The phase singularity. It’s like a miniature WARP bubble that can travel faster than light.

The phase singularity is the bubble of emptiness. It can travel between quantum field strings. So that means that. The phase singularity can reach its goal sooner than a photon. The phase singularity doesn’t break laws of physics. It just travels a more direct route than a photon. The phase singularity is like a quasiparticle. The phase singularity. It travels a shorter route. Than a photon that makes curves, and that makes it possible for that phase singularity. 

It can reach the goal before a photon. Not because it’s faster than light.  But because it travels in a straight line. 

The bubble of nothing in the quantum beam. This means that we can describe the phase singularity as a quantum-sized WARP bubble. 

Can we sometimes form a wormhole? Theoretically, we can make a quantum version of that phenomenon. A theoretical wormhole. It is like the stretched WARP bubble. The theoretical WARP bubble is the bubble of emptiness. 

Theoretically, a WARP bubble is similar to that thing. That researchers call a phase singularity. Theoretically, a phase singularity can form because a photon starts to spin. This photon takes the quantum field with it. That could form the bubble. If that spin continues, the bubble starts to stretch. This wormhole cannot transport complex structures. But that could transport a single photon through it. 

Then the photon starts to create the quantum tornado. This phenomenon. It can form an environment where the spinning structure. It locks most of the energy out from that structure. 

Darkness can travel faster than light. Or maybe we should say that phase singularities. Or an optical vortex in a light beam. It can travel faster than light. The light beam can make a quantum roll around the microvoids. And the optical vortex is one kind of microvoid. The miniature void is a lower-energy space. The quantum fields form energy flows that are like wind. We can think of a light beam as paper that the quantum wind curves. And if that wind is strong enough. That turns the light into a roll. This thing forms the quantum maser effect in that tunnel. 

There is a structure that starts to stretch that quantum tube. The spinning light tube starts to take quantum fields with it. And that thing extends the quantum tornado. That quantum tornado forms the structure. 

Called: phase singularity. This thing means that. In those light beams is an environment. There, light can travel faster than it travels outside it. 

The phase singularity is like a bubble that forms between light beams. That phase can be described as the empty bubble. And that means we could compare the WARP bubble with a phase singularity. This means that we could make the phase singularity. And put a photon inside it. This means that a phase singularity could transport a photon and protect information inside it. This doesn’t mean that the phase singularity could transport more than one photon. But. It could protect information in a photon. That travels in it. 

A phase singularity can transport a photon or frozen light beam very fast. If. We want to compare that quantum WARP with sci-fi WARP. This thing. It can carry one single particle. 

In a phase singularity. The phase of the light. It is not determined. The amplitude or strength. In this structure, it is zero. This means that when we say that the darkness travels faster. Than. The speed of light. We mean that the amplitude is zero. It can travel faster than light. 

When we think about the shape of the light. And especially the photon. The light particle, the photon, looks like a donut. This means that those light particles. They can travel faster than light. Without breaking. The laws of physics. And if the photon spins fast in the phase singularity. That makes it possible to transport a photon into the past. 

There is one thing. That can travel faster than a photon. That is another photon. That travels in the environment. There, a photon can travel faster than a photon in another environment. 

If. The photon travels lying down. The photon can spin. And that thing can cause a situation. There is one side of the photon. It travels faster than the other side. 

When we think. The speed of light. Or which photon is faster. We must realize one thing. All photons have the same speed. We talk about the speed of photons. And the speed of light. We must determine the question using the term. Which photon reaches the goal first? The answer is simple. The photon that follows a less curved trajectory. So the photon that travels along a straight line reaches the goal faster. Or. sooner than the photon that makes more curves. 

The situation is like two cars driving side by side. Both cars travel 100 km/h. The first car travels in a straight line. The second car makes curves. The second car reaches the goal later. Because. It traveled a longer distance. Each curve that the car makes extends the journey. So the reason the photon that travels straight reaches the goal before. Is that the straight-moving photon travels a shorter distance. Than. The photon that makes curves. 

https://physicsworld.com/a/darkness-can-travel-faster-than-light/

https://www.sciencealert.com/physicists-found-something-that-can-move-faster-than-light-the-darkness-inside-it

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcubierre_drive

Gravastars and the matrioshka universe.

“An expanding mini-universe could counterbalance the collapsing matter of a star, thereby creating a stable gravastar. Credit: Daniel Jampolski and Luciano Rezzolla, Goethe University Frankfurt” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Say a New Universe Could Form Inside a Dying Star)

“A new study suggests that the collapse of a massive star could spark the creation of a tiny expanding universe rather than a black hole. The resulting object, called a gravastar, would avoid the singularity and event horizon that make black holes so puzzling.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Say a New Universe Could Form Inside a Dying Star)

The hole in the Higgs field. It denies the gravitational interaction between the center. And  its environment. The gravastar forms when an exploding star. It will form the shell. All the mass of the star is in that shell. And that makes. The symmetrical gravitational pull inside that star. This thing can even rip a hole in the Higgs field. 

And that means. It's possible that there is no Higgs field at some point. Even a small mass around that bubble can keep that structure stable. The idea is that the entire mass of the structure is around that bubble. 

This means that the black holes can be multiple independent phenomena. The idea of gravastars is this: When a star. It is far more massive than. The Betelgeuse or red supergiant. It falls as a supergiant. When its energy production ends. But that causes a situation in the falling star’s fusion restarts again. The star packs material into its core. And that causes such a strong energy burst that the matter will be erased. The powerful radiation rips the star into pieces. And if that matter spreads too far. That denies the possibility. That gravity. It cannot pull that nebula back together. 

A black hole forms after the supernova explosion when gravity pulls matter back together. But if the radiation that the explosion forms is too powerful. That thing can rip a hole into the Higgs field. The Higgs field is the base energy field in the universe. That field carries gravitational waves. Or, gravity waves are a wave movement in that field. And without that field, there is no gravity. If there is no Higgs field. There. The gravitational center cannot touch. That thing denies gravitational interaction between the center and the environment. 

“A diagram comparing the structure of a classical black hole with a gravastar.” (Wikipedia, A diagram comparing the structure of a classical black hole with a gravastar.)

Can there be other universes inside our universe? 

