made by some super civilization. In this writing, I will seek the possibility that humanoids have visited near the Earth and left the satellite behind them for observing the Earth, in the point of view, that this hypothesis would be possible.



When we are thinking about the fact of the "Black Knight" satellite, that could be the result of some early test of the launching the satellite orbiting the Earth. Maybe that satellite was sent to the orbital for testing the capacity to send the public satellite. Officially the "Explorer I" was the first satellite, what was sent to orbital, but there were claiming, that there were shot other satellites in the same day because nobody wanted to fail the first satellite, what the USA send to the orbiter in 1958. Maybe "Black Knight" is some "Vanguard"-satellite, what was sent secretly for spying Soviet radar signal. And of course, that was not told to the public audience. That "Black Knight"  satellite would also be sent by the Soviets but this is only theory. Maybe they want that Sputnik I would be number one because this "Black Knight" could look like too aggressive for demonstrating the know-how of the Soviet Union.

The super civilization might deny the stealing of their intelligence satellites or probes in a very radical way. Those hypothetical aliens could change the materials of their probe as the antimatter, that denies effectively capturing that probe. If that probe would be made antimatter, that would effectively deny all attempts to investigate those devices. Actually, we could make that process on Earth, but the mass of the antimatter would be so high, that the explosion would be the size of the supernova. Antimatter is the mirror of the normal material, but the anti-proton has negative electricity and positron or anti-electron has positive electricity. And anti-neutron rotates to opposite direction to the normal neutron. Because we can produce anti-helium, we can produce any other anti-elements of material, like anti-iron.


But the production of the large mass of antimatter is very expensive and that thing is very dangerous. The storing of antimatter would happen in the magnetic bottle, where the magnets pull the antimatter away from the layers. In this bottle, antimatter would float in the empty space, but if the magnet would be lost electricity, the antimatter would touch the bottle and the explosion would be extremely powerful. The antimatter bomb would be actually the magnetic bottle what would drop to the enemy positions, and then the ventilate of this bottle will open, and the air would touch antimatter.


We are making antimatter on the Earth very small masses, and that means that in the laboratories like CERN would be produced the only couple of atoms of antimatter in the year, for the collation tests, where the positron or anti-electron would collide with the electron. The antimatter is very dangerous because all the mass of the matter would transfer to energy if the anti-particle will contact the particle. The releasing energy level is so high, that the gram of antimatter would destroy entire Earth.


The CERN's cyclotron particle accelerator could cause very much damages in another way. It's enough that the little piece of metal like steel haul would be sent to an accelerator with the maximum energy, and then the electricity of the magnets just cut off. The impact energy to the wall of accelerator would be extremely high. And that could cause the destruction in the large areas.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanguard_1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explorer_1


Picture I

https://i.pinimg.com/originals/58/13/e8/5813e8d966609858d22404830a7d8552.jpg

XB-70 Valkyrie and the strange things around this plane

North American XB-70 "Valkyrie"
(Picture 1)

Kimmo Huosionmaa

In 1960’s United States Air Force and NASA tested new supersonic bomber, what had the capacity to flight in speed Mach 3. The planes were built two individuals, and one accident has ended this program. This program was the very expensive and only one existing "Valkyrie" is located in Air Force Museum, but legend remains, that the mystery plane code-named "Dark Star" was actually "Valkyrie" what was put together by pieces what left behind from original "Valkyrie" project. "Dark Star" was CIA project for sending small satellites to low Earth orbiter after "Challenger" incident. There might be many projects, what has this name, and here I don't mean Lockheed-Martin "Dark Star" drone.


The purpose of "Dark Star" was to replace the shuttles with another kind of vehicles, because all shuttle launches were delayed because space shuttle "Challenger" was exploded in the air in 1986. And all conventional rockets were reserved for other purposes. So CIA wanted to make their own mothership for launching satellites in the low orbiter. "Valkyrie" was the very expensive project and the loss of two test pilots gave the reason for terminating this project because the know-how to build this kind of vehicle was not advanced enough in 1960's.


The accident what finally stopped "Valkyrie" project was that the XB-70 aircraft collided with F-104 “Starfighter” in the air, and causes the death of its pilots. The program was terminated because of this accident, what was the human mistake. The accident happened in 1966, but because the other aircraft were not replaced, that show that interesting about this project was die down and it was finally terminated in 1969. Technology what was made for XB-70 were used later in supersonic “Concorde” passenger plane. The part what was used was probably the geometrical solutions for wing and engine boxes.

