Why are people who work with quantum systems interested in quasiparticles?

  

Why are people who work with quantum systems interested in quasiparticles? 

“Scientists found that adding a once-dismissed particle, the “neglecton,” allows Ising anyons to perform universal quantum computing. What was once seen as mathematical garbage may hold the key to the future of computation. Credit: SciTechDaily.com” (ScitechDaily, Lost Particle Resurfaces As the Key to Universal Quantum Computing)

Neglectons look like photons. Both of them are donut-shaped particles. And that raises a question: could a photon be some kind of skyrmion? More about these topics at the end of this text. 

Quasiparticles are electromagnetic fields and quantum phenomena that act like a “real particle”. There are many types of quasiparticles, and the thing that makes them interesting in quantum computing is that those particles are extremely rare. Quasiparticles don’t exist for a long time. And there are no long-term versions of those things. That means the wave movement that comes from other particles doesn’t disturb quasiparticles as it does other particles. Because quasiparticles are so-called unique particles, they can create quantum entanglement without causing quantum noise. 

Same way. When a quasiparticle sends a wave movement, that wave movement causes resonance in a similar way to a receiving quasiparticle. And because there are no other particles that send wave movement with a similar wavelength as those quasiparticles, that thing makes it easier to transmit information. In other particles. Like quarks or fermions, the wave movement that reflects from other similar particles can disturb the data transmission. 

Anyons and neglectons are the most interesting quasiparticles from the point of view of quantum computing. 

“In physics, an anyon is a type of quasiparticle so far observed only in two-dimensional systems. In three-dimensional systems, only two kinds of elementary particles are seen: fermions and bosons. Anyons have statistical properties intermediate between fermions and bosons. In general, the operation of exchanging two identical particles, although it may cause a global phase shift, cannot affect observables. Anyons are generally classified as abelian or non-abelian. Abelian anyons, detected by two experiments in 2020, play a major role in the fractional quantum Hall effect.” Wikipedia, Anyons)

Sometimes, frozen anyons are introduced as a solution for quantum entanglement problems in quantum computing. 

“Among the leading candidates for building such a computer are Ising anyons, which are already being intensely investigated in condensed matter labs due to their potential realization in exotic systems like the fractional quantum Hall state and topological superconductors,” said Aaron Lauda, professor of mathematics, physics and astronomy at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences and the study’s senior author.”(ScitechDaily, Lost Particle Resurfaces As the Key to Universal Quantum Computing)

“On their own, Ising anyons can’t perform all the operations needed for a general-purpose quantum computer. The computations they support rely on ‘braiding,’ physically moving anyons around one another to carry out quantum logic. For Ising anyons, this braiding only enables a limited set of operations known as Clifford gates, which fall short of the full power required for universal quantum computing.” (ScitechDaily, Lost Particle Resurfaces As the Key to Universal Quantum Computing)

Neglectons are the previously overlooked quasiparticles. Those quasiparticles look like a donut, and that makes them essential for data transmission in the quantum computer. The neglecton can spin ahead of the data transmitter. And if the system can spin it, that allows the laser to send information to that particle. Ot the laser beam, or information carrier that travels through those neglectons. And that thing acts as a quantum gate where information can travel between two superpositioned and entangled neglecton particles that are positioned into graphene or some other 2D structures. Which turns bits  into qubits.

So what if a photon is a skyrmion? 

We can say that the neglecton is something that looks like a skyrmion or photon. The thing that makes frozen anyons problematic is that they can form only in the condensed material. The condensed material means that the particle is in its minimum energy level. That makes energy travel to those particles. And that forms a skyrmion around it. The skyrmion is the impact wave that forms when energy travels to those particles. The neglectons shape causes an idea that maybe the photon is also some kind of skyrmion. So could there be some kind of thing in the middle of the photon that makes the wave movement travel into it. That it make a skyrmion that we know as a photon? 

Skyrmions form around an object when energy jumps back from some structure. And the outside energy interacts with those reflecting waves. That forms a ring-shaped structure around the object. So, if a photon is some kind of skyrmion, that makes this model interesting. 

There are two versions of things. That could make that kind of skyrmion. The first one is the dot-shaped object.  Another one is the stick-shaped object. That means the hypothetical graviton, the hypothetical particle that transmits gravitation, could be in the center of that donut-shaped structure. Or another thing is that. The hypothetical superstring can travel through the photon. Those things are a good explanation for the photon's interesting donut-shaped structure. 

https://www.livescience.com/physics-mathematics/meet-the-neglectons-previously-overlooked-particles-that-could-revolutionize-quantum-computing

https://phys.org/news/2025-08-discarded-particles-dubbed-neglectons-universal.html

https://scitechdaily.com/lost-particle-resurfaces-as-the-key-to-universal-quantum-computing/

https://today.usc.edu/mathematicians-use-neglected-particles-that-could-rescue-quantum-computing/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyon

How can researchers handle noise in quantum computers?

The biggest problem with quantum computers is noise. The quantum noise forms when the quantum system oscillates randomly. The random oscillation makes it impossible to control systems. That oscillation makes standing waves or non-controlled effects. 

When data travels in qubits, we can think that each state of the qubit is like a string with two positions 0, and 1. When a qubit transmits data it takes that data on it like yarn ball layers. The difference between yarn balls is that each layer is separated. Then it sends those layers to the receiver. 

Or if we think of the qubit as a ball that is like a planet we can think dayside as 1 and night side as 0. Or if we think of the qubit as a ball that is like a planet we can think dayside as 1 and night side as 0. The problem is: how to make that ball turn in the right positions at the right moment. 

 There are billions of ways to make the qubits. Or if there are energy valleys and energy hills on the particles. The energy valleys can be 0 and hills 1. The are billions of ways to make the qubit. 

In some texts, the quantum computer is described as a voltage meter. Certain voltage level gives value 1 and below that level is 0. The decibel meter or photocells can also act as measurement tools for qubits. 

The acoustic qubit can mean that the ultrasound gives a value that is 1 and the infrasound is 0. In the decibel meter, a certain sound level is 1, and below a certain sound level, the value is 0. 

This thing is like a C-cassette but it's much smaller. So the quantum computer looks a little bit like a spinning machine. The spools are photons. And the yarns are electromagnetic strings. The steel or iron wires can theoretically act as a qubit, but it requires the oscillation to be under control and this is the problem. 

The electricity travels on the surface of the wire. There is the possibility to make a quantum channel that protects electricity against the outcoming effect. So if the wire moves and data stays in a stable position on the wire that can help to solve the problem that the Hall effect or resistance causes. The problem is in that thing is this. Researchers can protect the wire against vertical disturbance. But the problem is in vertical disturbance. 

Data or information can travel only from higher, to lower energy levels. That means the other end in the quantum lines or quantum tracks must be at a higher energy level. The system must keep the transmitting side of the quantum computer at a higher energy level. And the computer must be protected against EM. And other types of radiation. The answer can be that the data will be transmitted to the quantum computer at room temperature. Then the system will be frozen and the data handling process can start. 

There is the possibility to use laser-  or acoustic beams to make the data transmission possible between transmitters and receivers. Those beams clean the route for data carriers. 