A gravitational wave is like a ditch that travels through the universe. The energy hill between those ditches always turns lower. The reason for that is the expansion of the universe. When. The energy ditch. Or a lower energy point in the Higgs field impact object. The energy hill behind that energy ditch pushes objects into that energy ditch. The most reasonable reason. For why does gravity act only in one direction? 

It is in the universe’s expansion. When the universe expands. That turns the Higgs field weaker. This means that the energy hills between gravity waves are always lower. And because of the energy hill behind the object. What we look at from the gravity center is always higher. Than. The next one. That means that energy hills behind objects push particles into the gravitational center. This means that later energy hills. Between those energy ditches. always turn out to be lower. And that raises a question. Could there be two kinds of gravitational effects? The long-distance wave effect. 

And the short-distance effect. There. A fast-spinning object. Roll quantum fields around them. And then there is a question: can there be gravitational vacuums in the universe? The idea is that the Higgs field is that. The Higgs field delivers gravitational waves. Or, gravitation is a phenomenon that uses the Higgs field  as a transporter. So if there is a hole in the Higgs field. Or base-energy field in the universe. There is no gravity at that point. Because of that. The gravitational wave motion. It  cannot reach objects inside those bubbles. 

When an ultra-heavy star dies, it can form a structure that is weirder than a black hole. The object is called a gravastar. Or, a gravitational vacuum star. The idea is that. When the supernova explosion is strong enough. That thing can form a situation. There. In the gravitational field. Or, in the Higgs field, forms a bubble. If there is no Higgs field. There is no gravity. And that means there forms a gravitational vacuum. There is no gravitation at all. 

The gravastar is hard to detect. Or it doesn’t differ much in black holes. So, the gravastar might look like a black hole. When we think about the supernova explosions. Those violent events destroy entropy. And that means that. At that point. The speed of light is higher than the speed of light around it. So when the supernova explosion sends particles that travel behind the shockwave. ‘

Those particles travel faster than they could travel outside that shockwave. When particles reach that plasma wave. They release energy into that thing.  The plasma shockwave travels behind the radiation. And the scattering effect is strongest. Radiation. The explosion pushes material out from the star. And if the explosion is strong enough. And it forms at the point. That is small enough. That can destroy a star in its way. That the black hole will not form. 

The matrioshka universe means a universe. That is full of internal structures. This means that the universe is like a matryoshka doll. Full of internal universes. And maybe we. Or the universe that we know. It is part of some larger universe. 

But the idea of the universe. That form in the giant star explosion base. It is in the wave-particle duality. When a shockwave travels out from the supernova. It travels through the base energy field. This event forms energy whirls behind that shockwave. 

And this causes a situation. There, those energy whirls start to crystallize into particles. This is one version of the models and hypotheses that suggest that we are living in a black hole. This theory suggests that we are in a black hole. That could be inside other black holes. But the problem is: why can't we see those other universes? The answer. It is suggested that the black hole’s event horizon mixes the information in the form. That we cannot detect. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-say-a-new-universe-could-form-inside-a-dying-star/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravastar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_field_(classical)

Negative time is measured in photons.

“A quantum physics experiment showed photons can exhibit negative dwell time while traveling through atoms. Scientists confirmed the phenomenon using weak measurements that minimally disturbed the system. Credit: Shutterstock.” (ScitechDaily, Physicists Have Measured “Negative Time” in Bizarre Quantum Experiment)

The measurement was made when photons traveled through the radium atom cloud. In that measurement, the photons arrived at the goal. Before they should. This thing happened. Because at some point, those photons crossed the speed of light. That point is the radiation field around those radium atoms. This means that. The speed of light is different. In that radium atom cloud than outside it. The radium is highly radioactive material. Those atoms send gamma rays. This is the reason. For why that time effect is seen in radium atom clouds. But not in stable atom clouds. 

There is also beta and alpha decay. But in this case, the key element is the gamma rays. Those gamma rays change entropy in the system. And that forms space. There, the speed of light differs from the environment outside that atom cloud. In normal cases, the speed of light is always the fastest. Or, nothing can travel faster than a photon. But the speed of light depends on the environment. In vacuum, the speed of light is 299792458 m/s. In water, the speed of light is 225000000 m/s. 

The lack of entropy makes it possible to create the “hyper drives” and tractor beams. And in the radium atom cloud. Gamma rays can decrease the entropy. And they can also transfer energy to those photons. 

Crossing the speed of light. It is quite an easy thing.  Researchers must only form space. Or an environment where the speed of light is faster than around it. The idea of the wormhole, or the Einstein-Rosen bridge, is this. The entropy in that environment is lower than the entropy outside it. And that allows light to travel faster. Than outside it. In the same way, near black holes. 

Light can travel faster than outside it because quantum whirl around that object decreases entropy. The black hole rolls quantum fields inside it. The whirl around it decreases crossing entropy. And the reason why nothing can escape is the energy that comes back from the object. When we think about space and time (spacetime) in the universe. That environment is full of whirls. Rocket engines pull against those whirls. Without those whirls. The engine pushes against nothing. Without resistance, the engine cannot create thrust. 

The reflected energy pushes them forward. If there are no whirls in the quantum fields. The rocket engine cannot push against them. Things like sci-fi stuff like hyperdrive and tractor beam (pulling rays) will just remove entropy from the front of the craft. Or the tractor beam would make a very low-energy channel with minimum entropy. And if there is a higher-energy bubble ahead of the object than the receiving object. That bubble pushes the object into that channel. The craft cannot escape. Because there is nothing the rocket engine can push against. 

In the same way, things like “hyperdrives” form an area. There. The entropy is minimal. The system. It can use the gamma rays to create a tube. There, entropy is very low. That gamma-ray tube pulls the craft into it. 

So, if we want to cross the speed of light, we must just shoot a particle into water. By using a speed higher than the speed of light in water. In the same way, when particles arrive in the atmosphere. They can hit air at a speed higher than the speed of light in the air. When a particle slows down. It must remove its kinetic energy. We see that thing as a blue light flash. Known as Cherenkov radiation. This is why the sky is blue. And the Cherenkov radiation is the reason for the blue glow around the nuclear reactor. The entropy. Or chaos in the system is one of the reasons. For why photons cannot travel faster than they do. The quantum fields in the vacuum are full of whirls. 

