Dart made its mission and impact on its target asteroid "Dimorphos"

Dart spacecraft impacted its target "Dimorphos"-asteroid. The NASA plan was to test planetary defense against asteroids. The biggest problem with planetary defense is that most of the asteroids that cause threats are quite small. 

The probe must use advanced AI for finding the right asteroid. Then it must find the position. That is the most effective for turning asteroids. And then impact in that precise target. 

The probe must use advanced AI for finding the right asteroid. Then it must find the position. That is the most effective for turning asteroids. And then impact in that precise target. 

That is also a lucky thing because turning the small asteroid away from its trajectory is easy. If that asteroid is located before impact. If that asteroid can push away from its trajectory that system doesn't need nuclear weapons. 

But if there is needed to use nuclear explosives the spacecraft can land on the surface of the asteroid. And then that system can drill the nuclear detonator to the center of the asteroid, where the heat expansion breaks its core. 

The images that the probe sends before impact are giving data of the gravitational field of "Dimorphos". There are small rocks on that asteroid. 

That tells there are no outside gravitational effects on that asteroid. That kind of gravitational effect could hover those rocks from the asteroid. Data that this probe sends could help to make models for microgravitational effects. 

A Swarm of miniature satellites can act as the ASAT weapons. 

If we are thinking of the Dart system as the base for the "Killer satellites" we can think that killer satellites are swarms of miniature satellites that are orbiting Earth. When those satellites see targets they activate their engines and impact their targets. 

Those satellite swarms can also soot to the trajectories. That the ICBM missiles are using. In that system, the idea is that the  ICBM impacts those miniature satellites. And those satellites can have guns that make them shoot warheads and MIRV-busses. 

That is a very simple way to make killer satellites. The idea of those systems is similar to drone swarms. A large number of simple satellites can shoot to the orbiter by using regular rockets. And then those swarms can take the trajectories there they can impact against their target.

(https://scitechdaily.com/see-darts-final-images-before-asteroid-impact/)

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

NASA:s new mission to return samples from Mars astonish the world.

The new mission where probes are bringing samples from planet Mars to Earth can be even more interesting than the JWST telescope. For the first time in history. The mineral samples will be taken from another planet. And take it to a special laboratory.

And one of the reasons why NASA wants to make that mission is fossils that are found from meteorites. Those samples can answer was there some kind of bacteria living on Mars. There was water on Mars before it lost its lithosphere and there could live some kind of primitive procaryotes on Mars. If that thing is true the next question is where life was formed. 

The fact is that water is more common in the universe than nobody expected. And even if there is no free oxygen in the atmosphere of some planets the hypothetical lifeforms can create oxygen straight from water by cutting water molecules by using electricity. Those cells can form electricity by using similar cells that electric eels use to create electric shocks. And the electric cells can get their power from photosynthesis. The fact is this. 

The first bacteria on Earth were not vegetables or animals. They were photosynthetic creatures that could move. Free oxygen was poison for those bacteria same way it poison also to some anaerobic bacteria. So maybe that kind of creature formed also on other planets. And then impact with asteroid ended the story of the life on Mars. 

Maybe those samples that NASA brings to Earth can confirm that theorem. But there is the possibility that those fossils are not covering the entire red planet. They might exist only in places where was no ultraviolet radiation. And there is a possibility that samples are taken from sterile areas. 

And there is, of course, the possibility that those bacteria will not be found on those samples. That can tell that there was no life on Mars. But it's always possible that the rover that takes those samples accidentally collects stones where are no fossils by selecting them from next to stones where are fossils. 

https://scitechdaily.com/mars-sample-return-mission-nasa-will-astonish-the-world/

Image:) https://scitechdaily.com/mars-sample-return-mission-nasa-will-astonish-the-world/

The Space X Starship can have a key role in future space projects.

Image 1:) Artist’s rendering of a SpaceX Starship leaving a lunar colony. Credit: SpaceX (ScitechDaily/Space Missions To Watch: A Lunar Return, a Jupiter Moon, and the Most Powerful Rocket Ever Built)

The Starship is a new type of large-scale vertical take-off and landing shuttle that can operate almost everywhere. That system can be the tool for the next space programs. When we are thinking possibility to send that craft to the Moon. There is the possibility that the Starship is connected with some other rocket. The Starship can launch to the orbiter and the auxiliary stage can dock to the back of Starship. By using that kind of modular system is the possibility to make journeys to the Moon or even to other planets. 

There is the possibility to connect the NERVA system or ion rocket stage at the back of the Starship. In the plans, the reactors that nuclear thermal propulsion requires. Would load at the Lunar orbiter. Those lightweight but extremely powerful reactors would use high-enriched plutonium or some synthetic elements like neptunium, californium, or einsteinium as nuclear fuel. Those reactors can use as the NERVA system. Or they can use in ion engines. 

The Starship can use also as a platform for the orbital weapon systems. Those systems require high-power laser systems. And those lasers and ion systems can install in large-scale space shuttles. Those kinds of lasers can use to destroy recon, location, or communication satellites. And the ion systems can also use to create plasma over the hostile communication centers. 

https://www1.grc.nasa.gov/historic-facilities/rockets-systems-area/7911-2/

https://scitechdaily.com/space-missions-to-watch-a-lunar-return-a-jupiter-moon-and-the-most-powerful-rocket-ever-built/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NERVA

By the way, the Ingenuity-helicopter still runs on Mars. 

Image 2) Ingenuity helicopter. (Space.com/1 year later, Ingenuity helicopter still going strong on Mars)

Those kinds of small helicopters are pathfinders in many ways. Those helicopters can search for water and interesting samples from large areas. And those systems can have multiple sensors like lasers and radars. Those systems can connect with spectrometers that are telling what kind of elements some areas involve.  

Also, the feet of those helicopters might have seismic sensors. So that kind of helicopter can operate with rovers. The thing is that the small helicopters can use advanced AI even they are small-size. 

The AI can be at the rover. Or there is the possibility that another planet would send the computer unit to assist those rovers and helicopters. Those small helicopters can use for simulating high-flying helicopters that can observe areas by using infrared cameras and small radars. Those helicopters are suitable to observe the strength of the ice. And they can search for pollution from water and air. 

The miniature helicopters can get their energy supply by laser rays. The laser or radio system that is targeted to their solar panels or radio receivers can give an energy supply for those systems. The small-size helicopter can land on the roof of the bunker. And then it can listen to things that people are talking about in it. It can aim laser or radar systems to windows for observing people. 

The system can use its seismic sensors to record noise through the wall. Or it can try to use radar. Or a sonar system for searching things that are inside the houses. 

https://www.space.com/nasa-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-one-year-anniversary

Image 2:) https://www.space.com/nasa-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-one-year-anniversary

https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/

The rocket that brings samples from Mars got its contractor. And that is Lockheed-Martin corporation.

Image 1)" This illustration shows a concept for a set of future robots working together to ferry back samples from the surface of Mars collected by NASA’s Mars Perseverance rover. Credit: NASA/ESA/JPL-Caltech" (ScitechDaily/NASA Selects Lockheed Martin Space To Build Rocket To Retrieve First Samples From Mars)

Lockheed-Martin took the contract for creating a rocket that brings the first samples from Mars. That launch will be the first that brings samples from other planets. The purpose of the mission is also to collect data for the first manned Mars mission.

 But that launch from another planet is same way remarkable as helicopter flight at Mars atmosphere. The rocket from Mars to Earth is the pathfinder for more difficult missions like bringing water samples from the icy moons of Jupiter. 

When we think about missions in the distant future. Those missions focused on more distant objects and planets like Neptune. There is needed a new type of technology to make the mission successful. 