The system can form a so-called wormhole or whirl through the quantum gas. That whirl involves a vacuum that denies the scattering effect. 

Or the quantum computer must be put in the vacuum chamber there the mechanical noise that the atoms cause is minimized. Also, things like seismic waves disturb quantum computers. 

Things like the scattering effect destroy data. The hollow laser beam that travels in a nanotube can protect photons that transmit data. The main problem with laser beams is that they are not monotonic. 

Laser beams form when particles that are stressed by light send radiation. The particle must store energy before it can send radiation. So there are small breaks in the laser beam. Those breaks allow the outside energy field to fall into that quantum channel. 

The next-generation qubit for programmable sold-state quantum processors is ready.

Superconducting, solid-state quantum processors are possible. The idea of that system is that processor uses a large number of qubits having fewer states than larger qubits. The series of those qubits can replace one multi-state qubit. If the programmable solid-state quantum processor is possible that thing will revolutionize the entire quantum computing. 

Below: The diagram of a quantum processor. 

INPUT

XXXXXXXXXXXXX

888888888888888888

XXXXXXXXXXXXX

OUTPUT

X= The outer core of the quantum processor. The system drives information to that layer. And that layer also outputs the information. 

8=Qauntum entanglement.

The data will be driven to the core of that quantum processor. And then the qubits transport data between the input and output layers. That thing can make it possible to create more compact quantum computers than ever before. 

Superconductivity is one of the requirements of that kind of microprocessor. That thing guarantees stability in that system. The safest possible way to make that quantum entanglement is to superposition the atom's magnetic- or quantum fields. 

Some researchers introduced the idea that the system can make qubits between two mirrors. In that case, the quantum entanglement would be photons that hover between those mirrors. 

In some other cases, the positronium is introduced to act as a qubit. The idea is that the electron and positron are anchored in the same position by using a magnetic field that locks them to the right position between sensors. 

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-computing-breakthrough-qubits-for-a-programmable-solid-state-superconducting-processor/

The new one-way superconductor will make possible the new types of microchips. And it can allow the making of solid-silicon-based quantum computers.

One-way superconductors are making it possible to create superconducting diodes. Those systems are driven electricity in one direction. And that thing makes it possible to create solid quantum computers. The simplest model of the solid quantum computer chip is the system where data travels in the superconducting wires. That system looks a little bit like a guitar. Each wire and the changes in the voltage are the certain layers or states of the qubit. 

That thing makes those systems more compact. Also, that thing makes them less sensitive to electromagnetic stress. The superconducting systems are interesting because when electricity travels in the superconducting circuit it keeps its form. And that thing makes it possible to drive data to the quantum state of memory for resending through quantum computers. 

There is also the second possibility to make a compact quantum computer. That thing is based on miniature technology. That possibility is less radical than the solid superconducting system. The superconducting diodes are making it easier to transform binary data to the qubit.  And the reason for that is simple. The electricity that travels in the superconducting wires keeps its form. 

Loading data to qubit might seem very difficult. The qubit will stress by a certain level of electromagnetic radiation. And the data that flows from the wire is stored to a certain energy level in the qubit. So the energy level of the qubit turns to a certain level. Then the small data bite will drive to that qubit. Then the laser will send that data forward. Data flow will be cut into pieces before this operation. And the remarkable thing is that the system adjusts the energy level of the receiving part. 

The binary data will transform to the quantum mode by using the quantum memory as the medium. Binary data flow will be driven to quantum memory and transformed to qubit mode. When data turned back to binary mode. Each layer of the qubit will load to wire one after one. And that allows the binary computer to handle that data. 

The futuristic quantum microchip can have two superconducting silicone layers. And between them is the photon crystals where are photons. That is superpositioned and entangled. Those photons are superpositioned and entangled through the nanotubes that also protect them against electromagnetic turbulence. 

The distance between those photon crystals could be less than a micrometer. And the system is based on the idea that the data flow will be cut into pieces before it will be driven to the solid layer. There those data bites will drive to the quantum memory. And then resend through those photons. 

https://scitechdaily.com/breakthrough-discovery-of-the-one-way-superconductor-thought-to-be-impossible/

Image:) https://scitechdaily.com/breakthrough-discovery-of-the-one-way-superconductor-thought-to-be-impossible/

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

How to store data in quantum computers?

 

There are two ways to store data in quantum computers. They are different from each other. But they are both useful and they have their benefits. 

1) The data can store in the qubit. That thing requires that the qubit must be in a very stable environment. That storing the data is possible. The long-term storage of data is difficult. The reason for that is that the qubits are extremely sensitive to outcoming radiation and electromagnetic noise that destroys the data structure from the qubit. 

But if data is stored in the form of a qubit that data is ready to use right away. And those qubits can hover between the graphene layers for use in quantum computers. 

In error-detection systems, error detection can happen by using two quantum computers. There are two quantum lines and qubits will duplicate and then send to those lines at the same time. 

Then those computers will first compile the answers between those two data handling lines. And then they can compile the answers that different computers get. If there are no anomalies that thing makes sure that the answer is right. 

Or when the copy of the transmitted qubit is sent to the receiver. The receiver sends the checksum to the transmitter. Then the sender checks, that if the data is identical. If data is matching, nothing affected the qubit. While it travels between sender and receiver. So the data that is sent has maintained its shape while it traveled in the quantum channel. 

2) Data can store in the binary mode. The idea is that each layer or the state of the qubit will drive to the regular hard disks. So if we want to store 5 state qubits, we need five databases where the information from each layer or state of the qubits is stored. 

And the computer requires instructions on how to return those databases to qubits. Each of the databases must have a number that determines where each database must dump. So as an example database number three will be driven to the third layer of the qubit. 

So where to use those data storage models? 

The quantum computer might have two types of memory short-term memory or so-called fast operating memory. In that system, the qubits are a suitable way to store data. And the binary form of the data storage can use for long-term data storage. 

Short-term data storage is needed in error-tracking systems. The data will store in qubits when it will send to the quantum system. And in that process, the quantum computer takes the copy of the qubit. Then it sends the data to two quantum lines at the same time. Then that system compiles the answers. If there is a difference in those solutions. There is the possibility that something affects the qubit. 

But the error correlation system might also use binary storage. Of course, data like algorithms can store in binary mode. But there is the possibility that there is something like a heavy eruption of the sun. Or some strong gravitational wave that can disturb the qubit. 

There are developing systems. That can warn quantum computers about that kind of threat. But the AI-based system can also make it possible that the sensors like gravitational wave detectors and solar eruptions warning systems can send the warning to the quantum computer.

 And that thing makes it to back up the data to the binary storage. Storing data is important in the case,  that there is some kind of environmental anomalies. The quantum computers are the equipment of tomorrow. And they are advancing all the time. 

The new quantum inventions can use to make more powerful quantum computers.