That means that the quantum fields are full of energy hills and energy valleys. The lower energy areas. Around those, quantum fields pull energy out from particles. So, gamma rays from radium atoms remove some part of those whirls. That decreases entropy. And this means that. The photon that traveled through that atom cloud traveled faster. Than it should. The idea of the wormholes is also simple. The Einstein-Rosen bridge forms the environment or quantum tube; there, radiation travels in one direction. As I just wrote. 

The Einstein-Rosen bridge is the environment. There, the entropy is minimal. When radiation travels only in one direction. The entropy. Or disorder in the system will not break or pull energy out from particles. 

So, measurements. Did not match the calculations. Those things might seem very small. But over long distances, measurements required extreme accuracy; things like radioactive materials can distort the results. 

https://scitechdaily.com/physicists-have-measured-negative-time-in-bizarre-quantum-experiment/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_light

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole

https://medium.com/@TVvman/negative-time-is-measured-in-photons-7bc73ea0592c

Quantum synchronization is important for quantum networks.

“An artistic representation of nonreciprocal quantum synchronization. RIKEN researchers have proposed a novel approach for the nonreciprocal quantum synchronization of phonons that is resilient against imperfections and noise. Credit: 2026 RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing” (ScitechDaily, Physicists Solve Major Challenge in Quantum Synchronization)

In the quantum switch, the photon can be pulled over the electron like a rubber band. The quantum switch is the system that transforms. The binary information. Into a quantum form. The quantum switch could hover in a fullerene ball. And that ball transports information into that structure. The system. Makes quantum entanglement between those qubits or quantum dots through the carbon nanotubes that connect those fullerene balls. 

The problem with the quantum systems is this. The system must transform information from binary form into quantum form. The quantum dot or quantum switch that combines two quantum dots can be. The photon is pulled and anchored around particles. Like electrons. Then the system transports information into the electron. And electrons transfer that information into photons. Those are pulled around each electron like rubber bands. Then the system makes. The quantum entanglement between those photons that are around electrons. 

The reason why information can travel faster-than-light in that structure is one of Schrödinger’s cats. Because that system removes one of the fundamental interactions or quantum fields. Or makes some of the quantum fields, like electromagnetic fields, weaker, and muffles entropy. That creates a space where information can travel faster than light travels outside it. So, the system doesn’t break the laws of physics. Light travels faster in that structure than outside it. 

The internet will become safer if we can create a so-called quantum network. The quantum network transports information through a network of superpositioned and entangled particles. And this is the reason why quantum synchronization is so important. Quantum synchronization is required. When information travels between multiple quantum dots. 

Or. Actually reseachers are synchronizing quantum dots using quantum data transportation. Between two quantum dots. The problem is: How to control complex, multilevel systems with thousands, or even billions of quantum dots. This is the reason. Why the AI will boost the system. The problem with quantum entanglement is that energy, or information, can travel only in one direction. Energy can travel only from a higher energy level. To a lower energy level. 

Information travels in quantum entanglement as waves in the energy string that connects those particles. This is the reason. For why the quantum internet requires other types of structures than the regular internet. The structure can be the nanotubes and fullerene ball combinations. The quantum dots hover in the fullerene. 

The entanglements are pulled through those nanotubes. 

This makes it possible to protect those structures and their information against outside effects. Because information can travel in only one direction. The system must keep the transmitting side of the quantum entanglements at a higher level than the receiving side. And this is. The main problem. With a quantum network. It's that there is a limit. Also. In the minimum energy level. This means that there is always a point. Where the system must adjust it. That means it must lift the energy level in the particle. 

So, the system sends the information into the receiving particle. Then. It must rise. Its energy level. Into a higher level. Than the next receiving particle. The problem with this thing is that. When the system. As the particle’s or quantum dot’s energy level rises, it must protect the information that is stored in that particle. 

https://scitechdaily.com/physicists-solve-major-challenge-in-quantum-synchronization/

Can negative time explain dark energy?

Can time itself turn into quantum? What if time is the four-dimensional superstring? The thin energy tornado. That spins faster than the speed of light. That could be possible. If that structure can form the quantum vacuum around it. 

Reseachers plan an interesting experiment. Can they turn time itself into quantum? The biggest problem. With physics.  It is. To connect time with the four fundamental interactions: gravity, electromagnetism, weak nuclear, and strong nuclear interactions. There are theories that time itself could be the fifth force. However, we must first realize one thing. One of the shapes of time is material evolution. The evaporation means. 

The material turns. Into a wave movement. The reason for that is the expansion of the universe. When the universe expands, the quantum fields. That is the common name for the four fundamental interactions, which turn weaker. The reason for that is the free energy that is somehow released into the universe. And we know that thing as the “dark energy”. 

The big question is where that free energy comes from? The experiment. There reseachers. The negative time in photons can give a hint for that. There is a possibility that when extremely low-energy photons travel through the cosmic voids, they put quantum fields. To travel into them. The photon’s speed is always the speed of light. And the speed of light is always relative to its environment. So, when a photon starts to pull energy into it, it forms an energy hill around it. 

And that. Causes an effect where the photon starts to travel in time. This means that those photons bring information (read: “energy”) from the future to the past. There is also a possibility that the photon gets extreme energy loads when it travels through the extremely high-energy radiation, like a black hole’s transition disk. This means that the high-energy object can form negative time into photons. 

The universe is full of low-energy atoms. And low-energy photons. The low-energy photon can also receive energy from the quasars. That energy acts the same way as it did in tests. There. Reseachers noticed the “negative time”. The scale of the universe is much bigger than the space that reseachers used in that test. The cosmic voids are much larger than on Earth. And that means: the negative time is much stronger than on Earth.  Theoretically, the photon that travels through the cosmic void can bring information from the future to the past. 

“Recent quantum physics experiments have demonstrated that photons can exit a medium before they fully enter it, a phenomenon termed "negative time". This means photons appear to spend less than zero time interacting with atoms, suggesting time can act "backward" in quantum interactions without violating causality or enabling time travel”. (Scientific American) 

But then. We can think that time itself is like a wave movement. In some models, time is the wave movement. That spin could be extremely high. So. This hypothetical model means that time could be the 4D (four-dimensional) superstring. When a superstring moves very fast across the space, and spins with very high speed. That causes a situation. There, those superstrings can spin and move faster than the speed of light. How is that possible? The superstring forms its own space around it. Or, if that string is very small, it can travel between other wave movements. 

