Water is not similar everywhere.

 Water is not similar everywhere. 

The water on Mars is not in the form that it is on Earth, say NASA scientists. The thing is that there are many forms of water in the universe what is different than we know that liquid. There are deep oceans on the icy moons like Ganymede and Europa. 

Those oceans on single icy moons are involving more water than on Earth. The icy moons like Enceladus have icy geysers. And that makes them interesting places. There is the possibility that some tiny, primitive organisms are living in those oceans. They might get their energy from the volcanic temperature that is created by the tidal forces of the giant gas planets. 

But the thing is that those oceans are different than oceans on Earth. The tidal waves are keeping those oceans liquid. And the thing is that the gravitation on those moons is weaker than on Earth. So the pressure in those oceans is lower. 

And that makes water more moving than it moves on Earth. The distance of water molecules in those oceans is higher. That means fiction is lower than it's on the Earth. So water moves more easily and the effect of tidal forces is higher than it's on the Earth 

When we are thinking water, we mean the chemical combination called H2O. But the form of the H20 can be very different than we ever imagine. Oxygen and hydrogen can be connected to other atoms and stored in molecules in stones. So the thing is that. Those gasses can locate on planets. Even there is no water or even atmosphere.  The thing is that planet can be full of water. And it can seem dry. In those cases, water can be connected to minerals. 

In some cases, water can easily separate from minerals simply by heating it. One of the minerals that seem dry but heat is releasing water vapor is copper sulfate. And on many other planets, the atmosphere can be so hot. That there are no water drops. That means the atmosphere can be full of vaporized water. But it cannot touch the surface of that planet. 

Also, the friction of the high-speed winds of the atmosphere of gas planets can keep water in vaporized form. Or the wind is breaking the ice so small bites that they are flowing at atmosphere which temperature is only a couple of kelvin. That kind of "smoke ice" (small particle ice) is found in the atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune. So the form of the water in other planets can be far away from what is on Earth. Also, the deep oceans of some planets can involve water. 

That pressed to solid form. Extreme pressure can form a thing called "hot ice". In those cases, pressure is the thing that denies the movement of the water molecules. That kind of situation can be on hot planets. And there is water that is far different than water is on our planet. 

https://scitechdaily.com/we-asked-a-nasa-scientist-is-there-water-on-mars-video/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganymede_(moon)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enceladus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_(moon)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranus

Icequakes and icy geysers are breaking the cores of icy moons like Enceladus.

Image 1:This cutaway view of Saturn’s moon: Enceladus is an artist’s rendering that depicts possible hydrothermal activity that may be taking place on and under the seafloor of the moon’s subsurface ocean, based on results from NASA’s Cassini mission. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech (ScitechDaily)

When we think small moons of distant gas giants like Jupiter and Saturn are a nice place for making space stations. We are wrong. 

Those moons are not like our own Moon. There are deep oceans under the ice core of those moons. Their surface is always under strong tidal forces. 

The reason why the moons that have a weak gravity have oceans is the ice core. Without that core, the water will escape to space. And that means the place of the lithosphere on those moons is water. The massive tidal forces are keeping their oceans melted. 

The lava of those moons is water. And the icy core of the moons is breaking because of the massive tidal waves. The icequakes that are shaking the ice core are causing massive waves and that means that landing on those moons would be extremely dangerous. There is the possibility that inside those oceans would be built the station and the water would protect the crew against cosmic radiation. 

The simplest version of artificial photosynthesis is that the solar panels will break water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. At the distant gas giants, the nuclear reactors can deliver electricity to the electrolysis chambers that are breaking water molecules. 

And in wild cosmo-biological visions of the extraterrestrial lifeforms, the alien (exoplanetary) organism could have similar electric organs with electric eel. And they could synthesize oxygen in their bodies. Who knows what kind of routes evolution chooses on other planets? But normally, scientists say that the sunlight is too weak at the distance of the moons like Enceladus. The volcanic temperature can also give energy to lifeforms. So that means the possibility of the extraterrestrial lifeforms is not closed away from those moons. 

Image 2: A satellite image of the research study site on the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica (top). Shows two rifts in the ice from rising and falling tides. Similarly sized “tiger stripe fractures” crease the ice in Enceladus’ South Polar Terrain, in an image captured by the Cassini Imaging Team. From figure 1 of the new study. Credit: AGU/ JGR: Planets (Scitech daily/Icequakes Likely Rumble Along Geyser-Spitting Fractures on Saturn’s Icy Moon Enceladus)

But that thing would happen only in the distant future. The icy moons are interesting because that similar dwarf planet that looks like Enceladus can orbit many stars there are no observable planets. Also, there is a very small possibility that the oceans that exist under the ice core of those moons would swim tiny organisms like amoeba or even "fishes". 

Those icy moons are causing problems for the space probes. Some of those ice moons are impossible to land. There is the possibility to benefit the water of those moons as rocket fuel. The electrolysis will split water molecules. 

And hydrogen and oxygen will use in rocket engines. Conventional rocket engines are needed for small rockets that are getting samples from the moons and atmospheres of the gas giants. Then the larger nuclear-powered shuttles that use NERVA-type systems will bring those samples to Earth. 

And especially in the futuristic missions to other planets. If some craft would land on those icy moons. There is the possibility that the ice will collapse under them. That thing can cause that the probe will drop into the ocean. Before manned spaceflight to other planets is started the unmanned AI-control systems are sent to those planets. 

Their mission is to map the safe landing areas for manned spaceflight. Mission to the gas giants can take years. Then the samples must take to laboratories. For analyzing the possibility. Is there is some kind of organism under the ice cores of the icy moons of gas planets? Those kinds of things are not closed away before the research. 

Images and sources:

https://scitechdaily.com/icequakes-likely-rumble-along-geyser-spitting-fractures-on-saturns-icy-moon-enceladus/

https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/