Things like artificial intelligence are needed. To make the independently operating probes that can take the most interesting samples. The helicopter probes can mark places where their plasma spectrometers detect things like chlorophyll molecules. Or the independently operating helicopter can take samples from those points. The system that takes samples from Mars to Earth consists of three independent systems. 

The helicopter, the Perseverance rover, along with other rovers, and of course, the rocket are tools for that system. That rocket sends samples to Earth. And it can be similar to MGM-51 Lance tactical missile from the past. 

Image 2) MGM-52 Lance

And maybe some kind of laboratory vehicle where is more multi-use systems like scanning tunneling microscopes for pre-select samples that will load to rocket. Those samples are sent to Earth or Moon laboratories. That laboratory might connect to the launch platform of the rocket.

But that rocket must carry the fuel inside it for returning to Earth. Or it can use the electrolysis for breaking water on Mars. But that kind of system requires water. So the fuel and oxygen must load to rocket on Earth. The rocket itself can bases technology that is developed for tactical missiles like MGM-52 Lance or Pershing. The question is does that rocket use liquid or solid fuel. 

The moon-based laboratories must not be manned. The remote control modules can involve similar systems with BL-5 level laboratories. But on the Moon, those samples are not polluted. The remote-control systems make those modules easy to operate from Earth. 

Image 2)Daedalus spacecraft concept.

But of course, those samples can take to BL-5 laboratories that are needed to keep them sterile. If Earth bacteria infects those samples. They can cover or destroy the remains of life like Martian bacteria fossils.

The system that will travel to those distant planets is the probe that is controlled with highly sophisticated artificial intelligence. There might be man-looking robots onboard that are fixing errors and damages of those probes. The journey to Neptune takes a very long time and robot craft would not require that any person must stay years in the space. 

The probe for outer planets might look like Daedalus-probe that planned to send to Alpha Centauri. But for technical reasons that famous theoretical study project remains as the papers and drawings. Maybe someday in the future, that kind of plan turns to real space systems. And maybe that day is closer than we even think. If ten years ago somebody would say. Someday NASA will get samples from Mars to Earth that thing would claim pure fantasy. 

The system would be very independent. And it can select its samples itself. The capacity for independent operations is a key element for successful missions in Kuiper Belt. Those probes must select the target in seconds if they want to catch small asteroids that might be from other solar systems. After catching objects that seem interesting. The probe would put those asteroids in a cargo room and send them to Earth. 

And that is the final training for interstellar probes. The interstellar space probe is the thing that travels tens of years to stars. The technology that those missions require is similar. To that the probes that operate at the Kuiper belt require. 

https://scitechdaily.com/mars-ascent-vehicle-nasa-selects-lockheed-martin-space/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM-31_Pershing

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM-52_Lance

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus

Image 1)https://scitechdaily.com/mars-ascent-vehicle-nasa-selects-lockheed-martin-space/

Image 2) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM-52_Lance

Image 3)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus

https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/

NASA and planetary defense

   

NASA and planetary defense

"NASA’s DART spacecraft is due to collide with the smaller body of the Didymos binary asteroid system in October 2022."

"ESA’s Hera mission will survey ‘Didymoon’ post-impact and assess how its orbit has been changed by the collision, to turn this one-off experiment into a workable planetary defense technique."

Credit: ESA–ScienceOffice.org"  (ScitechDaily/We Asked a NASA Expert: Is NASA Really Crashing a Spacecraft Into an Asteroid?)

NASA and planetary defense

NASA DART mission will impact the space probe to an asteroid in October 2022. Or more accurately saying, asteroid Didymos binary asteroid. One of the things that makes asteroid 65803 Didymos interesting is that the asteroid has its moon. And when the DART impacts the asteroid. ESA:s "Hera" probe will observe the debris from the surface asteroid's surface. That data is important for creating a defense against asteroids. 

The mission of that spacecraft is to research the possibility to turn asteroids away from their course without nuclear detonation. The thing is that the USA and other nations are spending billions on their defense budgets. 

But nobody has ever made anything against natural threats like small asteroids. There are billions of asteroids in the solar system. And the biggest extinctions on Earth are the reason for cosmic impacts. Most of those asteroids are small. Their size is about 10-200 meters. And they can come near Eath quite suddenly. 

The warning against those small asteroids would get maybe in a couple of days before impact. Those small asteroids cause local threats. 

We are lucky. The asteroid impact wiped out dinosaurs. And that open road to mammals and finally humans. But there are no confirmed large-scale asteroid impacts after the extinction of dinosaurs. 

There is some suspicion that ice ages began when asteroids impacted oceans. And then that impact caused nuclear winter. If an asteroid drops to sea that thing can cause that the level of sunlight on Earth will decrease. 

There are no confirmed asteroid impacts in city areas. If the impact of 200 meters asteroid would happen before spaceflights. There is nothing that could deny that thing. 

If that kind of asteroid drops to a city area the destruction is similar to a nuclear blast. Most of the asteroids would drop to seas causing tsunamis. The reason for that is. That most of our planet is covered by water. The possibility that the object from the solar system impacts some area is always the same. 

But the larger asteroids which size is more than a kilometer can cause more damage. If the large asteroid which size is about 15 kilometers comes on Earth. The system detects that object immediately. And then there is no way what we can do. There is the possibility to use nuclear detonators to turn objects away from their course. The nuclear detonator vaporizes the surface of that dwarf planet. But otherwise, people can sit and wait for the impact. 

Things like rogue planets are opening our eyes that there are also other kinds of threats than some small asteroids. The visit of Oumuamua is proven that the asteroids can come outside the solar system. 

And if the 100-1000 meters asteroid impacts another asteroid like Ceres that thing can act like a billiard ball. The Oumuamua-size (1000X250m) object can push another asteroid from its trajectories. 

Defense against small-size objects is quite easy. Shooting them with kinetic ammunition or just pushing them away by docking rocket engines to them is enough. But if those asteroids are falling on Earth there is always the possibility, that it drops to city areas. 

Maybe shooting it to pieces would seem very shocking. And maybe. Some satellites will break because of that debris. But in those cases, the destruction on Earth would be local but total. If people just sit and look at the incoming object that can destroy one city. If somebody shoots those objects they would turn smaller. And smaller pieces cause smaller destruction. 

But another thing is that large objects can cause global destruction. If things like 100 kilometers object are closing Earth. That means there is no shield. If an object which diameter is 1000 kilometers hits Earth we can say goodbye to the human race. 

https://www.esa.int/Safety_Security/Hera

https://www.heramission.space/

https://scitechdaily.com/we-asked-a-nasa-expert-is-nasa-really-crashing-a-spacecraft-into-an-asteroid-video/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/65803_Didymos

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBOumuamua

Image: https://scitechdaily.com/we-asked-a-nasa-expert-is-nasa-really-crashing-a-spacecraft-into-an-a

https://networkedinternet.blogspot.com/

For the first time probe has touched the Sun.

  

 For the first time probe has touched the Sun. 

NASA Parker probe has been dive in the Sun. That probe used interesting technology that helped to keep it cool. There could be possible to make the probe dive even deeper by using a magnetic field that pushes the plasma away from the probe. That would decrease the interaction between the probe and the plasma that comes from the Sun. 

The reason why Parker was sent to its mission. Is that it should collect data from the solar wind. The solar wind is high-energetic plasma that can destroy spacecraft. But there is another reason why close contact with the Sun is needed. The mission of probes like Parker is to collect data for the fusion tests. The power source of the Sun is fusion reaction. And the close contact with the Sun is the thing that can help to model the conditions that are making fusion possible. 