So, how can an object travel faster than light? The answer is simple. The object must form a space around it. There. Light travels faster than outside that space. The speed of light depends. On the space, or medium. So if we want to cross the speed of light for a short moment, we must just shoot a particle from the void to the medium. The speed of light is higher in a vacuum than in the atmosphere. When a particle hits the atmosphere with a speed that is close to the speed of light in a vacuum. During that process, the particle must remove its kinetic energy. Without that effect, the particle cannot slow its speed. And we see that reaction as a blue-light flash. Or. Blue light shockwave. 

The thing goes like this. The superstring pulls energy inside it. Then it starts to spin. The spin pulls energy out from the superstring. And that forms the void around it. The void must not be stable. But that is enough. For that, the superstring can move faster than the speed of light around that bubble or cosmic voids.  The superstring . It. Can be. Like a quantum tornado or quantum roll. If that string forms in a cosmic void, it could stretch through it. And then it conducts energy into the middle of it. That causes the standing wave. In the middle of it. That energy causes the situation. That cosmic void starts to expand. Also, the edge of the void starts to oscillate. And send a wave movement. 

The ability to stop time means new possibilities for data storage. And computing. The ability to stop time in a microchip is the tool. That gives more time to make calculations. Another thing is that the ability to stop time makes it possible to store information in photons. That thing could be possible.  If reseachers can create a quantum pocket. A place. There. Time is stopped. That means that material evaporation is stopped. And then the photon is stored in it. The outside system increases quantum pressure to compensate for the universe’s expansion. That helps to make a photon that can store information for a long time. 

But if time is an independent force. That makes it possible to store information in time itself. Those kinds of visions. They are very futuristic. 

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20250306-the-bizarre-quantum-paradox-of-negative-time

https://www.iflscience.com/what-is-negative-time-77380

https://scitechdaily.com/physicists-propose-strange-experiment-where-time-goes-quantum/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_of_time

Negative time detected.

Time turned opposite in low-energy photons.

The term negative time. Means a quantum phenomenon. A quantum phenomenon where photons, or light particles, appear to exit a medium before they have finished entering it. 

Interesting quantum paradox: Reversible time detected in photons that traveled through the atom cloud. In these tests reseachers shot a low-energy laser pulse through an atom cloud. They measured the time that was traveled backward in that test. The phenomenon that causes these effects is the quantum field that surrounds every single particle, from quarks to atoms and planets to black holes. When low-energy photons travel through those quantum fields. 

Their energy travels to those photons. This effect is measurable only in cases where the photon’s energy level is lower. Than. The energy level of the quantum fields that surround those atoms. If the energy level of a photon is higher than the energy level of those quantum fields, energy travels out from the photon. And we cannot see that time reversal. So, for detecting this effect, the photon's energy level must be as low as possible so that it can transfer energy into itself. And that thing is possible only. If energy travels to photons. 

The low-energy photons. Make invisibility and freezing beams possible. 

The ability to create photons that transfer energy into themselves. We must realize that this kind of photon can make it possible to create the “opposite laser beam”. Or the freezing beam. The laser. That sends very low-energy photons to the surface can make new types of high-energy technology possible. The beam that transports energy out from the layer can protect things like satellites against the laser beams. Those systems can also be used to make objects stealth against the laser scanners. Low-energy photons simply. Pull energy out of the laser beams. This means that those photons make the reflection weaker. 

Sometimes, the low-energy photons are suggested as the reason why we cannot see Planet 9. There is a possibility that low-energy photons. That which surrounds the hypothetical, extremely cold world denies the reflection. Those low-energy photons can pull so much energy out from the photons that come from the sun. That makes the reflection so weak. That we cannot see it. The low-energy photon cloud. It can make objects invisible by pulling. All energy from other photons that travel to it. 

https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.03680

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20250306-the-bizarre-quantum-paradox-of-negative-time

https://www.bluequbit.io/blog/negative-time

https://www.ecoticias.com/en/scientists-detect-negative-rime-future/17213/

https://www.sciencealert.com/negative-time-really-does-exist-new-experiments-suggest

Newtonian and Einstein models are still useful tools.

The Einstein and Newtonian gravitational principles are still “hard stuff”. And today, we can say that all gravitational models are suitable. If they are used with a certain scale. The Newtonian models are suitable for calculating interactions between large-scale objects, like planets. The quantum gravitational models are suitable for calculating the interactions of the smallest particles in the universe. 

The fact is that. Those models are hard to connect. So, we can say that the Newtonian gravity, the Theory of Relativity, and quantum mechanical models would make the GUT (Grand Unified Theory) and the TOE (Theory of Everything) possible. The problem is that. We don’t know. If it's the gravity. Only one force. Or is it a collection of many forces? When we think about the structure of the planets, there are multi-trillion atoms. Each atom has an electron shell. And core with protons and neutrons. Those protons and neutrons involve quarks. So why can't we connect quantum gravitation with the Newtonian model? 

The reason for that is simple. We don’t know every part of complex material structures. The quarks and electrons are the only elementary particles on the planet. But then. We must realize that the bonds that connect quarks into protons and neutrons. And bonds between protons and neutrons can also act as part of the gravity effect. Those bonds between those baryons are like quantum tornadoes. Those quantum tornadoes bind energy into them. Another thing that we forget is the centrifugal force. That force pushes objects out of the surface of the spinning objects. But there is more about that thing at the end of the text. 

The fact is that we should find out. The existence of a graviton. There is a model of the graviton. It is that graviton, it's the quantum-sized black hole. The elementary particles are quantum fields around those gravitons. So, the matter is the halo around those quantum-scale back holes. And maybe those quantum-sized black holes can form the bonds between quarks. Those bonds are the quantum tornadoes between elementary particles. This means that those bonds are. A little bit like the mythical wormholes. Channels through space and time. 

The wormhole was introduced by Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen. The theoretical wormhole is the channel, or a tornado, across space and time. The wormhole can form between superpositioned and enangled black holes. But. The structure would be similar to the bonds that connect. Those quarks together into protons and neutrons, or bonds that form between baryons. And then, similar, but larger quantum tornadoes form chemical bonds. So, the wormhole would be the long-distance bond between two black holes. 