(Picture 2)

The thing what makes “Valkyrie” so interesting, is that this plane was very large. And it has twin tail, what makes it quite suitable for high-speed mothership missions where is tested new kind of ramjet and rocket plane technology. The twin tail lets the high-temperature exhaust gas pass the tail without damaging the tail structure.  In those tests what are culminated in the X-43 test, where the mothership missions were used B-52 "Stratofortress", what launched that drone with “Pegasus” rocket.


Ultra-fast drones have one purpose, to create the flexible and small size space system, what can react very fast. In those systems, the aircraft would accelerate its speed in the atmosphere, and then it would make the hypersonic climb to space. Those shuttles are planned to operate in many missions like scientific when they would get air samples and meter the magnetic fields and lower Van Allen belt. But they are also developed for ASAT (Anti satellite) and ABM (Anti Ballistic Missile) missions. Also, they can use as the hypersonic cruise missiles and bombers with ultimate strike capacity.


The problem with miniature shuttles is that their payload is quite small. In this case, “Valkyrie” takes the miniature shuttle in the back and then the cargo-satellite would connect with it by using wire, and then the high-speed drone would accelerate it’s speed and begins the “ballistic jump”. During this jump, the drone would tow the satellite wire, what is used as a sling, when the drone turns back to Earth. “Valkyrie” offers bigger high-speed mothership capacity than other high-speed aircraft. Of course, normally air-launched rockets can be used in those missions, where extremely small satellites are launched by using airplanes. The bigger size of “Valkyrie” allows also use large test devices, what might be secret.

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_XB-70_Valkyrie

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA_X-43

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_RQ-3_DarkStar

Picture 1:

http://palmflying.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/North-American-XB-70-Valkyrie-590x442.jpg

Picture 2:

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQuA7OsgEuygLmeUcv4ZewEEU7JbbdJoyPPqQt2csUVx3zWVgx6


https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/xb-70-valkyrie-and-strange-things.html

Artificial birds would make many things more complicated than ever before

(Picture 1)

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Artificial birds can help natural scientists to investigate the behavior of animals. Those robot birds can look like natural animals, and they might be covered by artificial feathers, what makes them look like their paragons. And this would make the revolution for intelligence and attack drones because their shape would make those machines invincible. The artificial birds can equip with laser microphones, what allows them to observe some offices and other places like that.


The laser microphones can installed to the mouth of those robots, and they can record any discussion, what targeted person makes. Those artificial birds can use fuel cells to create the needed electric power, but also microwaves and masers can be used to deliver electricity to those robots. They can work very independently, and even if their own computer system has limited computing capacity, they can call assistance from supercomputers, by using satellite transmission.


This would give change to control those vehicles from another side of Earth. Those robots can look like any bird in worth old, and that equipment can be used also with assassination missions. The simplest way is just fly one of those robots inside the aircraft’s jet engine, where that would cause critical damage to that machine. In the mouth of robots can also installed the weapons like derringer pistols or rifle caliber weapons.  Also, natural birds can be used as robots. In this scenario, those animal’s brains are implanted with microprocessors, what stimulates their brain core.


The most modern systems would not need any surgical process to work. They are like some net, what would put to the head of the animal like that, and it uses high power radio-waves to give stimulations to the brain core. And the most modern brain core stimulation equipment works without physical contact. They are actually super powerful radios, and in theory, they can install drones. The idea of those systems is that they influence the magnetic sense of the birds. If the antenna would be superconducting, that system can transmit the EEG-waves to the central computer (Check SQUID and MEG). In this system can be used the recorded EEG-waves, what the bird’s nerve system creates when it attacks to give control signals to the birds.


By using 4G data-transmission the computer can communicate over the Internet, and the brain core stimulation can allow controlling those animals like robots. In this “model” the normal birds like Condors can use for carrying the intelligence and attack equipment to the targets. The easiest way just gives HEAT-ammunition to the claw of those birds, and they can drop it on tanks or other military equipment. This technology could be very devastating in wrong hands.

Sources:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-gc8kBmzOOI

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetoencephalography

http://www.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/meg/technologiesMEG.php

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQUID

Picture 1:

https://media.nu.nl/m/m1mxt94aopad_wd1280.jpg/nederlandse-robotroofvogel-eind-jaar-beschikbaar.jpg

https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/artificial-birds-would-make-many-things.html

Why top secret "Zuma"-satellite is silent?

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/why-top-secret-zuma-satellite-is-silent.html

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/why-top-secret-zuma-satellite-is-silent.html