Change the sound of massive stars warn that they turn to supernova.

"An artist’s impression of Betelgeuse’s supernova. Credit: European Southern Observatory/L. Calçada" (ScitechDaily.com/Explosion Imminent: Massive Stars Sound Warning They Are About To Go Supernova)

The new investigation shows that supernovas are not exploding without warning. That makes predicting those interesting and powerful phenomena more accurate. If there is the possibility to make the prediction when some star explodes. That thing opens new views to observe things like forming of neutron stars and black holes. 

The problem with supernovas is that they explode almost without warning. But making more accurate predictions makes it possible to turn telescopes into that exploding star and observe the entire explosion. 

On earth is a limited number of telescopes that can look at a certain point of the universe and find some useful data from that point. 

Observing an exploding supernova that explodes 3000 light years away from us requires extremely large telescopes. For making observations that have enough accuracy. 

Those powerful telescopes are always busy. And they are needed for many other observations. When those telescopes are following some star, they are away from something else. 

When supernovas are seen from Earth, they have already started their eruption. And that means that the beginning of that eruption is out of data. 

Certain signs give a tip that the star is going to explode. When a star loses its hydrogen fuel. It starts to burn helium. And in that process, it turns into a red giant. In those stars, helium is the main energy source. And helium fusion requires more energy than hydrogen fusion. When the fuel of the star is going to end it starts to pulsate faster and faster. 

The reason for that is that the energy that comes from fusion pushes the star's core outside. That thing decreases pressure and temperature in the nucleus of the star. When energy production turns lower the star will start to collapse until the new energy pulse pushes its core away. 

So when the fuel in the star will end that means the star is starting to pulsate faster and faster. Until the fusion material in the star ends. That causes the collapse of the star. During that collapse, the star's energy production increases to the level where it creates as much energy as it produced in its entire existence until it turned into a supernova. 

The massive energy production means that the shockwave starts to travel outside the star. The supernova always forms neutron stars or black holes, depending on its mass. A supernova is one of the most fascinating things in the universe. There is the possibility that those eruptions form warp bubbles. 

In that hypothesis, the powerful energy impact forms the situation where the supernova pushes all quantum fields from around it. Also, those extremely high-energy reactions are giving information about things like wave-particle duality. Can a high-power electromagnetic field turn the light element heavier?

Extremely large-size stars are also fascinating because they are forming also the heaviest elements of the universe. The thing that makes those stars interesting is that the supernovas can uncover when elements like uranium form.  The ability to predict the supernova explosion makes it possible to turn the observation instruments to that exploding star. 

Are those heaviest elements forming during the normal fusion reaction of the red supergiant? Or are those heaviest elements forming during the supernovas? That thing makes many very interesting thoughts in the minds of astronomers and physicists. 

https://scitechdaily.com/explosion-imminent-massive-stars-sound-warning-they-are-about-to-go-supernova/

Image: https://scitechdaily.com/explosion-imminent-massive-stars-sound-warning-they-are-about-to-go-supernova/

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

Can machines predict the future?

 Can machines predict the future? 

In the beginning, I must say that the world is changing. The great mathematicians like Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906) had not had quantum computers. 

And maybe quantum computers are allowing us to create the calculations that are making it possible to predict the behavior of human society. But there is the possibility that those systems could predict the behavior of a single person. 

Can we predict the future of material?

When we are thinking about the shape of the universe and material. The behavior of material should follow a certain formula. Making predictions of the things that are going to happen. Seem the easiest thing in the world. We should know the trajectories of the particles and objects very well. The problem is that the universe is full of wildcards like supernovas and other things like gravitational waves that might have a bigger influence than nobody predicted. 

If we are thinking about things like electrons. Those are monopolar particles but they can connect in one entirety by using quantum gravitation. Those quanta gravitational connections might be extremely weak. And the gravitational waves can cause that the electron structure will blow away. There is also another way to connect electrons with other electrons than quantum gravitation. And that thing might be even more sensitive. 

The electron is a particle that has multiple poles. And if two electrons would position that the main pulling effect of the poles are between the poles of another electron that thing can make it possible to create electron chains. But if something pushes that object that causes that the poles of electrons are pointing to each other. That causes that electrons would start to repel each other. 

The answer to the questions is why we cannot predict the movements of the particles. Is that we cannot predict supernovas. And other highly energetic reactions like impacts of black holes. The missing parts of the universe. Are making it impossible to predict. What would be the end of the Universe? Those missing parts are dark matter and actually, we don't know even how many black holes are in the universe. 