“A wormhole visualized as a two-dimensional surface. Route (a) is the shortest path through normal space between points 1 and 2; route (b) is a shorter path through a wormhole.” (Wikipedia, Wormhole)

“In particle physics, the electroweak interaction or electroweak force is the unified description of two of the fundamental interactions of nature: electromagnetism (electromagnetic interaction) and the weak interaction. Although these two forces appear very different at everyday low energies. The theory.  Models them as two different aspects of the same force. Above the unification energy, on the order of 246 GeV, they would merge into a single force. Thus, if the temperature is high enough – approximately 1015 K – then the electromagnetic force and weak force merge into a combined electroweak force.” (Wikipedia, Electroweak interaction)

So could all fundamental interactions be the same force? That affects only in different-sized areas. 

From electroweak to strong interaction that interacts with electroweak through the Z boson. The reaction goes like this. Gluon>Z boson>W boson> and gravity. But then we miss the graviton. That existence is not proven.  

And maybe the same structures can form those bonds between protons and neutrons. In models, the bonds between protons and neutrons form when some structure (like a free quark, or some kind of black hole) forms the quantum low-pressure between neutrons and protons. This thing forms the W and Z bosons that orbit that structure between protons and neutrons. And that forms the quantum low-pressure that keeps those particles in the one structure. 

The W boson. It can transmit energy between electromagnetism and weak nuclear interaction. So, could the Z-boson have an ability to transmit energy between the W boson and gluons, which transport strong nuclear interaction? The reason for. Why. Electromagnetic interaction. Seems stronger than strong interaction is this. The effective area of electromagnetic interaction is larger. The strong interaction forms a wave movement that affects very small structures. This means that the radiation that affects a small area can tunnel through even an elementary particle. 

Is it possible? That's when we try to create TOE and GUT theories? We simply forget that things like bonds between particles also bind energy. That means those bonds have an effect on the gravity. The idea is that the gravitation forms when some structure binds energy or quantum fields. Quantum field. It is a common name for gravitational, electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear interactions. 

Another thing that we sometimes forget is that electrons orbit the atom’s core. During that process, the electrons sometimes send a photon. That forms a lower energy point on the electron. In that case, the quantum field tries to fill that point. And in models, the gravitation. Forms when some structure binds some quantum field. The outcome field tries to fill that point. And particles ride with those fields. 

So when those superstrings or quantum tornadoes pull quarks together, that thing can cause a situation where those things pull energy from around them. The bond, or string. That pulls quarks and hadrons together. When those strings spin, they act like tornadoes. They form the electromagnetic (”quantum”) low-pressure inside them. The tornado aims energy at the quantum field that surrounds quarks. And forms protons and neutrons. The “low-pressure” in those tornadoes pulls those particles together. 

So. That means that part of gravitation should form in those strings. In the same way. Larger-scale molecular structures. Pull energy into them. And that is the thing that forms the gravitational effect. The idea in those models is that. Something binds energy. And because that forms the lower energy area. Outcoming energy “tries” to fill that point. The term quantum field is the common name for all four fundamental interactions: gravity and electromagnetism. And weak and strong nuclear forces. 

Then we must realize that things. Like centrifugal force. Has some kind of effect on gravity. The fact is that it's possible that centrifugal force has a quantum twin. The quantum version of this force could form because the whisk-shape structure that forms the shell of the particle forms quantum-low-pressure around the fast-spinning particle. Those small (Quantum) voids pull photons out from the particle. That thing pushes things out of the particles. The particle forms a quantum tornado in its axle. That tornado pulls energy to that particle. And the particle’s structure transports that energy into its equator. 

https://interestingengineering.com/space/gravity-dark-matter-act-cosmic-study

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal_force

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroweak_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Unified_Theory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_law_of_universal_gravitation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_everything

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_and_Z_bosons

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole

What if dark matter has more than one form?

"In the constellation Ursa Major, the Pinwheel Galaxy (Messier 101) is surrounded by smaller companions, including the irregular dwarf galaxy NGC 5477. Hubble observations reveal regions of active star formation within NGC 5477, while also capturing distant galaxies shining through it, highlighting the vast emptiness within galactic structures. Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA" (ScitechDaily, What if Dark Matter Has Two Forms? Bold New Hypothesis Could Explain a Cosmic Mystery)

This means that dark matter could be more than one or two things. This means that dark matter can be some kind of particle. Or it could be the whirl in gravitational fields. In the last cases, the quantum fields that interact with each other can form vortices in each other. The effect could be similar. As in the cases where two rivers connect to each other. When water from a tributary impacts the main river, a whirl forms. And. In the same way, when a quantum field. Impact at a certain angle. There should form similar whirls, and maybe those whirls explain some part of dark matter. 

Also. The fast-spinning particles that form the quantum tornado can form an effect that we see as dark matter. Dark matter. It is a mysterious gravitational effect. And one thing. That. We might think that whirls in the impacting gravitational waves can also explain that mysterious gravitational effect. 

But then. There are theories that quantum-sized black holes can form dark matter. The black hole is more than just the event horizon and material disk. The black hole forms a giant whirl at its spinning axle. Those whirls can put quantum fields into motion. 

"New research suggests that in reduced dimensions, particles can defy the usual boson–fermion divide by exhibiting tunable, intermediate quantum properties. These findings hint at previously unexplored forms of matter and set the stage for experiments probing the deeper structure of the quantum world. Credit: Shutterstock" (ScitechDaily, Physicists Discover a Strange New Kind of One-Dimensional Particle)

There is a possibility that extremely fast-spinning 2D particles can also be behind dark matter. In that case, the edge of the saucer-shaped, fast-spinning particles drives energy out from the particle. That causes a similar effect. A fast-spinning plate causes water. That forms a whirl that can pull things inside it. And a fast-spinning particle can form a similar whirl in the quantum fields. 

Also. Things like gamma-rays. That travel through particles and atoms can raise their mass. Things like cosmic voids can also form an effect. That seems like gravity. The differences in the strengths of quantum fields can also put energy into motion. This means that some parts of the dark matter can be virtual. The effect. That form. When those quantum fields have differences in their strength. 

https://scitechdaily.com/physicists-discover-a-strange-new-kind-of-one-dimensional-particle/

https://scitechdaily.com/what-if-dark-matter-has-two-forms-bold-new-hypothesis-could-explain-a-cosmic-mystery/

New winds for quantum entanglement between complex systems.