In some visions, the probes like Parker can collect antimatter from the solar atmosphere. The probe would travel to the sun.  Then that antimatter collector dives deep into the corona. Then it could open the solar sail and solar wind can push the probe back to Earth. 

Antimatter production is extremely expensive. And the probe could create it by putting the beta particles of the solar wind impact with gold leaf. Antimatter can use in fusion reactors to start the fusion reaction. 

The antimatter is creating an extremely high energy load. And that energy can use for starting and maintaining fusion reactions. The antimatter can make annihilate with material around the plasma-ring at Tokamak-type reactors. And that energy dose can start a fusion reaction. And it can raise the temperature after certain periods. The use of antimatter is to boost the fusion reaction in the fusion reactors. 

When the fusion reactor will start to turn too cold small dose of antimatter can turn the temperature to the needed level. The problem with the fusion rector is that the needed temperature is higher than in the Sun's nucleus. In the fusion reactors, the pressure of the nucleus of the sun must compensate by rising temperature to so high level. That the heat replaces missing pressure.  

The use of antimatter is one of the answers to how to create enough energy for starting self-maintaining fusion. But the high price would limit the use of antimatter for that purpose. So antimatter can collect from space. 

https://scitechdaily.com/parker-solar-probe-for-the-first-time-in-history-a-spacecraft-has-touched-the-sun/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokamak

https://likeinterstellartravelingandfuturism.blogspot.com/

Laser communication is a multipurpose tool.

   

 Laser communication is a multipurpose tool.

Illustration of the U.S. Department of Defense’s Space Test Program Satellite-6 (STPSat-6) with the Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) payload communicating data over infrared links. Credit: NASA

Lasers are multipurpose tools.

Lasers can deliver energy to small-size drones. But the thing is that laser communication is making those systems more powerful than ever before. The same lasers that power can adjust can use as measurements, data transmission, and weapons. They can also use to point targets for the smart weapons or scan the target. 

The laser communication tools are offering secure and fast data communication. The system can offer the best protection against eavesdropping than ever before. Quantum communication by using lasers is easy to make.

In quantum communication data flow is cut into pieces. That is sent by using different frequencies at the same time. And then that data is connected to its entirety in the target position. 

The highly encoding systems can also send the data in a different order than they are used. And the target system would sort them to order what makes that data useful. But the laser communication tools can also use to measure things like gravitational waves. The laser rays would keep all the time contact with the opponent. 

And changes of the brightness are sending data. When we are thinking about the thing that laser rays are transmitting binary data that thing is easy to make. The laser can shut off for zero. But in AI-based systems, level zero can determine a certain level of brightness of the laser ray. So the system can determine that let's say about 1500 candela is the zero level. And all levels that are above it are one in binary number-based communication. 

For quantum protocol, the system must only determine the other levels. What separates the certain states of the qubit. The thing that makes this system difficult to make is that the air is absorbing light. 

x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x

If the laser system can calculate the absorption of the air. That makes long-distance qubit-based communication possible. 

The system requires two laser rays. The first one sends the transmission power and the points of state of the qubit to the receiver. Then the receiver measures how much the atmosphere absorbs the radiation. 

And it can use that data to download the data. That stored in the qubit. The second laser ray is the data transmitter, where a certain brightness or energy level means a certain level of the qubit. The receiving system must know those energy levels that it can start to download the data from the qubit at the right point. 

x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x

The knowledge of absorption is necessary for making long-distance qubit-based communication.

So the system must know exactly how much light energy or brightness is transferred to the air molecules. And without that data. The system cannot release the data that is stored in certain states of the qubit. 

There is the possibility to make a laser-based communication system that can send qubits in long distances. The system uses two laser rays. The other is sending the data of the transmitting power. And the points of the power, that separates the states. Then the receiving system can calculate the absorption. And that thing allows downloading data from certain states of the qubit. 

The thing in killer satellites is that most of them are planned to destroy other satellites. For those purposes, the satellites don´t need a megawatt-scale laser. The long-distance laser-communication tools are also good tools for ranging. But the same lasers can use as weapons. 

Or they can also search for chemicals from the air. Lasers can also scan objects. And the same lasers can use as weapons. If the lidar recognizes the target. The system must only increase the power of the system. And that will cut the target to pieces. 

https://scitechdaily.com/nasas-laser-communication-relay-demonstration-getting-space-data-to-the-ground-with-lasers/

https://scitechdaily.com/nasa-laser-communications-empowering-more-data-than-ever-before/

Image:https://scitechdaily.com/nasa-laser-communications-empowering-more-data-than-ever-before/

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

There might be connections between "Islands of the space" and "Flat Earth" theory

https://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/


Kimmo Huosionmaa

We all know that the Earth is a ball, but there is one thing, what might interest the persons, who are discussed about this kind of things. In the 1980's were plans to send the man to the Mars and for that purpose, NASA planned to send to that trip the spacecraft, there was actually two manned modules at the end of the cable. In the middle of the cable is the nuclear reactor or solar panels, what gives the electric power for that spacecraft, in the distant travel in our solar system.


Because of this structure, the spacecraft would rotate around the central point of the cable, and this would be possible to make artificial gravity for that space trip. Use of two different capsules makes the flight safer because, in the case of a leak, the crew can move to the other capsule.  In this spacecraft would house, and gardens inside those modules, what allows to produce the things like vegetables and cotton in the spacecraft. The last one would be needed for making clothes and other textiles.


The thing is, that this spacecraft would seem like "flat Earth" inside those capsules. The reason, why there is planned those gardens and other things is, that the crew would feel more comfortable if they could live in the space, what feels like Earth. The need for artificial gravity is necessary because the astronaut's muscle would be lost their strength in the zero-gravity space condition.


If we think about the flat-earth society, that could be originally covert-term, what was meant for the personnel, who work with this kind of projects. And this means that NASA was seriously investigated the opportunity to build this kind of spacecraft. There were also plans for making the wheel-shaped space station, by using Mylar structure, what looked like a swim ring. When the space station would be sent to the space that structure would be blown full of the air. The ring would be empty until this thing has been sending to the orbital trajectory, and then the structure would be blown to the shape. In the center of this thing would be docking structures and airlocks.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGTkp4zG83E

The NASA:s concept for artificial gravity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_gravity

https://www.nasa.gov/vision/space/travelinginspace/keeping_astronauts_healthy.html

About the book "Hidden Figures" (Margot E. Shetterly)

https://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

In 1960's NASA hired black American female teachers to make calculations for the Moon program, and those women were in the key role to making the moon flight possible, we must realize that this book is not telling the stories about the women who made an extremely important job for NASA. It tells the story that there are more men and women who are played in the key role in many fascinating and awesome missions on Earth. Those women were in the key role in ending the racial separation, and the advancing equality between genders. In the modern day, every position of the persons should depend on the personal skills, without the influence of gender or the color of the skin. 

The technical staff is not many times mentioned in the texts, what are told about space- and other programs. But when we are going to deep inside those missions, and the history of calculations, we are facing the thing, that in those times, there were no calculators, and the major question is that who makes those calculations, what is always needed for many technical missions. 

Many of those men and women, who made the atomic bomb possible in the "Project Manhattan" are ever mentioned in the stories about this weapon. And in the history of Cryptology, there are no mentions, how the formulas and calculations of the Enigma's positions were made. If some persons are saying that computers are making the calculations, that person forgets something. 

The calculation formulas are always made by the programmer or mathematician, and then everything would be perfect. But without those formulas, the computers are unavailable to make calculations. Even the computers have the most powerful processors in the world, they have no capacity for productive thinking, and they need a man to make those formulas for the calculations. 