"Rydberg parity QAOA protocol. Arbitrarily connected optimization problems can be parity encoded in a regular geometry of neutral atoms trapped in, e.g., optical tweezers. After initializing the Rydberg quantum processor in an equal superposition state. "

"Generating variational wave functions by applying QAOA unitaries. Only requires local control of laser fields generating quasilocal four-qubit (square boxes) and single-qubit gates (disks). Credit: Physical Review Letters (2022). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.120503" (Phys.Org/Researchers develop quantum gate enabling investigation of optimization problems)

The main problem with a quantum computer is the input-output process. The computer or Turing's machine is useless without the ability to introduce information to the user. The quantum gate that is introduced above this text can make the communication between the quantum and binary systems more flexible. 

There are three main problems with quantum computers.

1) How the system can transfer data between quantum and binary systems. That ability is required is that screens and keyboards are using binary systems. The quantum computer is used through binary systems that input and output data in and from the quantum systems. 

2) Quantum computers are sensitive against outcoming effects like electromagnetic radiation. And even gravitational waves can disturb the quantum system. 

3) Quantum entanglement stays only a short time. The quantum entanglement stays for about ten seconds. After that, the system must reform that thing. 

That's why data must store in fast-operating quantum memory units until it can be driven back to a re-adjusted quantum system. Without that ability, quantum computers cannot handle long-term calculations. 

Also, even if long-term quantum entanglement is possible. Data must be backup copied. The reason for breaking the quantum entanglement could be a sudden electromagnetic impact like an eruption of the sun. Or gravitational waves can break the quantum entanglement. 

So how the quantum computers can be easier to use? 

The single-photon source that paves the way for quantum encryption is an interesting tool. That thing makes it possible to make quantum computing much easier. 

In that system, the data will load to single photons. That is launched into a quantum computer. And then those things will superposition and entangled. The single-photon source can use to transmit data to the single electrons. 

That kind of vision is interesting. And the single-photon source can make it possible to transmit data in qubit form over long distances. For long-distance data transmission. Those information carrier photons must cover against outside effects. And in that information photons will load into the laser ray. And then the laser ray will transfer them to the receiver. 

The lasers or photons can also derail electrons through graphene. The photon will push electrons between the graphene layers. Then the photonic interaction will pump the data from the electron to the photons that are the heart of quantum computers. And the data that those superpositioned and entangled photons are carrying will transfer back to electrons and then to graphene. 

The quantum gate that suppresses the data from the multi-qubit system to one qubit will make it possible to create better interaction between binary and quantum systems. The system benefits the Rydberg atoms in its operations. And that thing can make the quantum computer easier to use. The new quantum gate can help to optimize the communication between qubits and binary systems. 

There are many problems with quantum computers. One is noise or turbulence. Superpositioned and entangled photons are very sensitive against outcoming effects. And one way to increase the resistance of quantum computers is to increase the power of the quantum system.  

A Quantum computer's radiation will push disturbing radiation away from the computer. Another way is to use some heavier particles like protons or electrons for making quantum entanglement. 

The problem with those heavier particles is that they are reacting to magnetic fields. The new programmable quantum sensors also make it easier to separate the information from multi-stage qubits and transfer it to the binary system.  

So the quantum entanglement must protect by using powerful magnetic fields. Those kinds of magnetic fields are used in the fusion tests. And they can make the points of the heavy-particle quantum entanglement stable.

https://phys.org/news/2022-03-derails-electrons-graphene.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-03-quantum-gate-enabling-optimization-problems.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-03-single-photon-source-paves-quantum-encryption.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-03-technique-quantum-resilient-noise-boosts.html

Image) https://phys.org/news/2022-03-quantum-gate-enabling-optimization-problems.html

The new scaling quantum computers are coming.

Image 1)

The quantum entanglement in quantum computers must protect against outcoming effects. Quantum entanglement plays a key role in quantum computers. And the time that the entanglement stays determines the speed of the quantum computers. 

Photonic entanglement is one of the most promising things in quantum computers. There is the possibility to use two- or more layers of graphene. And then, between those layers, the system will create the quantum entanglement by using photons. 

That makes it possible to create quantum processors.  The data would input those quantum systems by using lasers.

Lasers can give the energy stress in the superpositioned and entangled photon pairs. And those photons can affect electromagnetic fields between graphene layers. 

Image 2) Diagram of QubiC prototype showing room-temperature electronics hardware. Credit: Gang Huang and Yilun/Berkeley Lab (Phys.Org/Open sourced control hardware for quantum computers)

The system senses those fields. One version is to install small silicon bites to graphene. 

And that thing can make the system able to detect differences in the brightness of the quantum entanglement. That makes the interaction between the quantum entanglement and the physical system.

The photonic crystals can also help to create long-term quantum entanglement. The speed of light can drop to zero in the photonic crystals. 

And that thing could help to create the stable quantum entanglement between photons. The photonic crystals can mount between graphene layers. And then, the system will use dropping of the speed of light while it creates the long-term quantum entanglement. 

Quantum entanglement is an interesting thing. It can use to transport information between two objects. But it can also use to make an identical copy of the data flow that travels in the quantum computers. So quantum entanglement can transmit data vertically and horizontally. 

Horizontal data transportation means that the quantum computer sends data between the data handling lines. That allows making the error detection in quantum computers. The idea is that error detection happens in quantum computers by simple things. 

The data will double in two or more data handling lines. Data handling lines could be independent quantum computers. Or they can be internal structures of processors. 

If those data handling lines are identical and they get identical results. There is the possibility that the answer is right. If the results of those lines are different.  There is the possibility that the answer is wrong. And if there are multiple different solutions in multiple data handling lines. The answer is wrong. 

The reason for multiple, different answers could be that the input is not correct. That means that the programmers should check the input and the code that controls the system. 

The new scaling quantum computers are more powerful than ever before. The AI-based operational systems make those systems faster than people imagine. And maybe quite soon there is a possibility to use quantum computers without binary computing level. The problem with quantum computers is that the input devices are using the binary system. That means the bottlenecks are the screens and keyboards. 

The new open-source systems can use to control quantum computers. Developing that system by using open-source methodology brings more qualified programmers to quantum computer projects. And the computer requires hardware and software for making successful operations. 

https://phys.org/news/2022-02-entanglement-scaling-quantum-machine.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-02-sourced-hardware-quantum.html

https://www.sci-nature.vip/2022/02/speed-of-light-could-be-dropped-to-zero.html?m=1

https://spectrum.ieee.org/topological-photonics-entanglement-protection

Image 1) https://phys.org/news/2022-02-entanglement-scaling-quantum-machine.html

Image 2)https://phys.org/news/2022-02-sourced-hardware-quantum.html

Quantum computers are taking the place of the number one simulator in the world.

  

Image 1) 

The image above this text portrays an advanced quantum computing system. Some of the quantum computers of tomorrow can use simply multi-channel radios. For their internal communication. In that system certain channel is a certain state of the qubit. And also the strength of the radio signal can determine the state of the qubit. That means a certain energy level is a certain state or level of the qubit.  

The thing that quantum computers are more effective tools to simulate and test quantum mechanics than binary computers is no surprise. The power of quantum computers is so superior that they can make the same calculations that take months by using binary computers in seconds. Quantum computers are the ultimate tools for creating new types of materials and enzymes, and they can map the DNA. 