“Quantum Mechanics Particle Entanglement. Physicists have demonstrated that even relatively large metallic nanoparticles can exist in quantum superposition, behaving like waves spread across space rather than fixed objects. Credit: Shutterstock. Researchers have shown that surprisingly large metal particles can behave according to quantum mechanics, existing in multiple states at once.” (ScitechDaily, Quantum Reality Gets Stranger: Physicists Put a Lump of Metal in Two Places at Once)

“Can a tiny piece of metal exist in a quantum state spread across multiple locations at once? Researchers at the University of Vienna say yes.”(ScitechDaily, Quantum Reality Gets Stranger: Physicists Put a Lump of Metal in Two Places at Once)

“Writing in Nature, scientists from the University of Vienna and the University of Duisburg-Essen report that even relatively large nanoparticles made of thousands of sodium atoms still obey the laws of quantum mechanics. Their work represents one of the most rigorous tests yet of quantum behavior at a near macroscopic scale.”(ScitechDaily, Quantum Reality Gets Stranger: Physicists Put a Lump of Metal in Two Places at Once)

The system. It can be used. Phonons, laser beams, or their combination. To make a channel through the air. Then. The system. Makes the quantum entanglement through that channel. 

A new interesting observation suggests that large metal lumps can be in two places at the same time. This observation can be a fundamental aspect of new types of quantum sensor technology. This type of observation can make it possible to create sensors. That uses quantum entanglement. The idea is that two metal lumps would be put into a superposition and entanglement. 

The system. It can be a drone. Like a quadcopter. Those carriers. A higher energy metal lump in the frame. That metal lump can be in a superposition and entanglement with the lower energy object. That lower-energy object must have the same atomic structure as the transmitting particle. And then the superpositioned entanglement can transmit data from the objects that are close to the drone. 

Sometimes, an idea is introduced. That the UFO is the frame for that kind of system.  In this case, I mean the donut-shaped system that can keep the receiving part. Of superposition. And an entangled metal lump pair. The system can also operate in other ways. The superpositioned and entangled object pair can also make it possible to aim at very high energy levels into a small point. 

The receiving part will be transported to a certain point. And then the frame sends a high-energy impulse to the transmitting side. These kinds of systems can make it possible to create weapons. Nobody expected it to be possible. This thing raises an interesting question. 

What if. Somebody. Could focus the energy of the entire nervous system into. The atom-sized area. Or into a single fullerene molecule. 

There must be an antenna. Like a nanotube. There is. A copper atom row inside it. 

That aims the energy into one point. This allows us to create an effect from Stephen King's novel “Firestarter”, where the main character. Could start a fire only by looking at the object. This means. In the world of quantum. It is possible to focus energy into a very small point. If we focus energy from our finger. To the atom-sized area and then send that energy into the object, the results are destructive. But luckily, “Firestarter” is only a novel. A production of the imagination. 

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-reality-gets-stranger-physicists-put-a-lump-of-metal-in-two-places-at-once/

Crystal balls and quantum teleportation. (Materia was in two places. At the same time.)

Materia was in two places. At the same time. 

“Physicists have demonstrated that atoms can exist in multiple places at once while remaining entangled in motion, a phenomenon previously observed mainly in light particles. Credit: Stock. ANU researchers show that atoms can exhibit quantum entanglement, advancing efforts to unify physics.” (ScitechDaily, Physicists Observe Matter in Two Places at Once in Mind-Bending Quantum Experiment)

“Quantum physicists at the Australian National University (ANU) have achieved a major milestone by directly observing atoms behaving in an entangled state while in motion, providing strong evidence that quantum effects are not limited to light particles, but also apply to matter with mass.”(ScitechDaily, Physicists Observe Matter in Two Places at Once in Mind-Bending Quantum Experiment)

The system makes superposition and quantum entanglement. Between particles by sending a laser beam to it. Then that laser beam makes the quantum shadow. Behind the transmitting side. This shadow pulls information to that channel. Information forms a string in the channel. And wave movement in that string transports information. Theoretically, if that shadow is deep enough, it makes it possible that the shadow sucks the transmitting particle. Into that shadow.

For the first time in history, material was in two places. At the same time. That means that quantum teleportation is also possible between particles that have mass. This means that things like atoms, electrons, and quarks can be used in information transportation. The idea is that information travels between atoms through quantum fields. Information makes. Those quantum fields oscillate at the same frequency. This means that. Those atoms are superpositioned and entangled. 

This means that quantum teleportation takes on a new form. The ability to use atoms for that thing. Makes qubits easier to control. But. There is a possibility. Those two identical objects. It can be in two positions. 

At the same time. This means that crystal balls can transmit information between each other if they are fully identical, homogeneous atom formations. 

The quantum teleportation. Between things like electrons. It can also revolutionize sensor technology. The system can cause an electron to tunnel through the wall. And then take the superposition and entanglement to that electron. So, it's possible that this electron transmits data from the space between the walls. But the thing. What makes this thing interesting is that. Teleportation is also theoretically possible between complex systems. 

Teleportation in the case that things like simple molecules are in two points at the same time. But then. We can think about a thing called. The holographic principle. The holographic principle means that it’s possible that light has weight. The idea is that the photon. That has a lower energy level than the environment. It can act. Like a particle that has a mass. But there is another thing. 

That is. Sometimes called: The Holographic principle. The holographic principle means that particles are actually bubbles in the quantum field. The Schwinger effect means that wave movement. Or, actually crossing wave movements. Can form a structure. That turns into particles. When we think about the material and its structural formation. 

We must realize that particles are actually bubbles in the quantum field. We can call those bubbles “alter materia”. It’s possible that those quantum bubbles. They can form similar atomic or even molecular structures. As a matter. But the problem is that. Those quantum bubbles are not long-living structures. There is a possibility that also living creatures can be teleported in that way. The creature would be in two places. 

At the same time. The communication. Happens. By switching the higher energy side between those quantum bubbles and the transmitter. When the energy level in the original creature is higher, it transmits information to that hologram. When the energy level in the hologram is higher, it transports information into the original creature. The system makes superposition and entanglement between those bubbles. 

Theoretically. It is possible to create a so-called virtual atom by making a bubble in the hologram. There is a possibility that the system. It can make it possible. To teleport. Complex systems, but only for a short moment. The system must create the atom-sized quantum bubbles in a hologram. And then teleport data or multiply oscillation to those bubbles. 