There were many claiming that NASA used also autistic persons to make those formulas, what was very important for the Apollo program. If the main motor would not be started precisely right time, the spacecraft would be crushed to Moon or Earth, or it could fly pass the object. Those things were very important for Apollo mission successful passing. 

Apollo-astronauts made the awesome job, but there were many people, whose names were ever mentioned. Those persons worked for motors, airlocks, ventilates and electronics. Many people in the world have ever seen the names of those persons, whose successful work was addicted to those formulas. 

The thoughts about the Apollo program, and its three men crews.

Saturn-V rocket
(https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/saturnv-3_0.jpg)

https://kirjabloggaus.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

There are many explanations for why NASA returned to the Moon, and why they send three-man crews on that journey? The most common explanation for staying out from Moon is of course that the costs of that project would be so huge, and that explanation is the most acceptable of those stories. But if I would stop writing here, I must give you the very short text, and that's why I must start to write something, what is not proven in anywhere. Only thing what is interesting is, that NASA sends three-men crews to the Moon, and that would make social problems in the spacecraft because only two of those crews could land to the Moon. But everything else is pure fiction, or I hope so.


One of those explanations is that the military is testing some kind of weapons at the Moon, and that would be the reason, why the humans did not go in there since 1973. At above this text is a picture of the Saturn V-rocket. In some theories, there would be the nuclear missiles dug under the dust of the moon, and they could be inside some kind of tubes. Those missiles would cause horrified surprise if they would be used against the target on Earth. And some stories tell that this study project had code name "Project Luna". The weapon base would be fully automatized and remote controlled.

 But there are some other things, what makes that leaving out of the Moon very interesting thing.  In some other stories the moonwalk and other things in that project, what was called as "Apollo" served the top-secret or semi-secret project called "Ozma". In this attempt to make the relationship between the civilizations were send the message to some stars, that humans are here. And when the astronauts were sent to Moon, the investigators of NASA tried to recognize if the footprints on the Moon would somehow be changed.


 And they send Apollo to the Moon for making two missions one is public and the second was somehow childish attempt to uncover the secret moon base of aliens, and until yet the NASA would not be given answers from humanoids. and there is no evidence about the connection with the "Project Ozma". There is one remarkable detail in the Apollo program, and that is why NASA used three men crews, and only two of them would land to the Moon. This is the only fact what is shown true in the stories, why humans did not send back to Moon.


Three persons in the small space cause always anger and other problems with social relations. and maybe NASA tested the anger management process of the most qualified military personnel, but if we are thinking carefully the three men crew would cause that the astronauts were unable to make observations because of they afraid fights or anger, and did NASA that election for the strength of the crew because they had something to hide.

https://read.bi/2uyP3Lj

The strange cloud again (The Bird of Prey)

Picture I

http://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/p/the-strange-cloud-again-bird-of-prey.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

A couple of days ago, I was walking in the evening, and I noticed the strange form of the could. This shape is looking like NASA's "The Bird Of Prey" STEALTH-demonstrator. So when we are looking at this strange airplane, I sometimes wonder, how many test planes the NASA has got? When we are looking at the airplane, we must realize, that there are many things, what NASA doesn't tell to normal people.  Those programs are the door, what is used to getting financial support for undercover military aircraft or "Black Budget" aircraft and secret military action.


When we are thinking about so-called "test planes" they can also fly in top secret missions. That means, the bombs can also be dropped from the test planes, but those planes can also be equipped with far more exotic weapons like lasers. The strange shape of the aircraft would help the pilot keeping those missions secret, and if the aircraft is from some test flight program, that could be destroyed after the flight. This would help to keep the combat or recon missions secret.

The unique shape of the aircraft helps to cover the mission, and if the test plane would be marked as the destroyed there would be nobody, who can proof those missions existed. The test plane, what is not officially existed is actually very dangerous if it can make the air strikes. That kind of airplane could be used in some special missions, and after the mission, they can be flown to the ground, and then the aircraft would be reported as lost in test flights.


The manned aircraft can be converted as drone very easily, and the operator would not even know, what kind of aircraft would this person fly, and the computers can make the artificial picture from the outside, and that would cover the real mission. That kind of media can be used for making the illusion, that the mission was some kind of simulation, and even the operator would not know that the weapons, that were used were real. This is, of course, the hypothetical writing about secret operations, where is used the most modern computer technology.


Maybe the satellites, what are supporting those missions can create the artificial clouds for protecting the aircraft. And maybe they are equipped with holographic systems, what mission is to make false targets in the skies. The other version might be that some satellites are using electric arcs for forming the clouds. The reason for making false targets or "pseudo-UFO":s might be that those operators would want to make the air defense tired for false alarms. And sooner or later the pilots would be bored for going to see some clouds, what are mistakenly thought UFO:s. That would give room for real recon planes, what could hide in the artificial clouds.


Picture I

https://media.wired.com/photos/5932674e52d99d6b984de23d/master/w_960,c_limit/boeing-bird-of-prey-2.jpg

Clementine lunar probe and the strange backgrounds of that spacecraft

Clementine spacecraft
(Picture I)

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.com/p/clementine-lunar-probe-and-strange.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

In 1994 United States launched the new space probe to the Lunar Orbiter, and that probe got the name "Clementine". It was the first lunar mission of NASA after Apollo, and there were used many new kinds of sensors like CCD-cameras and another kind of systems, like radar, what mission was to look for the water on the moon. The clementine had the strange background because it was made by NASA and  BMDO (Ballistic Missile Defense Organization). 

The BMDO existence in this project has caused many rumors, that the real purpose of the "Clementine" mission was to look for Russian missiles or some other installations from the surface of the Moon. And the top of those rumors was of course, that the mission was made for locating the alien base from the Moon, and then the base could be intercepted by missiles, but this was of course only one hypothesis. 

There were many things, what was kept secret in the "Clementine" mission, and one of them was the reason, why BMDO took part in this project? Was there somebody, who believed, that there were sent secret nuclear weapons to the Moon by the Soviet Union? The nuclear systems could have the similar shape with Luna 16 probes, but I certainly hope, that those special nuclear missiles are only fiction. The Moon would be the perfect place for remote-controlled nuclear missiles, that can launch to the Earth and their targets by using remote control. The guidance of those weapons would be done with television and joystick. Or the warhead can use the image-identification system, what is brand new guidance method because it needs a quite much computer power. 

The reason, why BMDO was involved in this project is the mystery because that organization mission is to plane the ballistic missile defense tools like ABM-missiles and directed energy systems against ICBM. Above the text is a picture of "Clementine", and that spacecraft claimed to be different, and the real "Clementine" is mentioned be the football-shaped spacecraft, what would be covered the solar panels and light cells. The mission of those light cells would be that they can make 360 degrees image for the probe, what can use as the kinetic energy ammunition. 

Why I expect that is the vegetable "Clementine" is the ball-shaped thing and the spacecraft should have some connection with their names. And maybe the real "Clementine" was the ball, what mission was to demonstrate the way to make similar visibility as the bugs have. Another thing, what might be demonstrated could be, that could the CCD-chips replace the normal silicon panels, what makes the spacecraft more compact than using traditional structure. If the solar panels could also work as the cameras, they could warn the space probe incoming micro-meteorites. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clementine_(spacecraft)

Picture I
https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/image/clementine_nasm.jpg

Deep blue dune found on Mars

Picture I

http://kimmontaidearvioita.blogspot.com/p/deep-blue-dune-found-on-mars.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

NASA:s probe has been found deep blue dunes on Mars-planet and those dunes might be the Copper sulphate , what might involve the water in the crystals, what means that water might be used in the water supply for the Mars flight. Those dunes are looking exciting, even without the crystal water, and they are marks, that sometimes there is been oxygen in the atmosphere of that planet. But as we know this would not mean anything, and if we want to know about the life of this planet, we must search the fossils of the bacteria much more intensive and they should find in the larger area, that behind one rock.