And quantum computers can also use to control plasma at the fusion reactors. The thing is that quantum computers can also control nanomachines. The AI that is used to move nanomachines can run on the quantum server. That allows operating billions of nanomachines at the same time. Quantum computers can also control the data on the internet. And they can search and detect malicious code. 

The new solutions in nanotechnology require complicated AI software. And the power of quantum computers makes it possible to drive hard and complicated code and connect the data that is collected from sensors. 

The bright future of quantum computer-based AI means that when the number of the quantum computer increases their prices will get lower. The error detection in quantum computers is a similar process to binary computers. The system uses two or more data handling lines. And if those lines get the same result there are no errors. 

Image 2) Bacteriophage

Quantum computers operate with nanomachines by using similar WLAN systems with regular computers. The communication with WLAN systems will happen through binary computers that transform qubits to radio impulses. The thing is that by using the multi-channel radios. Is possible to send data in the form of qubits. In that case, every channel is a certain state of the qubit. And that makes the WLAN more effective. 

The nanomachine can be the genetically engineered bacteria that are controlled with microchips. The system can use bioelectricity or nano-size batteries for creating energy for those microchips.  The nano battery can be a virus where is small gold bites in the feet. When that gold hits with lead or some other base metal that gives electricity. That means the nanobatteries can create electricity also from hemoglobin. 

Image 3) Microchip on graphene.

The small-size or nanotechnical microchips require a new type of power source. The problem with nano-size microchips is that they need an extremely well-calculated energy level. If the electricity level is too high. That means the electric flow will jump over the switches. 

The newest microchips can create energy from graphene. That system captures the energy of the thermal movement of graphene. And that thing allows using that system also in the dark places. The IR radiation is one way to make the energy for that system. But there is the possibility to connect that graphene with miniature resistors. 

Or it can connect with living cells. When those cells will get nutrients their temperature will rise. And the thermal movement of graphene can cause by all possible thermal sources. That thing can use to control the nanomachines. If some medical nanomachine operates inside the human body it requires the WLAN system to communicate with computers.

https://scitechdaily.com/quantinuum-h1-quantum-computer-beats-classical-system-at-game-designed-to-test-quantum-mechanics/

https://www.thebrighterside.news/post/physicists-build-circuit-that-generates-clean-limitless-power-from-graphene

Image 1)https://scitechdaily.com/quantinuum-h1-quantum-computer-beats-classical-system-at-game-designed-to-test-quantum-mechanics/

Image 2)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriophage

Image 3) https://www.thebrighterside.news/post/physicists-build-circuit-that-generates-clean-limitless-power-from-graphene

Are bitcoins safe from attackers who use quantum computers?

The fact is this. There is quite a small number of quantum computers in the world. They are easy to control. And there is no free access to those computers. If the quantum computer is in some cave there is the possibility to double-check the code that s driven by using quantum computers. But if some intelligence service uses that quantum computer. There is the possibility. That it will use as a tool for network attacks. 

Trusted organizations are controlling those systems. And that means the internet is safe from private attackers who use quantum computers. But the problem is that some governments might have a will to attack other states' facilities by using quantum computers. 

Nobody protects people against governmental actors. If the hackers are operating under governmental protection. There is no way to get them to the court. 

The NSA is not the only network intelligence organization in the world. Chinese and Russians are also interesting in quantum computers. And those governments have their way to make hackers cooperate with their military and intelligence organizations. If some hacker would not cooperate those governments will make some trouble to that person who dares to deny their offer. 

In the worst cases, some family members will get in trouble. If the hacker says "no". And the offer goes like this. If the hacker will cooperate with authorities, some of that person's family members would not get a new workplace in carbon mining. 

And one area where quantum computers are the ultimate tools is cryptology. Quantum computers can use to break protective algorithms. The thing is that the benefits and power of quantum computers are well-known. That makes them very financed and very wanted tools.

As I wrote earlier, there are not many quantum computers in the world yet. But the situation can change quite soon. The R&D work around quantum computers continues. And the advantages in that area are impressive. The quantum computers would turn more common all the time. 

And sooner or later also medium and small-size companies can buy those systems. So in those companies may work people with some gang-contacts. And they can offer access to their systems for private hackers.

The biggest threat from the non-governmental sector is that some hackers will get access to quantum computers. And they can use the quantum systems for carking tools. When those quantum systems turn more common, there is the possibility that this kind of quantum system would get into the wrong hands. 

https://physicsworld.com/a/bitcoin-encryption-is-safe-from-quantum-computers-for-now/

New ultra-thin materials are opening the road to personal quantum devices.

The ultra-thin materials are key for making the new type of hybrid quantum processors. The new material is the forming of one atom layer. And they are consisting of the channels where qubits can travel or they can anneal. The quantum annealing systems can be the extremely stable carbon crystal. Between one atom thin graphene or silicon layers. The problem with quantum computers is that the input system for data is problematic. 

Those systems must calibrate to operate in the quantum world. Normal keyboards and screens are using binary computing. And the problem is that the qubit is not similar to a binary computer. When we think that the qubit is like a hard disk that travels in the quantum tube. We can model that the qubit is the electron that has a minimum of three states. And there are let's say 10 accelerator lines or nanotubes where those electrons are traveling. 

So that kind of quantum processor has 30 states in the qubit. The system can benefit the nano-scale binary processors very effectively. In that case, there would be the nanotechnical binary processor at both ends of the nanotube. That means that every binary processor will operate with one qubit line. And that thing makes it possible to make the new smaller-size quantum computer. 

Superconducting copper wires can act as qubits. The qubit's state can determine by the voltage level in the wires. 

1) The input routes to 

2)Binary processors that are loading data to qubits

3)The route of the qubit

4)Receiver and decoder system. That system turns qubits back to the binary system.

5)The binary output to the screens and other output devices. 

The diagram above introduces the quantum processor that has four accelerator lines. There can be four-state qubits that are traveling in the quantum channel. The fact is that there is the theoretical possibility to make those quantum channels by using normal copper wires. 

The thing is that portable quantum computers have fewer qubit layers or states than some super quantum systems. So when we are trying to compare quantum and binary computers we cannot expect that our laptops can make the same things as some supercomputer. 

The superconducting electric wires can transmit electricity in the form where it is sent to that wire. The boxes are at the ends of the system. Are binary processors. That transforms data flow that comes from binary system to quantum mode. And then another binary system will decode them to screens and other output devices. 

https://phys.org/news/2022-01-ultrathin-materials-pave-personal-sized-quantum.html

Image:) https://phys.org/news/2022-01-ultrathin-materials-pave-personal-sized-quantum.html

The first programmable quantum computer is made by using neutral atoms.

The ability to use neutral atoms in quantum computers is a remarkable thing. Until now, quantum computers used trapped ions or superconductors in their structure. But the problem with those versions is that they are very sensitive against outside effects. If trapped ion touches the core of the chamber. Or the temperature of a superconductor is rising too high. That thing causes the problems. When we think about the possibility to make the room-temperature operating quantum computer. 

