Showing posts with label power. Show all posts
Showing posts with label power. Show all posts

Thursday, January 20, 2022

Nuclear weapons and game theory: calculating the force.





The nuclear force must be powerful. But not too powerful. 


The idea of the game theory is that every species in the world are trying to maximize their benefit. The origin of that theory is in the nuclear weapon strategies. Nuclear weapons are the most powerful weapons in the world. They are offering extreme benefits for the states that own those weapons. But the problem is that if the strike capacity of the state is too high. That causes the problem with own military. 

The problem with its military is if the state has no outside enemies. Own military can turn rebellious. In that case, the own military can attack other states without permission. And without outside enemies, the military can turn against the state leaders. Nuclear weapons are extremely powerful. And only one nuclear warhead that comes through defense can terminate the state leaders. So that is the thing that makes nuclear weapons so good. 

In nuclear strategies, the key element is the strike capacity. When weapons are launched there is no return. Of course, technical advances like warheads that can return from the orbiter if they would not detonate are things that are limiting that model. But there is always the possibility that the attacker will send its warheads to the swarm of orbiting weapons.   And that thing shakes the trust for the nuclear armament. 

There are many scenarios where another nation will make the first strike. One of them is connected with conventional warfare. There is the possibility that the other side of war will destroy the launching platforms of nuclear weapons like submarines. And if the strike capacity of the nuclear weapons decreases too low. That forces the country to use nuclear armament against its opponent.


Do you know why "space bomber" satellites are prohibited?


Do you know why the FOBS (Fractional Orbital Bombing System)-weapons are prohibited? The orbital nuclear weapons are not sure actors. There is the possibility that those weapons are not working as they should. The sleeping nuclear bomber satellite can drop from the orbiter. Or the EMP weapon can destroy its electronics. 

Or it can be targeted by killer satellites that are meant to destroy other satellites. In most visions, the killer- or "cannibal" satellites are satellites that are destroying other satellites. So those weapons are not meant to destroy cities. Their purpose is to destroy communication and GPS satellites. And one purpose of those satellite weapons would be to destroy the nuclear weapons parked on the orbiter. 


Nuclear weapons are a very convincing thing. 


The key element in nuclear strategies is the trust in those weapons. And if the trust is gone. Those weapons are not offering shields for the country anymore. Nuclear weapons are a very convincing element in a strategic arsenal. 

And that thing makes them good weapons for treating the other nations. Even ordinary people would see how powerful those weapons are. And the purpose of those things is to give pressure on the opponent state or its leader. 

The message is clear. If you get nuclear weapons or treat us. That thing causes large-size destruction. In the cases of other weapons of mass destruction. There is needed some expert to explain to people what is the virus is or what is the nerve agent? 


If some nation uses nuclear weapons that means. Those weapons are gone. And the third party can attack that country. 


Game theory is the theory where nations are acting like giant macro-organisms. That means the benefit of the group will dominate only when there is an outside enemy. That outcoming threat causes the entirety must combine its force against outsiders. But when the outside threat is gone. That causes the benefit of the certain group of the internal actor to start to highlight. 

And sooner or later the personal benefit of individuals is crossing the benefit of the large entirety. That way of thinking is very well visible in the economical areas. When countries are in an economic depression. Their leaders want to make economical alliances. When some nation has a stronger economy. That causes the "national interest" to cross the benefit of the union.  

What is the state? The fact is that the King of France Louis XIV crystallized that thing by saying "I am the state". So the state is the same thing as its leaders. That is the official policy in many countries. 

So when the national interest requires alliances that will be very popular. That means when the nation gets the money that makes alliances accepted. And when the nation is giving money. That highlights the negative things in the alliance. 

What makes money so important. The incoming and outgoing money is offering clear and simple examples about the things for and against the alliances. But then somebody asked me "where do we need game theory"? The benefits and counter benefits of alliances between nations are more complicated than just economical benefits. 

Things like strategic political and military benefits and other things are also meaningful things. The union of lands might protect the country against the attack. But it can also tie the hands of the political leaders. And nuclear weapons can also offer other nations leave from the line. One purpose of nuclear weapons is to offer other nations an honorable way to make nothing. 


https://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/

Monday, December 20, 2021

First-time fusion reactor released more energy than it absorbs.