There is the possibility that in the black holes is a large mass of material of the universe. The fact is that the only known common phenomenon between dark and visible material is a black hole. Theoretically is possible that dark matter forms a black hole. Suddenly in the middle of some solar system. But nobody has seen dark matter yet and that is the hypothesis. 

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Can AI predict the future?

The idea of the mathematical method. For predicting how gas is moving in certain conditions created Ludwig Boltzmann. His formulas are introducing very well how the large gas masses are behaving. But the problem is to calculate the position of the single gas atom in the space. Calculations are made by using the Boltzmann constant gives more accurate answers when the gas mass is higher. 

The thing is that quantum computers are making thermodynamical calculations more accurate. So maybe we can try to calculate the position of a single gas molecule very accurately by using quantum computers. 

So somebody introduced an idea that maybe those calculations are made for thermodynamics. Can benefit from predicting the future of society. The problem in society is the human effect. But humans can also be thought of as atoms and particles. Predicting the behavior of one person is not possible. But predicting the behavior of great entirety is possible. 

The ability to predict the future is one of the most interesting things in the world. Theoretically, a thing called "Psychohistory" which introduced in the fictional novel series "The Foundation" by Isac Asimov. Is possible to make. 

Artificial intelligence can find all data that predicted some upheavals in history. Then the artificial intelligence can search the similar markings in the environment. And that thing can give warning that something will happen again. 

So could we deny something bad happening again? The thing is that we can analyze the society that made something happen. We can search for things that made people support leaders and try to remove or replace that thing from society. 

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Black swans and wild cards are making predictions of the future difficult. 

But if we want to create predictions of the things that are happening to human civilization. We are facing too many wild cards and black swans. 

Black Swans are the effects that happen only once and they have a great influence on the entirety. Nassim Nicholas Taleb introduced that term. And that term Blac Swan means extremely extraordinary but still existing possibility. And one of the best examples of that kind of effect was the 9.11.2001 terror attack. That single thing caused effects that still influence global politics. 

Another thing is wild cards. The most effective wild card is the internet. Things like social media and other things are not predicted things. The internet is like the string where is hanging all the time new services and other kinds of things. So the internet offers the term "wild wire". It's like the wire that connects multiple things. 

The internet is the instrument that makes it possible to create new services and new systems even without budgets. Computer program codes and technical manuals are easy to find if a person knows where to look for them. At this moment nobody controls the development of Artificial intelligence. 

So fast that nobody can imagine or respond to that thing. The information is free on the Internet. That means the development of new technology is free. And R&D (Research and Development) precesses are turning self-controlled. The computers are cheap and every flat has an internet connection. So everybody can make what they want on the Internet. 

Could computer someday predict future?

https://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

In Isaac Asimov's book, "the Foundation" is the fictional or hypothetical thing, known as "psychohistory" This thing s actually the way to predict the behave of billions of humans by using similar mathematical formulas, what are used to calculate the movements of the giant gas masses. The idea of psychohistory would be that those computers would collect all data, about what has been happened in history, and then use that data to predict the future. In those predictions is used similar software what is used in astronomy and meteorology for predict the large mass of gas.

Mathematical formulas, what is used in this action would be given the predictions with the large mass of humans. The reason for that is the single individual would have too many transformers, and that makes single persons or individuals very hard to predict. When we are thinking of clouds, we cannot predict the place of single waterdrop, but meteorological computer programs can predict quite well the place of the cloud. What bigger is the gas mass, the sharper is the result, what calculations would give about the prediction of the gas mass.

The idea is similar than in the rivers. We have hard to predict the place of the individual water molecule, but the prediction of the water line, what goes in the river is quite easy. Same way is easy to predict the route of water if the dam would collapse. When we are transferring this thing to sociology, we must think the ants. It's very hard to know, what single individual Ant would do next, but when we see the Ant group, what is looking for food for their group, we can predict quite good, how those bugs would act.

This is the idea of psychohistory. Individual human prediction is hard to predict, but the large groups of humans can predict quite easy because controlling large groups is very hard. When large groups of people would be released the stopping and controlling those groups is hard. But the predictions about their behavior or direction, where that group is going is very easy. And this thing has caused the thoughts, that there are plans to make that kind of experiments.

Here we must say, that this kind of systems would give sharper predictions for the long time period than the short period. Here we are talking about the thing, that the common prediction can be sharp, but then that thing disappears in the jungle of single cases. This thing is like a highway. We don't know every turn of the road, but we know where the road is going. This is the thing in that kind of attempt to predict the future. Using computers make possible to collect and handle multiple variables, and compile them with together.

To be or not to be that is the question of the importance of mankind

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