The researchers must "simply" calculate the resistance of the wire is possible to calculate precise points where the qubit reaches a certain state while it loses its energy. By using that information. The computers can calculate the points where qubits are releasing their information. So what if we want to make so-called quantum brains? What would we need for that? There is the possibility that the hybrid system is made by using a nanotechnological structure. The system's core would be made of silicon-carbon material where are chambers. 

Those chambers are connected as an entirety by using nano-tubes. In each chamber is the ion. That anneals by using radio waves or some other electromagnetic radiation.  The brightness of the ion is determining the state of the qubit. The annealing system will measure the brightness of the qubit by using the photovoltaic cells. In that system, the silicon core is also acting as the independent quantum computer. Which controls the quantum annealing system. 

Light is a good data transporter. If the brightness of the laser rays can adjust. That thing can use to transport data in quantum computers. The laser ray can shoot to silicon atoms. And that reaction can turn to electricity that can act as a qubit. The silicon atom-based quantum computers can get their data by using laser rays. And maybe those systems can operate at room temperature. 

The biological quantum computer is one futuristic vision of this system. 

The use of the biological components will decrease the need for energy in the quantum annealing system. 

If we are thinking about the most futuristic way to make the quantum annealing quantum computer. There is the possibility to use the biological components in this system. If we want to put the cells that are creating light in those chambers we could make the light. 

And then the brightness of the light can adjust by using the iris. So the core of that chamber would be equipped with systems that are looking like a camera shutter. And that shutter adjusts the brightness of the light. 

The problem with quantum annealing or other quantum systems is how to make the data travel in lines. The power of the quantum computer is this.  The system can share data with multiple central processing units. The idea is similar to the book that some school classes should read. There are two ways to make this thing. All members of the class are reading the entire book.

Or the teacher can share the book with all members of the team. And then every member of the team is reading small parts of the book. So the book is shared in pieces with team members. That means every person in the team will read only 10 pages from 200 pages of text. 

And after that, the members of the team will tell what happened during their 10 pages. That model is very good if the data mass that the system handles is linear. So the row of the data is like the book. And it will share between central processing units which are operating with a small piece of that data mass. 

When the system shares data there might be some top processor. That processor is like the teacher in the classroom. It preprocesses the data as the teacher looks at the number of pages in the book. And then the teacher asks, which part of the book the members of the team are taking. When the team members are ready. They send the mark that they are done their job. 

There is the possibility. That in the middle of the system is the light source. That shares data to the entirety. In that data flow is the marks where the system cuts it. Then every single part of the system tells others which part it takes to handle. 

It eliminates the work that has no meaning. The error handling requires that somewhere in the system that makes the similar data-handling processes. If those results are the same the solution is right. 

Then the rest of the others would select from the remaining pieces of data. That thing requires complicated structures. Human brains are the biological quantum computer. But to make a copy of human brains engineers must have at least 200 billion data handling units. And controlling those units is a very complicated mission. That requires multi-level quantum computers. And complicated AI. 

https://futurism.com/the-first-reprogrammable-quantum-computer-has-been-created

https://www.sciencealert.com/silicon-quantum-computing-has-reached-over-99-percent-accuracy

https://writingsaboutmysteries.blogspot.com/

Silicon carbide can be a key to a new type of quantum network.

The dawn of quantum brains. 

There is new silicon-carbide-based material. That brings researchers one step closer to quantum networks. The link to that article is here and below this text. 

Maybe the futuristic quantum brains are looking like this. The 3D atomic structure where the electron-based qubits are transferring data in the electron chains and the atom-sized structures that act like neurons. 

The system would make the revolution in the quantum systems. Theoretically is possible to make a quantum computer that can operate at room temperature. The AI makes it possible to calculate how much power the resistance of the wires is sucking from the qubits at a certain distance. That makes it possible to calculate the point where the qubit delivers energy and where it reaches a certain state of the qubit. 

The problem with quantum computers is that they are loading information in electrons or some other particle. Then that thing will shoot to receive or data is sent by using superposition. In some visions, the qubit is shot through nanotubes to receivers.

But the problem is that the qubit requires extremely stable conditions. The outcoming radiation makes that qubit useless. Also, things like gravitational waves can affect the trajectory of the qubit. 

So, how to make more powerful quantum computers that can operate in higher temperatures. One version is to use the molecular structure where the electrons are traveling as they would travel in the normal wires. 

The idea of the quantum wires in this case is. That they are transporting qubits like other electrons. But in that case, the electron would transmit data in its internal structure. When an electron travels from another atom to the next atom. There is the possibility to calculate how much energy is delivered in that case. Theoretically is possible to transport the data of qubits by using the electron chains.

In that case, the electron transfers the information to the next electron. And that means the information can travel in the quantum computer like in regular electric wires. That means the superconducting wires can use as the data transporters in quantum computers. But in the wild visions, the quantum computer can operate also at room temperature. 

The room temperature operating quantum computer requires information on how much power the resistance of the wire sucks from qubits. And of course, the required information is what is the distance where the qubit reaches a certain energy level. That information allows the quantum computer can deliver information of the qubit at a certain point of that cable. 

There is one wild vision. That is connected with neurology and quantum computers. The idea is that the axons or qubit channels are surrounded by fast rotating plasma or quantum tornadoes. That thing makes the time dilation in the brains. And it makes it possible to create a system, that has more time to handle problems. But that thing is a theoretical way to connect quantum systems with biological brains. 

Sources: 

https://scitechdaily.com/new-silicon-carbide-qubits-bring-us-one-step-closer-to-quantum-networks/

Image)  https://scitechdaily.com/new-silicon-carbide-qubits-bring-us-one-step-closer-to-quantum-networks/

The quantum tornadoes and quantum computers (Quantum tornadoes Part II)

The quantum tornadoes have a similar effect in the quantum world like a sonic whirl. That thing denies that the outcoming wave movement can affect particles like electrons that are traveling in it. 

The atom-size quantum tornadoes can use to turn the laser rays to screw. And that thing makes new possibilities for creating new quantum tools. The laser ray would shoot through the electromagnetic tornado. And that will affect the direction of the light. The electromagnetic tornado can use to create the laser ray that acts like an archimedean screw. Or it can use to make hollow laser rays. The hollow laser rays make it possible to shoot qubits through that quantum channel. 

But there could be possible usage. Also for the quantum tornado itself. It can use to cut molecules very accurately. And that thing can make the new visions for nanotechnology. The problem with nanotechnology is that the molecules must cut precisely at the right point. And the quantum tornado can be a useful tool for that thing. 

The quantum tornado acts like a tornado in our size world. When the electromagnetic whirl is forming around ions and atoms in the electromagnetic wave movement. That whirl affects the wave movement the same way as whirls are affecting air molecules. 

So the whirl is forming the channel in the wave movement. That channel minimizes the outcoming effect of the radiation. When the laser ray and qubit are sent inside that channel. That thing minimizes the effect of the outcoming radiation. 

The ion that rotates in a nanotube can use for creating stable quantum tornadoes. 

The problem with quantum tornadoes is that they are not very long-term phenomena. There is the possibility to make the superposition through the quantum tornado. In that vision, the quantum tornado protects the channel. That is formed between superpositioned and entangled particles. 