 First-time fusion reactor released more energy than it absorbs.



Image 1 Tokamak reactor


I have written before that while we are waiting for fusion power. We should also develop other choices for energy solutions. The thing is that fusion power is near to its breakthrough. But same time nobody knows when the first commercial fusion system is starting to produce energy. So we should not put all toys in the same box. 

But the case that fusion power creates more energy than its fuel absorbs. Is a breakthrough, that nobody expected to see. The fusion power plant could use the pulsing system where the power unit produces energy as the pulses. The thing is that in this case, the energy can transfer to the battery platform. And then it can deliver to the electric network. 

Those batteries can be high-voltage capacitors which are storing the power that is released. When the fusion reactor is delivering its energy. The thing is that the pulsing fusion reactor is not necessary the torus-looking Tokamak reactor. 

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Image 2

"Simplified diagram of the beam path of a NIF laser beam. One of 192 similar beamlines". 


"On the left are the amplifiers and optical switch. And on the right is the final spatial filter, switchyard, and optical frequency converter. "(Wikipedia, National Ignition facility)


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The pulsing fusion reactor can look like a ball. And in that system. There could be the "canon" that shoots the ampules that are filled with fusion fuel to the middle of the chamber. Or two cannons are sending the ionized fusion fuel to the middle of the chamber where those jets are stressed with symmetrical microwaves and lasers. 

In that "ball model" is used the similar technology that is in use in the NIF(National Ignition Facility). If we are thinking of a possibility to shoot the fusion material to the middle of the chamber by using small ampules. That thing makes it possible to control the reaction better. The fusion material can be in the form of an ion and anion. 

That thing makes it possible to create a lightweight, easy-to-control fusion reactor. And the requirement for the success of that system is that it could create more energy than the fuel and the heating process absorb. 

But theoretically, it's possible to create the basket-ball size fusion reactor that bases the idea that the lithium or ionized materials are shot in the middle of the reactor. Those kinds of reactors can use as the power source for the aircraft. 

And then that system can ignite the fuel. There is also the possibility to use some heavier ionized gases where the ion and anion are impacting. In that impact, the point is pointed laser rays and another type of electromagnetic radiation that makes ions and anions melt together. 

https://www.energy.gov/science/doe-explainstokamaks

https://www.goodnewsnetwork.org/us-fusion-reaction-generates-more-energy-than-absorbe/


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Ignition_Facility


Image 1:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokamak


Image 2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Ignition_Facility


Image 3: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/NIF-engineering-prototype-target-Figure-4-Schematic-of-the-cryogenic-ignition-target_fig4_231079611


Image 4: https://throughthelookingflask.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/nif-drawing.jpg



Thursday, November 25, 2021

The ability to manipulate skyrmions and other big advantages can scale up quantum computers.

 The ability to manipulate skyrmions and other big advantages can scale up quantum computers.



Researchers manipulate a single skyrmion at room temperature. 


The ability to manipulate a single skyrmion at room temperature is one of the biggest advantages of nanotechnology. That thing can use to machine nanomachines. But skyrmions have more abilities. The skyrmion can use to transport information and delete qubits when they are used. 

And that thing makes those things useful to act as a quantum eraser. Also, skyrmion can form around the qubit. And that is making it possible to transfer the qubits through the air inside the laser rays. That thing makes it possible to long-range wireless quantum data transportation. 

The qubit can, of course, can be doubled and send through the air by using radio waves. In that system, the first qubit will release its data to a radio transmitter. That system uses a multi-band radio. In that system for every layer or state of the qubit is it's own radiofrequency. 

And that means the qubit can send from another place to other by using radio waves. And the receiving system would load that data to the qubit. But that system is slow if we want to compare it with the system that transfers data in the form of qubits like electrons. 