If there would be found the fossils only in the one rock, that means that those bacteria have come from somewhere else. What means that the origin of these bacteria is not Mars. And in this case, we should investigate the DNA or genomes of those fossils. If those fossils are from Earth, what means that their genomes are similar with the cyanobacteria on Earth, there would be some reason, why those bacteria are found on Mars.


And one reason could be that somebody has made secret spaceflight to Mars or those drones, what are send to that planet were not sterilized soundly. Or some meteorite would be transferred those bacteria to the Red Planet. Here is one question, what I sometimes wonder, and that is, what has been happened to the parachutes of the probes, what are sent to that planet? Or have some Mars-rover took any pictures of landed probes like Viking or Soviet Mars probes.


Those pictures would be great to see, and when we are thinking about the high rate of failures of those probes, we might get answers, why those probes send data only less than a minute from the surface of that planet? Soviet scientists tried to send the Mars-rover to that planet, but that was the failure. And as you might see from the link below, there are very much failures in the Mars missions, and the reason for that would be nice to find out.


There have been rumors, that somebody would sabotage the missions to Mars on purpose, but another question is, why would somebody do those things.  But as you see the list of those missions, many of them have faced the fate in failures, and the data would not be been get from those flights. And why there are no pictures of other probes or parachutes in the net? Those questions are very interesting things.


List of Mars missions:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_missions_to_Mars

Picture I

http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/11/15/22/3A67E2E400000578-0-image-a-28_1479249213423.jpg

Fictional travel to Alpha Centauri by using laser boosted solar sail

NASA's solar sail
(Picture I)

Kimmo Huosionmaa

In this text, I would think about fictional space trip to Alpha Centauri by using solar sails, what are boosted with laser or microwave beams. The use of lasers with solar sails would give very much improvements to that system. The problems with laser-systems are that the material of the targeted spacecraft would be heated in extreme temperature, but when we are thinking about the use of lasers as the improve the thrust of that very large sail, we must think this problem practically.


Big size of solar sails would allow that the heat of the laser rays would circulate in the larger area, and that would help to decrease the heat, what powerful lasers would send to the target.  Those lasers, what would be used in that kind of program, might be kilometers long, and they might be stationed near the Earth. Making those kilometers long free-electron lasers or powerful masers is a quite simple thing.


There must send many small satellites to space, and then those satellites must be connected together. In this case, those satellites would be equipped with the particle accelerator, what goes thru each satellite and then those satellites would be made very powerful ray, that can be targeted to the solar sail. In this case, the solar sail would be covered with ice, and that ice is no need to be made by water. Then the laser-ray would steam that ice, and that would improve the speed and thrust of the solar sail. This is the good thing to pump the energy for the spacecraft, that would send to Alpha Centauri in some day in future.  The use of lasers or masers would allow using the power source of the spacecraft with smaller power, and that would increase the system lifetime.


When we are thinking about the structure of that solar sail, we might think, that there would be very many small units in this probe, and it would look like some jewels are connected with the same spiders net and the miniaturization and multiplication of that system would improve the solar sails ability to survive that mission. And when this solar sai comes near Alpha Centauri, it would turn sideways to the star, and then increase the layer, what would face the solar wind of that star.  This would help it to transfer it to the orbital trajectory of that star.


And then it could send thousands of pea-sized miniature probes to the planets of that star. That would seem like science fiction, but using miniaturized probes that kind of mission would be done, and the destruction of one particle, would not destroy all probes, and this hypothetical mission would be accomplished surer than with one single probe.  There is only one problem with that system, those massive lasers can be mentioned as the military technology. And that would cause the resistance against this kind of projects.

Sources:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eiHDCOYgYsk

https://www.space.com/10678-nasa-solar-sail-photo-contest.html

Picture I

https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/475897main_080421-earthsail_3023x2006.jpg

travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/06/02/fictional-travel-to-alpha-centauri-by-using-laser-boosted-solar-sail/

https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.com/

Why is X-37 very interesting part of NASA and Military?

travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/04/07/why-is-x-37-very-interesting-part-of-nasa-and-military/
travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/04/07/why-is-x-37-very-interesting-part-of-nasa-and-military/
travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/04/07/why-is-x-37-very-interesting-part-of-nasa-and-military/
travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/04/07/why-is-x-37-very-interesting-part-of-nasa-and-military/
travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/04/07/why-is-x-37-very-interesting-part-of-nasa-and-military/
travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/04/07/why-is-x-37-very-interesting-part-of-nasa-and-military/
travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/04/07/why-is-x-37-very-interesting-part-of-nasa-and-military/
travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/04/07/why-is-x-37-very-interesting-part-of-nasa-and-military/
travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/04/07/why-is-x-37-very-interesting-part-of-nasa-and-military/
travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2018/04/07/why-is-x-37-very-interesting-part-of-nasa-and-military/

Astronauts, robots and virtual reality (Project CODE EVA (Enhanced Vehicle Agent))

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/astronauts-robots-and-virtual-reality.html

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/astronauts-robots-and-virtual-reality.html

Goetheanums are very strange buildings, what have innovated even the moon stations of NASA

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/goetheanums-are-very-strange-buildings.html

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/goetheanums-are-very-strange-buildings.html

Kuuasemien teknologiaa voidaan käyttää myös vedenalaisten tukikohtien toteuttamiseen.

Yllä: ESA:n (European Space Agency) näkemys Kuuasemasta ja tuo sama rakenne voisi sijaita myös valtameressä



Kimmo Huosionmaa

https://sites.google.com/view/kimmonlinkit/etusivu


Samaa tekniikkaa mitä käytetään esimerkiksi avaruusasemalla voidaan käyttää syvänmeren tutkimuksessa sekä erittäin nopeasti pystytettävien rakenteiden valmistuksessa myös Maan pinnalla. Avaruusasemien kannalta tärkeää on, että sen komponentit ovat hyvin kestäviä, ja ne voidaan lähettää matkaan raketilla, ja koota helposti tuolla kaukana avaruudessa.

Mutta samat vaatimukset ovat myös Etelämantereelle valmistettavissa rakenteissa, sekä erityisesti rakenteissa, joita rakennetaan valtamerten syvyyksiin. Kun valtameren syvyyksiin tehdään tukikohtia, niin niitä sitten kohtaa vähän samanlaiset ongelmat, kuin mitä kuuasemat sekä avaruusalukset kohtaavat. Eli niihin kohdistuu erittäin suuri paine, avaruus rakenteissa paine tulee sisältä ja meren pohjaan sijoitetuilla asemilla taas ulkoa.

Mutta kun ajatellaan meren pohjaan sijoitettuja asemia, niin toki niissä pitää olla sekä vaihtovesikammiot, joiden kautta sukeltajat voidaan päästää aseman ulkopuolelle. Sekä myös tilat, missä ilmanpaine on sama kuin ulkona olevassa meressä, jotta sukeltajille ei tulisi typpinarkoosia tai sukeltajantautia, kun he operoivat meren pohjalla. Ja tuo rakenne voidaan tehdä sellaiseksi, että kun tehtävä on suoritettu, niin silloin se voidaan nostaa pinnalle helposti. Tällaiset kevyet meren pohjaan tehtävät "talot" voivat sitten olla sellaisia, että niissä käytetään vastapainetta jotta vedenpaine ei niitä sitten paina kasaan.