In that case, the quantum tornado is making it possible to protect information. That travels through that quantum entanglement. But as I wrote the quantum tornado is hard to stabilize. The electromagnetic whirl is forming around a rotating atom. Which temperature is near zero kelvin. 

There is the possibility to make the so-called stable quantum tornado by hovering the ion in the chamber or nanotube. The ion will stress by using radio-maser or coherent radio waves. Then that ion is put to rotate in the micro- or radio wave field that is shot through that nanotube. That thing makes it possible to create the long-term quantum tornado. 

If the slow qubit is shot in the quantum channel without a laser carrier. That thing makes the conditions that the energy is starting to flow out from the qubit very fast. So denying the outcoming radiation effect that thing increases the accuracy of the qubit. When the point of delivering energy or information of the qubit can determine very accurately. That gives more power to quantum systems. 

But that thing makes it possible to give more accurate radiation therapy than ever before. The electrons can shoot through the quantum tornadoes to the targeted cells. Then the system cuts the carrier radiation. And those electrons are starting to move the energy precisely to the target point. 

The MIT researchers got images of the quantum tornadoes.

Image 1) The artist's concept of the quantum tornado. (ScitechDaily/MIT Physicists Watch As Ultracold Atoms Form a Crystal of Quantum Tornadoes)

There is an image of the quantum tornado above this text. This thing can use to model how the galaxies are forming.  But in the future, quantum tornadoes can also use to protect qubits in quantum computers. 

Quantum tornadoes are electromagnetic fields that are acting a little bit like a tornado. Those electromagnetic tornadoes can use to isolate the qubits when they are traveling in the quantum computer. Or quantum tornadoes could use it to transmit data themselves. The thing that makes quantum computers safer than binary computers is that if the data is tried to steal from qubits the computer notices it. 

This thing uncovers the attempts to steal information. The problem with quantum tornadoes is that they are possible only in extremely low temperatures. On Earth those phenomena are short-term. But in stable conditions of the interstellar universe, the quantum tornadoes can remain for a very long time. 

Scientifically quantum tornadoes could give information on the behavior of high-energy particles. There is the possibility that even the wormholes or at least electromagnetic wormholes would be some kind of quantum tornado. The temperature and wave movement is weaker in the universe and the high-energy particles can create a very long-term quantum tornado while it travels between stars than it is possible to make in laboratories. 

Conditions of the laboratories on Earth have problems with planets rotation. But also things like the radiation effect. And especially the Cherenkov radiation and ground-based radio-active radiation, the changes in the magnetosphere. And neutrinos that are flowing from the Sun can disturb the quantum tornado. 

So if we want to research this type of phenomenon we should create a stable laboratory in the Kuiper belt. The most out layer of our solar system. Temperature and radiation conditions in those areas are different than on Earth. And that thing makes it possible to research the technology and phenomena that are possible only in extremely low temperatures and stable radiation conditions. 

https://futurism.com/the-byte/mit-quantum-tornadoes

https://scitechdaily.com/mit-physicists-watch-as-ultracold-atoms-form-a-crystal-of-quantum-tornadoes/

Creating oxygen in dark is the thing that makes it possible to use fuel cells in long-term space missions. 

There is one vision of a nanotechnology-based system. That can create oxygen and hydrogen in total darkness by using electrolysis. The system would be the nanotechnical generator. That flows on the surface of the water. There is the float and the small tube that is on the down to the bottom. 

The water will flow through that tube and rotate the small generator. The electricity of that generator will use to break water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. This kind of system can create hydrogen and oxygen for the fuel cells everywhere where is water or some other liquid that can travel through the tube. 

So that system can operate in Antarctica or the Icy Moon of Jupiter. It can create hydrogen and oxygen for rocket engines in cases where is no possibility to use nuclear power. So those things can use as auxiliary power supplies for the spacecraft. Or they can use it to create electricity for the small submarines that can someday operate under the ice of the icy moons of Jupiter. 

The microbes can form oxygen in the dark.

There are microbes in oceans that are forming oxygen in total darkness. That process is not so effective as it would be in sunlight. But that internally produced oxygen keeps those microbes alive. This type of microbes are using cold reactions. But the first bacteria that created oxygen to water might use the volcanic temperature for creating the energy for their chemical processes. 

If the oxygen-producing microbes can connect with the organisms. That is living in the heat of the volcanic sources. 

The hybridization between those bacteria and the green algae could make the microbes that can produce oxygen in darkness. If someday there is the possibility to create synthetic bacteria that can use the heat of nuclear reactors to create oxygen. Or the probes can use the geothermal energy of the icy moons to create oxygen for their fuel cells. But those things are futuristic visions. 

Those organisms can use in long-term space missions to create oxygen for the crew.  But the same oxygen can use also in rocket engines and fuel cells. That means the sub-probes of the nuclear-powered interplanetary probes can use the biological component for creating the oxygen and hydrogen for their sub-systems. 

https://phys.org/news/2022-01-microbes-oxygen-dark.html

 Einstein's Theory of General Relativity passes the range of the precise test. 

Image 1) "Researchers have conducted a 16-year long experiment to challenge Einstein’s theory of general relativity. The international team looked to the stars — a pair of extreme stars called pulsars to be precise – through seven radio telescopes across the globe. Credit: Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy" (ScitechDaily/Einstein Proven Right Yet Again: Theory of General Relativity Passes a Range of Precise Tests)

(https://scitechdaily.com/einstein-proven-right-yet-again-theory-of-general-relativity-passes-a-range-of-precise-tests/)

"More than 100 years after Albert Einstein presented his theory of gravity, scientists around the world continue their efforts to find flaws in general relativity. The observation of any deviation from General Relativity would constitute a major discovery that would open a window on new physics beyond our current theoretical understanding of the Universe." (ScitechDaily, Einstein Proven Right Yet Again: Theory of General Relativity Passes a Range of Precise Tests)

(https://scitechdaily.com/einstein-proven-right-yet-again-theory-of-general-relativity-passes-a-range-of-precise-tests/)

What kind of calculator did Einstein use?

Einstein's Theory of General Relativity passes critical tests.

This is a remarkable thing in history. Einstein's Theory of General Relativity passes critical tests. And if that theory is true. The curvature of spacetime is also true. The fact is that this theory is full of mysteries. And the mystery is how Albert Einstein made his calculations? Those calculations stand even they are tested by using quantum computers. 

And sometimes people have asked, "did Einstein use quantum computers"? Those calculations are so brilliant, there are no errors found in the Theory of Special Relativity from the year 1905. Or there are no errors in the Theory of General Relativity from the year 1915 during critical tests. So the thing that makes those theories impressive is that they are made in time before digital computers. 

When we are thinking about the calculator that Einstein used. We might imagine that tool has some kind of connection with Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855) and his student Bernhard Riemann (1826-1866). That information is mentioned in Finnish Wikipedia. There Riemann is mentioned as one of Gauss's students. 

Those men worked with prime numbers. And they spent a lot of time calculating those numbers. It is suspicious that Riemann got his idea for creating Riemann's conjecture or Riemann hypothesis from Gauss. The problem is that only digital computers require prime numbers for creating secrecy algorithms. So did those men have some kind of electronic computer? 