That oscillation means that those bubbles make the information that the complex system involves be in two places at the same time. In the same way. The system can transport information from those holograms by raising their energy level to such a high level. The quantum teleporter can send information to the receiver. 

https://scitechdaily.com/physicists-observe-matter-in-two-places-at-once-in-mind-bending-quantum-experiment/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographic_principle

Noise is the problem with quantum systems.

Above is Maurits Escher’s drawing Ascending and Descending. The drawing. It could portray the quantum system model. There is a quantum circuit where information travels. And the trunk. That mission is to deny the noise. The trunk is the cooling system that surrounds the quantum circuit. Because. In a quantum system, information travels in quantum entanglement from a higher energy quantum dot to a lower energy quantum dot. This means the quantum circuit is like a tower. 

The main problem. With quantum systems, the transmitting side in the quantum entanglement must be at a higher energy level than the receiver. That means it’s hard to make a closed quantum circuit that surrounds data. Every time data travels around the system, the last particle pulls the energy level in the system higher. 

Another problem is that. When the system processes information, it must bring information from other systems. This means that the other system must be at a higher energy level than the receiving system. But. Information rides in an energy beam, and that thing raises energy in the system. The free energy is the thing that destroys the quantum system. We can call this thing: “The last particle in the line problem”. When information reaches the last particle. The system must rise. The last particle’s energy level. Higher than the first particle. Energy level is. Or the last particle must transfer information to the hard disk. Then the system can adjust the quantum system again. 

Another solution can be the photons that are anchored around the laser beams. The photon is like a ring around that laser beam. The laser transmits information to the photon. Those laser beams also transport energy away from those photons. And that can keep their temperature stable. The important thing. It is to keep receiving particles at a lower energy level than transmitting particles. 

Information travels in the system between quantum points. The problem with quantum systems is the “noise.” The noise is free energy. In the system. Free energy forms because of the quantum field or glow that surrounds every quantum dot. When a quantum dot. Like a photon in quantum entanglement, the dot in a higher energy level transmits data to the quantum dot in a lower energy level. The information travels in the string, and when that wave movement reaches the receiver. 

It forms a flash in the quantum field. Or, the glow that surrounds the quantum dot. That flash transfers energy to the trunk. That causes oscillation in the groove that holds the quantum dot. Each quantum dot is like a light bulb. It shines energy. And that’s why those quantum dots cannot transfer all energy between each other. Lots of energy that carries information just travels into empty space in the quantum circuit. 

“In noisy quantum circuits, most of the work fades away—only the last few steps really count. Credit: Shutterstock” (ScitechDaily, Quantum Circuits Have a Hidden Weakness, and It Changes Everything)

The noise forms when energy in the system is rising. Data is traveling in the quantum circuit between superpositioned and entangled particles. The transmitting particle must be at a higher level than the receiving particle. The reason why the quantum system is so sensitive to noise is that all quantum dots are identical. Except that their energy level is different. This causes a situation where every oscillation escalates through the entire system. Because all of those particles have different energy levels, which causes the situation. Where those particles’ sizes are different. Because the transmitting particle’s size is a larger part of the energy, or information that travels between those quantum dots, it travels past the receiver. And that is one thing that forms free energy. 

Especially in the closed quantum circuit, data travels in a circle, and the system must raise the energy level within the circuit. The problem is in the cases. Where information reaches the last particle in the quantum system. Then the last particle must send information back to the first particle. So, the system must raise the last particle’s energy level over the first particle. And that means the system must raise the energy level in the entire system. The noise is another term for free energy in the quantum system. Free energy or entropy form. 

Because. Quantum entanglement cannot transmit 100% of energy to the receiver. The energy that travels between those quantum dots or particles affects the quantum glow around the particle. That glow transfers energy or wave movement between those particles and the trunk of the system. The energy level in the system. Cannot rise endlessly. If the energy in the quantum glow rises too high. That energy destroys the entire system. 

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-circuits-have-a-hidden-weakness-and-it-changes-everything/

Could the quantum-scale version of the altermagnetism, or gamma rays, form dark matter?

Alternamagnetism is a phenomenon. The magnetism is inside the object. There is no magnetism or electromagnetic interaction outside the object. Altermagnetism is one of the things that can cause another question. Could there be a similar effect in the other three fundamental interactions? Could there be a matter that is not visible and for which only known interaction is gravitation? Could this alter material explain dark matter? The quantum field that spins very fast could make it possible. 

That the matter itself turns invisible. A fast-spinning quantum field that moves away from electrons and protons can just push those waves back to the particles or the atom’s core. In the model of the De Sitter universe, the universe itself is surrounded by a divergent horizon. The information can never. Travel through that horizon. The effect is similar to a car that travels 100km/h. Then another car. Impacts that car from the back. With a speed. 101km/h. 

The impact speed is 1km/h. In the same way, if the horizon is a shockwave that travels 80% of the speed of light, and the photon impacts that field at the speed of light. The impact speed would be only 20% of the speed of light. This means that the photon’s energy level is not high enough for it to travel through that field. So could this kind of thing surround some particles or atoms? 

Of course, black holes are invisible. But. In the case of altermatter or dark matter, the field around those particles closes wave movement and photons in the quantum field. But is this possible at the quantum level? 

The wormhole, a tunnel through spacetime, can transport energy out from a particle so fast that the particle will not send wave movement or photons around it. 

Could the coherent gamma-ray beam transport so much energy away from the atom’s core that all photons from the electron shell travel into the atom’s shell? The gamma beam takes energy out of the atom’s shell. And the gamma-effect must not continue all the time. It’s enough that those gamma-rays keep the atom’s core energy level so low that electrons start to travel in that atom’s core. 

Another thing that can make particles or even atoms invisible is the opposite or mirror version of the electroweak interaction. In electroweak interaction, the weak nuclear force sends an energy impulse to electrons that orbit an atom’s core. And then those electrons send photons away from the atom. Fission and fusion are part of that kind of reaction. In the mirror version, something takes energy out of the atom’s core. 

The idea is that something changes the atom’s core energy level to lower than its electron shell. This should cause electrons to transfer photons into the atom’s core. If photons travel only into the atom’s core, that makes matter invisible. The problem is where the atom’s core puts that energy? 