Kun mietitään sitä, mitä NASA tekisi esimerkiksi kuussa olevalla  asemalla ja siellä olevilla välineillä, niin noista laboratorioista olisi varmaan aivan toiset näkymät omaan aurinkokuntaamme tai kauemmas universumiin kuin mistään muusta paikasta maailmassa. Ja tietenkin jos ajatellaan että Kuuhun vietäisiin 10 metrin Keck-teleskooppia vastaava laite, niin silloin tämä kuuasema voisi toimia myös tiedustelutehtävissä.

Kuitenkin jostain syystä NASA sekä Venäjän avaruushallinto ovat jostain syystä epäröineet tuollaisen aseman valmistamisessa, vaikka se voitaisiin tehdä erittäin helposti esimerkiksi puhallettavista rakenteista, jotka voidaan viedä tuonne Kuuhun hyvin helposti luotainten mukana, ja sitten vain puhaltaa nuo rakenteet muotoonsa. Tuollainen pallomainen rakenne voidaan tehdä niin, että Kuuhun viedään pallomainen rakenne, ja sitten se kaivetaan kuuhun, niin että tämä pallo on puolittain kuun  sisällä.

Tuo rekenne sitten tuoetaan rankaalla, ja se täytetään puolittain kuupölyllä sekä mullalla, jotta sen sisällä olisi mukavaa olla. Tai niin ainakin NASA joskus kauan sitten suunnitteli toteuttavan tämän aseman. Tietenkin nuo rakenteet voidaan sitten peittää suojaavalla "kuplahallilla", joka estää meteoriitteja iskemästä sen pintaan reikiä. Vaikka rakennelma olisi ulospäin pitkulainen, voi sen sisällä silti olla pallomaisia kaasupusseja, joiden tehtävänä on pitää tuo kuori muodossa, vaikka yhteen niistä tulisi vuoto. Nämä ovat siis joskus 1970-luvulla esiintyneitä suunnitelmia, ja vaikka NASA ei niitä koskaan aikonut toteuttaa, niin voidaan kysyä, että mistä noille ihmisille oikeastaan silloin maksettiin?

Tietenkin tuollainen kuutukikohta olisi varmasti moduuleista rakennettu, jotta yhden osan vaurioituminen ei vaarantaisi koko asemaa. Eli kyseessä olisi ehkä pallomaisten rakenteiden muodostama ryhmä rakennelmia, jotta niissä syttyvä tulipalo tai vastaava ei tuhoaisi koko tukikohtaa. Se mitä muuta tuollaisella kuussa olevalla  asemalla sitten voidaan tehdä, on jokaisen itse päätettävissä. Siellä voitaisiin tehdä melkein mitä vain, ja kukaan maassa ei saisi sitä selville, ellei NASA halua salaisuuksien tulevan esiin. Yksi vastaus sille, että tuo Kuutukikohtaa koskeva suunnitelma sitten kuitenkin tehtiin, on mahdollisesti sellainen, että kyseiset rakenteet tehtiin valtameren pohjaan rakennettavaa asemaa varten.

Tuollainen valtamerten syvyyksiin upotettu tukikohta voisi olla samanlainen kuin Kuuhun lähetetty versio, mutta tietenkin jos rakenne on tehty meren pohjaan, niin silloin paine tulee ulkoapäin, mutta sama ratkaisu toimii myös meren pohjassa. Ainoastaan aseman ulkoluukun pitää aueta ulospäin, koska tuolloin veden paine painaa sitä kiinni, ja silloin tietenkin voidaan ajatella, että joku olisi rakentanut tällaisen aluksen, joka voidaan pudottaa avaruudesta valtamereen, ja joka sitten voisi muuttua saman tien sukellusveneeksi. Kyseessä olisi tarinan mukaan eräänlainen pallo, jonka ilmalukko olisi sellainen, että siinä olisi kaksi ovea, joista ulompi aukeaa ulospäin, ja sisempi sisään.

Kyseinen sukellusvene olisi siis pallo, johon on kiinnitetty moottorit, eli kyseessä olisi eräänlainen batyskafi, jota voidaan käyttää esimerkiksi salaisten laitteiden noutamisessa valtamerten syvyyksistä tilanteessa, missä esimerkiksi ydinpommi on pudonnut jonkun maan rannikolle, ja laivasto ei sitä voisi sitten lähteä avoimesti pelastamaan. Ja samoin tuota pallomaista Krottikalaa muistuttavaa välinettä voidaan tietenkin käyttää kaikkiin muihinkin syvänmeren tehtäviin., joissa vaaditaan erittäin nopeaa reaktiota. Tuolloin alus voitaisiin pudottaa esimerkiksi avaruussukkulasta valtamereen ja sitten se voisi jatkaa sukelluksissa matkaansa.

https://travellingintimeandspace.wordpress.com/2017/09/06/kuuasemien-teknologiaa-voidaan-kayttaa-myos-vedenalaisten-tukikohtien-toteuttamiseen/

http://kirjabloggaus.blogspot.fi/p/httpstravellingintimeandspace.html

Ovatko nämä Marsista löytyneet pallot joitain kivettyneitä bakteereja? Ne saattavat olla myös peräisin Maasta, ja kulkeutua Marsiin huonosti steriloidun luotaimen mukana

Yllä olevassa kuvassa on kuplamaisia muodostamia Marsin pinnalla, ja näistä muodostumista ollaan sikäli huolissaan, että niiden epäillään olevan jonkinlaisia kivettyneitä hiivabakteereja. Se mikä näissä mahdollisissa bakteereissa kiinnostaa tiedemiehiä, on se että ne saattavat olla peräisin myös Maasta. Tuolloin ne olisivat kulkeutuneet miljoonia kilometrejä avaruudessa huonosti steriloitujen luotainten mukana. Vaikka nämä bakteerit tai jonkun muun eläimen, kuten karhukaisen oletetut itiöt olisivat olleet steriilissä Mars-planeetan humuksessa vain muutamia kymmeniä vuosia, niin noiden olioiden evoluutio on valtavan nopeaa. Siksi niiden perimän muutos voi aiheuttaa sen, että jos astronautti joskus kohtaa tuollaisen olion, niin silloin häntä vastassa olisi todellinen alien.  

Mikäli Neuvostoliiton tai USA:n  tutkijat eivät olleet aikoinaan muistaneet steriloida lähettämään luotaimia, niin silloin tälle planeetalle on saattanut kulkeutua hiivoja tai esimerkiksi karhukaisen munia. Ja se mikä noista olennoista tekee nyt sellaisen mistä pitää huolestua, on se, että meillä ei ole mitään kokemusta siitä, mitä tapahtuu bakteerille tai karhukaiselle, jos ne siirretään täysin steriiliin ympäristöön. Tiedetään että toisten bakteerien lepovaihe voi säilyä lisääntymis- tai elinkelpoisena erittäin pitkän aikaa, ja sama koskee myös karhukaisia, jotka selviävät lähes mistä vain vaipumalla horrokseen. .

Tuon lepovaiheen pitkä elinikä johtuu siitä, että nuo itiöt ikään kuin kuivattavat itsensä, ja tuolloin tietenkin niiden aineenvaihdunta päättyy. Kuitenkin ne voivat jälleen myöhemmin palata henkiin imemällä kosteutta ympäristöstään. Meidän kannaltamme ongelmia tulee eteen silloin, jos tuo tuo toiselle planeetalle päätynyt eliö joutuu täysin steriiliin tilaan, jolloin sitä ei uhkaa mikään muu eliö. Siellä sitten voi käydä niin, että tuo eliö herää henkiin, ja sen jälkeen syntyy sitten tilanne, missä lajin perimä alkaa degeneroitua. Yleensä tuo laji kuolee, koska muut lajit voittavat nuo geneettisesti poikkeavat yksilöt, mutta äärimmäisen steriilissä tilassa voi käydä niin, että syntyy eräänlainen kosminen versio sairaalabakteerista.