The question is that the mathematical Gauss spent many hours each day calculating prime numbers. And what was the reason for that? Where are those numbers needed? The fact is that Gauss was the man of curves. He is well-known for his work with probability calculations and the Gauss curve is named after him. 

So was his work touch with some secrecy algorithms? Or did he work with sacred geometry? There is theoretically possible to make the curve in the antenna that can resonate with dark energy. The thing is that there are theories that the "sacred geometry" is created for making antenna that can receive "cosmic energy" that is the radio waves or dark energy which is called "dark-wave movement". In the lifetime of Gauss, even radio waves were dark energy. 

https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/d/Dark+Energy

https://www.sciencealert.com/general-relativity

https://scitechdaily.com/einstein-proven-right-yet-again-theory-of-general-relativity-passes-a-range-of-precise-tests/

https://www.space.com/36273-theory-special-relativity.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss

(Finnish Wikipedia page, where Riemann has mentioned as the student for Prof. Gauss. https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_Riemann

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemann_hypothesis

Image 1 )https://scitechdaily.com/einstein-proven-right-yet-again-theory-of-general-relativity-passes-a-range-of-precise-tests/

https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/

The speed limit for quantum computers

 The speed limit for quantum computers

An artistic illustration of a matter-wave rolling down a steep potential hill. Credit: Enrique Sahagún – Scixel (ScitechDaily/Quantum Marbles in a Bowl of Light – The Speed Limit for Quantum Computations)

The minimum time that the quantum gate needs to react is the time that is the absolute limit for quantum computers. The quantum gate is the gate that cuts the data line, and the speed of that gate is the thing that determines the maximum speed of quantum computers. 

The fact is that all people who worked with quantum technology know that there are speed limits even for quantum computers. The speed of light is not the problem because long-distance superposition and entanglement between particles can surround the cosmic speed limit. But if we want that the superpositioned and entangled particles would bring visible or meaningful benefit for quantum systems. 

The distance between the systems must be enormous. The thing is that superpositioned and entangled particles are acting as quantum sticks. When another side of quantum entanglement is moving also other side is moving. But that thing doesn't remove the need for a quantum gate. 

So it separates the data packages and sends them to the right addresses. But the thing is that the quantum gate (quantum logic gate)  is more complicated than the gate (logic gate). 

The speed of that gate is enormous. But always when there is something that has mass. The speed has limits. One of the solutions for increasing the speed of that gate could benefit things like some atoms. The system can pump energy to the atom. And that thing can cause that the size of an atom can change. 

That thing can cut the photonic interaction. The other version is to use hydrogen atoms, and then the electromagnetic stress will cause changes to the trajectories of electrons. That thing can let the energy travel through protons and electrons. 

The error correlation is the problem with quantum computers. The error correction is the thing that is necessary for making a practical quantum system. The answer is to use two quantum systems that are getting the same data. The splitting photons can make sure. The data that is sent to two quantum systems is identical. 

And if there is some kind of difference between the answers. There is some kind of anomaly in the system. If the answers are also identical. The answer should be correct. And when the number of data handling lines increases. The possibility to find errors is also increasing. That increases the trust and accuracy of the quantum systems. 

https://scitechdaily.com/important-milestone-reached-in-quantum-computing-with-error-correction/

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-marbles-in-a-bowl-of-light-the-speed-limit-for-quantum-computations/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic_gate

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_logic_gate

Image: https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-marbles-in-a-bowl-of-light-the-speed-limit-for-quantum-computations/

   

 Photons are the next-generation tools for next-generation quantum systems. 

Researchers at Stanford University made simpler structures for photon-based quantum computers. The system uses synthetic time dimensions and a single atom to manipulate the photons to operate as qubits. The structure of the quantum computer is introduced in the film above this text. The thing is that pulling the magnetic fields away from the chamber or track where photons travel would make the revolution for quantum computers. 

The problem with long-range photonic quantum data transmission is that every time photons would travel through the quantum field they are getting or delivering energy. And that affects data that is stored to them. When the energy level or brightness of the photon is changed. The quantum system cannot calculate the necessary states of the qubit. And that destroys data. 

Removing the quantum fields from the way of photons would remove also the outcoming effects and that thing makes it possible to create more accurate and safer data handling tools than ever before. 

The ability to stop photons is also making it possible to load data to them more accurately than ever before. The stopped photons that are trapped in photon crystals can stress by using electromagnetic radiation. And those photons can also use as data storage. 

Hypothetical free-photon lasers that use stopped photons could be the most accurate systems in the world. If that system is possible to create. The idea of free-photon lasers is that the photon cloud is stopped, and the electromagnetic stress will affect those stopped photons that are sending the wave movement. 

Stopped photons are also making it possible to create more powerful and more accurate lasers than ever before. The "photonic lasers" are creating the laser ray by using the cloud of stopped photons. Those photons will stress by using radiation, and they could work just like free-electron lasers. But the wavelength of those particles would be shorter than free-electron lasers. 

The reason for that is that. The wave movement comes out from standing photons. This kind of very accurate scanner that bases the technology where stopped photons would stress by using radiation can use to take images of the atoms and single electrons. The free-photon laser is theoretically possible to make. And the requirement for that system is that the stop of photon cloud is possible 

Sources:

https://scitechdaily.com/stanfords-simple-new-quantum-computer-design-photonic-computation-in-a-synthetic-time-dimension/

https://phys.org/news/2021-12-capture-photons-wall.html

Image: https://scitechdaily.com/stanfords-simple-new-quantum-computer-design-photonic-computation-in-a-synthetic-time-dimension/

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

The new bizarre Wigner crystal is made purely of electrons.

 The new bizarre Wigner crystal is made purely of electrons. 

The new large-size Wigner crystal is made of pure electrons. That kind of structure can make it possible to create a new type of time crystals. The time crystals are the thing that is the "quantum-size perpetual motion machine".  The atoms are in repetitive movement in time crystals. 

Which means the energy is surrounding through the atom row. And then it would return to the quantum field that surrounds the atom row which sways back and forth. Making that quantum perpetual machine real the system requires a minimum energy level. 

The thing is that the time crystal can transfer and store data in a quantum computer. But that thing can also use to create zero-point energy. The outcome radiation will increase the energy level of the atoms in the time crystals. 

And that energy can transfer to the Bose-Einstein condensate. But the time crystal can also be used to load electrons to storage. And the electron-based Wigner is one of the most fundamental electric storage in history. 

But the thing is that the Wigner crystal that is made by using only electrons is stopped electricity. That thing can make it possible to create an extremely high energetic battery. If the electrons are stored in the flowing Wigner crystal they can conduct to the electric circuit or particle accelerators. 

There are two ways to increase the speed of the electrons in the electric wire. The first is to increase the number of released electrons. And the second one is to connect the object where is a loss of electrons to the electric wire.  When some atoms are losing electrons that means they are traveling away from it. 