But there is one of the more interesting abilities what the large-scale skyrmion can use.  And that thing is the power field. Or protective energy field. If the extremely large skyrmion can form around the wire that is in the middle of the aircraft, that thing can break the physical ammunition or even laser rays. This thing is making it possible to turn the protective fields from the sci-fi movies true. That thing is possible if researchers can make enough large-scale skyrmion.


https://scitechdaily.com/emergent-matter-scientists-successfully-manipulate-a-single-skyrmion-at-room-temperature/


The cryogenic chip is another big advantage in scale-up quantum computers. 


The ultimate power of quantum computers is a well-known thing. The quantum systems are at least a million times more powerful than conventional binary computers. And that is the problem with quantum computers. 

If we want to use quantum computers on large-scale computing and control robots and solve more and more complicated formulas. We should create more quantum computers. The problem with quantum computers is finding the errors from the calculations. 

In binary computing, the error-chek is simple. When the system checks the answer, it uses another data handling unit. But the problem with quantum computers is that only other quantum computers can check those formulas. The formula that takes about an hour to drive in quantum computers can take even thousands of years if it wanted to solve by using binary computers. 

But for making new and more powerful quantum computers. There are needed more complicated and also smaller microchips for handling quantum systems. And that means the skyrmions could use to machine those chips. The new quantum microchips can operate by using the low temperature and pressure combination. 

The new quantum materials and processors could benefit the atom superposition in the metal plates. Also, those systems can use time crystals to store data. And that thing is making it possible to make the caching during the data handling process. That means the qubits would duplicate and store or send to the other data line. 

If the error-detection would not see errors in those calculations the stored qubits can be destroyed. But if the small-size thermos solution can be made the time crystals can also use to store data in the quantum USB where it can send to another quantum computer. 



https://scitechdaily.com/after-20-years-of-trying-scientists-succeed-in-doping-a-1d-atomic-chain-of-cuprates/


https://scitechdaily.com/beyond-qubits-cryogenic-chip-is-big-step-to-scale-up-quantum-computing/


https://scitechdaily.com/exotic-new-material-could-be-two-superconductors-in-one-with-serious-quantum-computing-applications/


https://scitechdaily.com/after-20-years-of-trying-scientists-succeed-in-doping-a-1d-atomic-chain-of-cuprates/


https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/


Wednesday, November 14, 2018

The political campaign is the different way to say "propaganda"

https://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

The strange relationship between propaganda and politics is the thing, what has recently become to the public knowledge. The thing is sensitive because nobody wants to deal with propagandists, but the western way to make propaganda is more effective than the way, what it is done in somewhere east. The main difference between the historical and modern propagandists is that the modern version actually confess that thing.

Western propagandists always claim that they confess to making propaganda. Or delivering information, what might not be true, and the modern propagandist doesn’t actually claim to make propaganda. This person makes commercials what are the accepted version of propaganda. And this makes me make one question. What was the role of German propagandists after the Second World war? The idea to hide those men, from the Joseph Goebbels ministry of propaganda was not good, because those persons seem "clean" from the outsider.

They were not in any war photo standing at the front of the skulls or bodies of murdered prisoners. But in this case, the more interesting was the thing, what people couldn't see. Many of those persons were in the key role when the opinion at Germany transferred to support national socialists and persecution of political enemies and ethnic minorities like Jews. But the propaganda was the reason, why those persons were hired by CIA for making propaganda to the Warsaw pact and especially to East Germany, and those German men had no language problems with that thing.

The German version of propaganda has shown its effect and influence because it raised Nazis to the power. And that is the reason, why those persons might be very wanted for making the campaigns for the politicians. And there is one thing, what people normally don't mention. Those persons who made propaganda were not on the place, where Holocaust happened, and this makes difficult to testify against them. They were made the things, what allowed Germans persecute Jews. And that made them responsible for murders. But those men were ever seen in the death camps, and they used the material, what other persons produced. This meant, that there was no evidence against them.


When we are looking at the political campaigns, we can say that the name "campaign" is in political field the synonym for the word "propaganda". And in fact, political salesmen are always users of propaganda.  But the word propaganda has been replaced by saying "political campaign", what is the very good word. But the purpose of political campaigns always gives the candidate influence for the great audience. The great audience is the thing, what brings votes. And the votes are the most important thing when somebody wants to get to the place, where the rulers of the nation sit, and in those cases, the candidate would not always be informed about the methodology, what the campaign machine would use.