Vieraalla planeetalla ei sitten ole mitään, mikä nuo muuttuneet bakteerit tuhoaisi ellei sitten voimakas UV-säteily poista noita eliöitä, mutta toisaalta tuolla kaukana  voi muodostua myös UV-resistentti bakteerikanta, koska tässä ympäristössä on bakteereilla aikaa jalostaa itseään, kun nuo luotaimen mukana kulkeutuneet olennot  lähtevät leviämään jostain kivenkolosta. Tai sitten voi käydä niin, että tuolla planeetalla olisi sittenkin primitiivistä elämää. Tässä skenaariossa tuo primitiivinen elämänmuoto sitten vaihtaa geenejä maasta tulleen bakteerin kanssa, jolloin voi syntyä laji, joka olisi meille uhka.  

Kyseisessä tapauksessa bakteeri saattaa muuttua niin, että se kykenee sietämään vettä tai ilmakehässä vapaana olevaa happea, ilman että solu tuhoutuu. Marsissa kehittyneiden eliöiden perimää on tietenkin muokannut se, että ne ovat eläneet vuosimiljoonien ajan äärettömän kuivassa ympäristössä, jolloin puhdas vesi on niille myrkkyä. Ne voivat ehkä syntetisoida eli vapauttaa vettä Marsissa mahdollisesti tavattavasta kiteisiin jääneestä vedestä, tai sitten ne voivat luoda sitä rautaoksidista sekä vedystä.

Olettaen että tuo eliö sitten käyttäisi vettä liuottimena, mutta toki se sitten voisi käyttää myös esimerkiksi metaania tai ammoniakkia samaan tarkoitukseen, kuin Maan bakteerit käyttävät vettä.  Bakteerien jalostuminen tapahtuu siten, että esimerkiksi Viking-luotaimen laskuvarjosta olisi päätynyt lepotilassa olevia bakteereja jonkun kiven varjoon, missä ne ovat turvassa UV-säteilyltä. Tuo bakteeri tai karhukainen  olisi voinut selvitä elossa avaruusmatkasta jossain luotaimessa olevassa ilmataskussa, tai paikassa mihin UV-säteily ei pääsisi. Kun mietitään luotaimen mukana lentävien alkeellisten eliöiden mahdollisuutta selvitä hengissä tuosta avaruuslennosta, niin silloin on pohdittava niiden vaipumista horrokseen.

Jos tuollainen alkueläin olisi ehtinyt vaipua horrokseen, niin silloin se voi selvitä hyvinkin pitkästä avaruusmatkasta asteroidivyöhykeen sisäpuolella. Mikäli nuo luotaimet matkaavat asteroidivyöhykkeen ulkopuolelle, niin avaruuden kylmyys estää noiden eliöiden perimän tuhoutumisen, ja tuolla kaukana on myös UV-säteily sitten sen verran alhaisemmalla tasolla, niin tietenkin tuolloin kyseisen organismin eloonjäämismahdollisuudet ovat todella hyvät.

Aurinkokunnan sisäosissa olioon kohdistuu Alfa-säteilyä, mikä tuhoaa sen perimän melko helposti. Kuitenkin joka tapauksessa jos tuo itiö alkaa virota kaukaisella palneetalla, niin silloin sen perimä degeneroituu. Ja Maassa degeneroituminen on tietenkin monesti ollut olion kannalta epäsuotuisa. Tuolloin muut oliot ovat sitten tuhonneet kyseisen yksilön. Mutta jos tuolla kannalla ei ole luonnollisia vihollisia, niin silloin sen jäsenet voivat jäädä henkiin. Ja tuolloin seurauksena saattaa olla vakava biologinen uhka myös Maalle, jos nuo oliot sitten palaavat takaisin esimerkiksi Marsista otetun pintanäytteen mukana takaisin paikkaan, mistä ne ovat lähteneet.

Heinkel "Lerche"-niminen piirustusten tasolle jäänyt lentokone voi toimia tulevaisuuden avaruusaluksen mallina.

Taiteilijan näkemys Henkel "Lerchestä", ja joidenkin
tutkijoiden mielestä tällaiseen konseptiin voitaisiin
liittää WARP-moottorin kiihdytin sen keskellä
olevaan renkaaseen. Mutta tietenkin voimanlaite
on tällöin ongelmana

Heinkel Lerche eli ”Kiuru” oli toisen maailmansodan aikainen Saksan lentokonetehtaan yritys rakentaa VTOL-hävittäjä.Vaikka kone ei koskaan lentänyt tai yhtään kappaletta tuota välinettä ei valmistettu, niin se oli aikoinaan yksi nerokkaimmista laitteista, mitä ilmailu oli koskaan nähnyt, ja joissakin piireissä on keskusteltu siitä, että oliko Lerche aikoinaan ajateltu itseasiassa liitopommiksi, jossa lentokoneen ajoviima pyörittää generaattoria, ja kun induktiomoottorin ominaisuuksiin kuuluu se, että samaa välinettä voidaan käyttää sekä generaattorina että moottorina, niin siihen perustuen on spekuloitu sillä, että onko tuo väline tehty sillä tavoin käytettäväksi, että ensin esimerkiksi Heinkel-III veisi sen kohteen lähelle, ja sitten tuo ohjus laukaistaan kohteeseen. Eli ensin ajoviima lataisi tuon ohjuksen tai liitopommin akun, ja sitten se pudotetaan koneesta. Joidenkin tiedemiesten mielestä "Lercheen" voisi asentaa WARP-moottorin, joten sillä voitaisiin lentää ehkä toisille planeetoille, mutta toimiakseen se tarvitsisi sitten pienikokoisen einsteiniumia käyttävän reaktorin, jolla kiihdyttimeen tuotetaan tarpeeksi voimakasta sähkövirtaa. WARP avaisi sitten tien koko aurinkokuntaamme, mutta se voidaanko tuon laitteen avulla lentää toisiin tähtiin valoa nopeammin paljastuu vasta kun rakennamme ensimmäisen WARP-aluksen.

XFY-1 "Pogo"

 Tuon koneen ideana oli se, että koneen keskelle asennettiin kaksi vastakkaisiin suuntiin pyörivää potkuria, joiden avulla tuo kone olisi ehkä sitten nostettu ilmaan, mutta kuitenkin koneen valmistaminen ei sitten onnistunut, koska tuolloin oli edessä tuotannolisia ongelmia, koska sen tuotannon valvominen sekä  järjestäminen ei ollut tuolloin edes mahdollista, mikä ehkä pelasti jonkun liittoutuneiden lentäjän hengen. Kuitenkin tuosta koneesta oli kehitteillä myös mutkikkaampi lentokone, jossa potkurin lapojen päihin olisi asennettu suihkumoottorit, mutta tietenkään tuota välinettä ei kukaan edes vakavissaan aikonut valmistaa.

https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinkel_Lerche

Vaikka ”Lerche” olisi ollut  melkolailla käänteentekevä laite, niin se ei koskaan edes ollut kuin kasa paperia, vaikka sen pohjalta työstettiin pystysuoraan nousevia ja laskeutuvia lentokoneita kuten XFY-1 "Pogo"  ja  myöhemmin Ryan aircraft inc:n toimesta Kaliforniassa rakennettiin vähemmän tunnettu X-13 "Vertijet". Kuitenkin tuon turbiinin avulla toimivan roottorin idea jäi myöhemmin elämään, ja tuon saksalaisen konseptin pohjalta ollaan kehitetty sellaisia modifikaatioita, joissa helikopterien pakokaasua johdetaan helikopterien lapohin asennetun putkien läpi, ja tuolla tavoin saadaan aikaan tettyjä kevennyksiä sekä yksinkertaistuksia helikopterien rakenteeseen.