When electrons are leaving their atom. They are leaving a hole in the electron core. The other electrons would fill those places in the electron cores. The flow of electrons and electricity is based on that phenomenon. If the flowing electrons in that pure electron Wigner crystal are surrounded with positive ions the electrons are traveling to the cores of those ions. 

This new Wigner crystal can benefit from the new type of motor and ultra-powerful acoustic solutions. 

If we would make the Wigner crystal by using only electrons. That thing can raise the speed of sound higher than it's in the neutron stars. And that system can make the new type of motors possible. When the soundwave travels through that material it releases its kinetic energy to the air while it slows its speed. 

The speed of sound is increasing when the particles of the material are turning smaller. The metallic hydrogen would make the ultimate membrane for increasing the speed of soundwaves. But if the membrane is made by using protons or neutrons that thing can make it possible to increase the speed of sound to an extreme level. 

When we are thinking about the possibility to send soundwaves through metallic hydrogen. That thing means when the soundwaves would face atmosphere. It would slow and release their energy as in the form of the blast. 

The speed of sound could be 180 000 km/s in the neutron star. But it could be higher in the Wigner crystal. The reason for that is that the electrons are smaller than the neutrons. And the top of the speed of sound would be in the quark material. If somewhere in the star that is formed of the quarks the speed of sound would be even higher in that star than in neutron stars. 

When we think about the speed of sound inside a neutron star it's 60% of the speed of light. If we would make the extremely thin.  And at the same thick material that has the same density as neutron stars. There is the possibility to make the soundwave that travels at extremely high speed. 

The idea is that. There is made the neutron membrane by using neutrons that are pushed together by using electromagnetic fields. Or two Wigner crystals. Then the soundwave would send through that structure. The speed of sound would be extreme when it strikes to air. And when it slows it releases an extremely high energy level. 

That kind of system where the connected neutrons are increasing the speed of sound. Can use as jet engines in the air. But that thing can use to create extremely devastating weapons. Making this thing real there must make a layer where the material is similar to neutron stars. 

https://www.quantamagazine.org/physicists-create-a-bizarre-wigner-crystal-made-purely-of-electrons-20210812/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_crystal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigner_crystal

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

The time crystals and quantum level "perpetual motion machine"

"An artist’s impression of a discrete time-crystal composed of nine qubits represented by the nuclear spins of nine carbon-13 atoms in diamond. The chain of connected spins is locked in a phase where they periodically invert their states. Credit: Joe Randall and Tim Taminiau, courtesy of QuTech" (https://scitechdaily.com/creating-time-crystals-using-new-quantum-computing-architectures/)

The model of a time crystal is the box where atoms are jumping between walls "forever". The main reason why this thing is possible only on an atom-size scale is that the friction would slow the ball.  But theoretically, it is possible to make the box. There the ball or ball chain is jumping between the walls forever. 

The quantum level perpetual motion machine would work like this. The atom hits the wall of the box. Then it would just move energy to that box jump away. And then the energy would reload to the ball at the opposite side of the box. But as I just wrote, this thing is possible only in quantum-level systems. 

The time crystals can be used to store the data in quantum computers. And theoretically, they can offer one version of the secure, quantum data transmission. The chain of extremely cold ions or atoms would store in the laser ray.  And they can use to transmit data in quantum systems. The time crystals can form quantum transistors. 

The researchers of Google made it real. The first-time crystal that doesn't need the outcoming energy is real. And that makes it possible to transmit data through that system. The image above this text introduces a diagram of this new time crystal. 

Time crystals or the atom chains that sway back and forth. The time crystal is the quantum material where atoms are not going to a stable condition. When atoms are pushed they are starting to sway. And then they are continuing their movement without outer force. The time crystal is the quantum-level perpetual motion machine. But as you know the quantum level phenomenon cannot turn to a larger scale right away. 

The existence of those things needs extremely low temperature. The idea of a time crystal is that the atoms that are forming this state of matter are like in the box. The box or the core is the quantum field. And there is the chain of atoms in the box. 

Energy flow travels through the atom chain and the quantum field that surrounds the atom chain. When an atom hits the quantum field it would load energy into that core and then rebound. Then energy will transfer to the other side of the atom chain. And transfer to the opposite atom of the chain. The idea is that this kind of closed energy cycle system is an interesting thing. But making it larger than atom size is difficult or impossible. 

https://www.livescience.com/google-invents-time-crystal

https://www.quantamagazine.org/first-time-crystal-built-using-googles-quantum-computer-20210730/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_crystal

Image:https://scitechdaily.com/creating-time-crystals-using-new-quantum-computing-architectures/

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

A short tale about quantum computers

https://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Biggest and the most difficult problems of creating the quantum computer are to make a processor, what can make real multitasking and making the command language for that thing. The idea of the regular computer is that it would use binary numbers one and zero for making its tasks. Use of those numbers is very simple. Number one is the thing when there is voltage in the wire, and zero is the situation that the wire inside the processor is without electricity.

The binary system, what is used in computers is the thing what is created by mathematicians like Johan von Neumann, for ENIAC computer. And after that, every single computer have used that kind of architecture. If there would be another programming architecture the computer would not able to handle the data, that is stored in the elder databases. If the system what is using zero and one would be replaced by some other would the elder databases become useless, and storing that data again is a very hard process.

Also, the system what would replace the binary code in processors is hard to create. But if there would be a regular computer as the translator for the commands, what would give to the quantum computer, that would make the dream true. There would be many problems with the screens, and how they handle the data, what comes from the quantum computer. The most difficult thing would be, that the output device will be slow, and the quantum computer is very fast in comparison with regular computers. The technology, what is planned to use in the production of quantum processor would make possible to create a compact computer, what can be installed in human-size robots.

The real life that means that the regular processor can make only one task per operand, what makes it very slow when we are handling very big databases. When we are thinking about multitasking in the operating systems like Windows there is one thing that has ever mentioned. The multitasking in those operating systems is virtual, what means that we can, of course, open many programs at the same time to screen, but the processor would handle them by one by one.

In the Windows that is done by the way, that the program would leave handler in the memory of the computer, and if the window is open, will the code of program very easy to find from memory. This means when the user uses another program, would the unused program remove most of its code from the memory, and a small part of it would leave as the trigger in the memory, and the user can activate the program by clicking the icon or window of the program. If the processor would be the quantum processor, those programs can run in real mode.

When we are thinking that some calculations would be done backward with a regular computer, that means the computer would switch between programs and calculation. Modern computers are very fast,  and that thing would not disturb anybody until the needed calculations are on a very massive scale. When computer calculates extreme long series like prime numbers by using Riemann's conjecture would there need to calculate billions of numbers.

And in that kind of cases, the calculation power of the modern computers would not be enough. If the computer would be cooled in the superconducting temperature, would that make it faster, but the thing what is needed is the real multitasking. The quantum computer would give the mathematicians ability to create extremely large simulations, and that gives also the ability to drive extremely large databases at very high speed, in the real world the system what uses real multitasking have been tried to make by creating processors, where is installed multiple processors in the structure, and that is called multi-core processor. Quantum processor would be used by using another computer, and in that case, the normal computer would translate the commands to the quantum processor. And that would be making that computer real thing.