Monday, April 30, 2018

The way to think is the key to creating texts



http://kirjabloggaus.blogspot.fi/p/the-way-to-think-is-key-to-creating.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Philosophers are sometimes very interesting persons, and of course, they meet another interesting people. In the stories and writings, philosophers travel around Europe and meet many well-known artists and spend their time in European courts. They always have very much friends and they have of course many connections with European intelligent persons. But when we are thinking about the position of René Descartes as the member of the royal court of Sweden, we must say, that his position as the "crown's official philosopher" was the little bit extravagant.



Of course, philosophers want to be that kind of persons, who spend their life in courts of Europe, but then we must say something, if those philosophers would really live in the royal courts, their life would be very short because the rulers would not always like philosophers ideas. One of the ideas, what was not very popular when it was first introduced was the hidden way to use power. This way to rule the government is very nice for the ruler. In that hidden way to use power, the king or whoever gives public orders is actually a front man. The real power is in the hands of somebody else than public leaders.



Eminence-style way to use power is very attractive because in that model the real ruler of the nation would not ever get responsible for their actions. The possibility of eminence was also the reason, why Allied didn't murder Adolph Hitler during World War II. The only person during WWII who was assassinated by British intelligence by the special operation, what was targeted straight against that person was four stars SS-general Reinhard Heydrich the chief of RSHA, who was murdered or assassinated in "Operation Anthropoid". Here we must ask: "why Adolph Hitler has not targeted that kind of operation, what was accomplished by Allied intelligence.



In that time Allied intelligence didn't actually know, who was real ruler of the Third Reich, and also the mental condition of Hitler was probably in the knowledge of some intelligence officers. The rumors or stories, why allied forces didn't assassinate Hitler goes like this: "If Hitler were assassinated, there would raise some man who was mentally wealthy raise in the power, and that would cause that the war could get longer". But those are only rumors. The reason, why S.O.E (Service Operations Executive) didn't assassinate Hitler was probably burning in some oven after the WWII when British intelligence cleaned their archives.



It is also called as an "eminences". This kind of way to use power is sometimes existed in some companies, what is established by using the name of some famous person. Sometimes we would see eminences in the student unions of Universities. What makes us suspicious is the situation, that the student's union would work against their own interest, like in the case where students want to raise the tuition fees. That is the mark of the influence of eminence. When we are thinking about the situation, that some very public person would establish the company, we must same time realize, that if that person has not trained for leading the company, there must be somebody, who pulls the wires.



Here I'm talking about the firms, what is established by some formula drivers or ice-hockey players. There must find the persons, who have the lawyer or another kind of that background, what justifies them to lead the enterprise-class company. Sometimes we would see the persons, who are the very strong reformer. They always bring their agenda to the public knowledge with the very high profile. And of course, there is always very good ideas, why their agenda is better than others. If some person comes to say, that some system would be better than the existed system, the philosopher would ask one question from that great reformer.



The question is: "what is your position in that new system"?  When we are thinking about the situation, that some students wants to raise the level of the payments of some universities, we must first look at their student cards, and courses, what they are done. Then we must realize that there is always one question about payments: "do you like to pay any payments"? What those students actually want, when they want to get more payments? Are they the highly motivated students, who would get top grades from their courses?



Or are the students, who were motivated in the parties, but studies would not go forward? Sometimes I have to meet university student who wants to be the nurse or something like that. Those students agenda is always been some kind altruism, and they want to do something concrete to other persons, but when we are looking at their grades, those people would not have in the worst case a single course passed. When their student cards are full of failed courses, there would be the new idea in their head. They want to stop studies, and then move to the easier nursery school. And the reason for that new type of altruism is sometimes that this person would want to get access to narcotic medicines or easier place to study.

http://kirjabloggaus.blogspot.fi/p/the-way-to-think-is-key-to-creating.html

Dark dwarfs can erase dark matter. And get energy from that reaction.

 Dark dwarfs can erase dark matter. And get energy from that reaction.   "A newly proposed type of stellar object, called a dark dwarf,...