X-13 "Vertijet"

Tuolloin ei tarvita mutkikasta vaihdelaatikkoa, jolla helikopterin turbiinin kierrosluku saadaan laskettua niin, että tuo helikopterin pääroottori ei hajoa keskipakoisvoiman vaikutuksesta. Tuo nopeuden säätäminen tapahtuu siten, että roottorin putkien läpi kulkevan pakokaasun määrää säädellään. Kuitenkin turbiinin pakokaasujen käyttäminen helikopterin lapojen pyörittämiseen asettaa uusia vaatimuksia materiaalien suhteen, koska niiden lämpötila on todella korkea. Ja tuolloin saattaisi aiheutua materiaalin hajoamista, jolloin lentolaite ei olisi enää turvallinen.

Kun keskustellaan uuden sukupolven helikoptereista, niin niissä voisi olla pyörivä yläsiipi, joka sitten vaakalennossa lukitaan tavallisiksi lentokoneen siiviksi, ja tuollainen laite oli mm. eräässä Schwarzenneggerin elokuvassa. Kuitenkin noiden uuden sukupolven helikopterien rakenne perustuu ehkä kuitenkin enemmän ”tilt rotor” teknologiaan, jossa saattaa olla kuitenkin hiukan erilainen rakenne, kuin perinteisissä helikoptereissa tai ”tilt rotor”-lentokoneissa kuten V-22 ”Osprayssa”. Noiden uuden sukupolven helikopterien tai VTOL-koneiden malli voisi olla eräänlainen hybridi versio perinteisestä lentokoneesta sekä puhaltimilla varustetuista helikoptereista. Tuo lentolaite voisi nousta ilmaan ja pysyä siellä puhaltimien varassa, ja liikehtiä eteenpäin turbiinien avulla. Toisin sanoen ne olisivat erittäin kapeita verrattuna nykyaikaiseen lentokoneeseen, ja niissä olisi siipien paikalla auton renkaita muistuttavat paikat, joiden keskellä on sähkömoottori, mikä pyörittää niiden ympärillä olevaa potkuria.

V-22 "Ospray"

Toki nuo puhaltimet voidaan upottaa koneen runkoon asennettuihin putkiin, jolloin tuloksena on lentolaite, joka muistuttaa roottoritonta helikopteria.  Ja sitten eteenpäin tuota laitetta veisi normaali turbiini, joka vauhdittaa konetta eteenpäin, mutta yleensä tällaisia innovaatioita ei juurikaan esitellä.  Kuitenkin on monia muita mahdollisuuksia tehdä VTOL-koneita, joita voidaan käyttää sekä siviili- että sotilaallisiin tehtäviin, ja joiden toimintatapa voi olla hyvinkin poikkeava siitä, mitä on totuttu näkemään. Jos lentokoneen siiven ohi saadaan virtaamaan kaasua nopeammin muilla keinoilla kuin kiihdyttämällä runkoa, niin silloin kone tietenkin nousee ilmaan.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_X-planes


Yksi tapa lyhentää koneen kiitorataa on painaa ilmaa sen nokkaan asennetuilla turbiineilla ilmaa koneen siiven ohitse, jolloin saadaan aikaan nostovoiman lisäys, jolloin lentokoneen vaatima kiitorata lyhenee erittäin paljon.Tai sitten kiitoratojen pintaan asennetaan paineilmaputket, joilla ilmaa puhalletaan siipien alle. On myös uusia tapoja tehdä lentokoneisiin nostetta, ja yksi niistä on sähkömagneettisten ajojärjestelmien käyttö.

Niissä koneiden siipiin on asennettu laitteisto, jonka ionisoi ilman, ja tuo ilma sitten johdetaan sen siipien yli, jolloin saadaan aikaan äänetön sekä tehokas tapa nostaa lentokone ilmaan. Kuitenkin noiden sähködynaamisten laitteiden kehittäminen on vielä alkutekijöissään, ja tietenkin on olemassa ajatuksia siitä, että esimerkiksi ultravoimakkaan ääniaallon avulla voidaan lentokone nostaa ilmaan. Tuolloin koneen pohjassa olisi erittäin voimakasta ääntä kehittävät kaiuttimet, jotka toimisivat samalla tavoin kuin fotoni- tai radioaaltoihin perustuvat raketit, mutta noiden välineiden kehittäminen on hiukan katveessa, koska nuo ultravoimakkaat radioaallot voivat hajottaa paikkoja.

Toki tuolloin voidaan rakentaa hybridilentokone, jossa ei ole minkään näköistä roottoria. Sen runko voisi olla saman näköinen kuin esimerkiksi RAH-64 ”Comachessa” , mutta tuossa välineessä ei olisi roottoria tai sivupotkuria ollenkaan. Sitä voitaisiin ohjata sivulle suunatuilla venttiileillä, jollaisia käytetään myös normaaleissa pyrstöroottorittomissa lentokoneissa, mutta ilmassa tuota konetta kannattelisi voimakas ääni, jolloin noiden helikopterien tai miksi näitä nyt taas kutsutaan ongelma olisi se, että niiden avulla ei voitaisi lentää kovin matalalla. ”Lercheen” liittyy muuten sellainen erittäin huono vitsi, että sen ympärillä olevaan putkeen voidaan asentaa WARP-moottori, jolloin tuota konetta voitaisiin teoriassa käyttää vaikka planeettojen väliseen lentoon.

Bell X-22

Tuo huono vitsi on se, että Dr. Dipl. Ing. Hans Kammler olisi paennut tuollaisella koneella toiselle planeetalle, ja perustanut sinne natsisiirtokunnan. Tuo hyvällä teekkarihuumorilla tehty teoria perustuu siihen, että tuollainen ”Lerche” olisi sitten tehty salaa jossain tuotantolaitoksessa, ja sitten laukaistu avaruuteen V-2 raketin nokassa, ja sitten tuo alus olisi vain lentänyt kohti toista planeettaaa kuten Titania tai vastaavaa. Eli siinä olisi sitten ollut pienikokoinen ehkä einsteiniumia polttoaineenaan käyttävä ydinreaktori ja tuosta sitten varmaan joskus tulevaisuudessa tehdään loistavia elokuvia. Tuollaisen potkurikäyttöisen aluksen käyttäminen toisen planeetan kaasukehässä on houkuttelevaa, koska se ei vaadi erillistä ajoainetta, ja ehkä joskus tuollainen sähkökäyttöinen lentolaite sitten lähetetään kohti jotain toista taivaankappaletta.

Tuon aluksen keskellä olevan renkaan sisään asennetun potkurin etuna on se, että tuo kappale ei sitten heilu niin pahasti raketin sisällä, kuin muun muotoiset alukset, eli se voidaan asentaa raketin sisään tukevammin, ja siinä ei olisi tarvetta avata roottoria, jolloin rakenteesta tulee yksikertaisempi. Näet vaikka maassa voidaan tuollainen avautuva roottori vetäistä auki, jos se jää jumiin, mutta jos tämä tapahtuu jossain Venuksen kaasukehässä, niin silloin mekaanikkoa ei varmaan aivan heti saada avuksi. Joten ehkä tuo kone, joka ei koskaan itse lentänyt innoittaa tulevasuudessa avaruusluotainten suunnittelijoita, kun lähetetään koneita tutkimaan esimerkiksi kaasuplaneettojen kaasukehiä.

https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinkel_Lerche

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