The answer could be in the extremely short-wave coherent gamma rays. Those gamma-rays can act like a thermal pump, which transports energy out from the atom’s core. This thing. It can keep the atom’s core energy level so small that it makes energy travel into the atom’s core, and then that gamma-ray string. It can transport energy in a direction that the observer must look straight into the gamma-ray beam. 

https://www.quantamagazine.org/in-expanding-de-sitter-space-quantum-mechanics-gets-even-more-elusive-20260330/

https://scitechdaily.com/weighing-the-universe-astrophysicists-measure-the-total-amount-of-matter-dark-matter-and-dark-energy/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altermagnetism

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroweak_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

Could string theory be the gate to the TOE (Theory of Everything) and GUT (Grand Unified Theory)?

String theory. The string model is one of the attempts to explain the universe. This theory could explain almost everything. The mainframe of this theory is simple. The entire universe is formed of the strings. Those strings form matter as we know it. There are multiple internal structures. In the string model. And those strings explain things like the universe’s expansion like this. Strings that are actually tornado-shaped structures in the quantum fields of the universe. They transport energy to the edge of the universe, and that energy pushes its outer edge farther. 

This makes space in the universe. And that space pulls those superstrings open. Then those superstrings start to leak. Then they release energy or wave movement that travels through them. This means that. Every single superstring is actually a wormhole, a tunnel through space and time. When the universe starts to expand, those superstrings send energy into space.

And that energy would be the dark energy. The idea of the wormhole is that. Energy pushes information through it. The wormhole, or energy tornado. It denies. That energy leaks to the universe. When a particle, like a photon, travels through the wormhole, it stays young. Its energy level is the same as it was when it went to the wormhole. The expansion of the universe turns quantum fields weaker, but when the particle travels in a wormhole, the wormhole will not allow the particle’s energy level to decrease. This means that when a particle comes out from that string or wormhole, it releases more energy than it should. And that increases entropy in the system. The problem is that there is no physical evidence of the strings or wormholes. 

If there is a quantum-sized black hole or graviton in each particle. That thing can explain the form of the superstrings. When those hypothetical gravitons impact, they follow similar trajectories. As regular-sized black holes. This means that those graviton impacts can form the spiral-shaped structure that is the hypothetical superstring. 

Those quantum-sized black holes can form the structure. That looks a little bit like a pearl necklace. And if we want to use normal-sized (Stellar or supermassive black holes) as a model, there would be. A ring-shaped. Energy rings around every pearl. Those pearls are the halos of those quantum-sized black holes. Which could be the same as the hypothetical graviton. And their transition disks. Could cause those rings. The next thing that reseachers must do is to prove the existence of those structures.  

In one model. Those strings. Are not. So-called solid structures. There are models that superstrings are series. Of the wheel-shaped structures. In theoretical models. Those strings form around quantum-sized black holes. This means that. In every single particle in the universe is a quantum-sized black hole. The annihilation reaction that releases. Very high-energy gamma-rays. Could be similar. To the reaction that sends gamma-rays. In the black hole collimations. The gamma-ray burst forms when those black holes’ halos impact each other. That impact forms those gamma-ray bursts. 

So, when an antimatter particle impacts with its mirror particle, those particles turn into energy. The difference. Between matter and antimatter particles is their spin direction. That means those particles interact in a similar way to black holes when they impact. This means that, if the elementary particle is the quantum halo around the quantum-size black hole. That means that antimatter is the quantum halo that surrounds an opposite-spinning black hole than the matter.

And maybe dark energy is the thing that forms. When those antimatter and matter particles impact. First, the particle shells impact, and that sends the gamma-ray burst. Then their core, their hypothetical quantum-size graviton black holes' impact, and the energy that this impact releases could be covered by the flash of the particle’s shell. Or when those gravitons or quantum-sized black holes impact, they could follow similar trajectories as normal-sized black holes. This thing can form a spiral-shaped structure in the quantum fields. that can form superstrings. 

https://www.quantamagazine.org/are-strings-still-our-best-hope-for-a-theory-of-everything-20260323/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annihilation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Unified_Theory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_theory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_everything

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole

Why can't we fit quantum models and gravity together?

Electroweak interaction (Or electroweak mechanism). And its effect on gravity. And the electroweak interaction effect in the Grand Unified Theory (GUT) 

“In particle physics, the electroweak interaction or electroweak force is the unified description of two of the fundamental interactions of nature: electromagnetism (electromagnetic interaction) and the weak interaction. Although these two forces appear very different at everyday low energies. The theory. Models them as two different aspects of the same force. Above the unification energy, on the order of 246 GeV, they would merge into a single force. Thus, if the temperature is high enough – approximately 1015 K – then the electromagnetic force and weak force merge into a combined electroweak force.” (Wikipedia, Electroweak interaction)

Is it possible that gravity is not one single force? Could there be some other phenomena that interact like gravity? Things like a cosmic void. They can cause a similar effect to gravity. 

In the electroweak reaction. The atom core. It sends an energy impulse to electrons. This energy impulse loads extra energy into those electrons. And then those electrons send photons. So, if we want to have a strong interaction with that process. We must say that gluons, the strong interaction transporter, send an energy impulse to the proton and neutron quantum fields. 

That energy impulse loads energy in those quantum fields. We see that energy interaction. As a weak nuclear force. Then those protons and neutrons send their extra energy into the electrons. When electrons send a photon. For a short time, there is a quantum low-energy area, or quantum low-pressure, around those electrons. 

The same type of quantum low-pressure form. Around protons, neutrons, and quarks, when they sent photons. And in that process, the electromagnetic fields that fill that quantum low-pressure region. It can transport particles and wave movement with it when it fills that point. This model. Increases the electroweak mechanism to all other fundamental interactions. 

Hunting of the graviton. Missing gravity transportation particles. 

If the graviton exists, that explains why gravity is so special. It explains the black holes as giant gravitons. The ultimate form of the hypothetical quark stars. In that model, the black hole forms when the internal structures of the singularity strip quantum fields from around gravitons. In this mode. The graviton. It is a quantum-sized black hole. And all elementary particles are bubbles that form around gravitons. 

Theoretically, making gravity models is easy. We can say that particles spin and bind energy to them. But then we are in trouble: how to prove that model? The way to prove this model in real life is more complicated. Gravitation is a weak force. So, the other three, electromagnetism and weak forces, will cover it. And because of that, quantum gravity is a very hard thing to observe. But then. We can see two very interesting questions. 

A) Could gluon be the mythic graviton? 

B) Could gravitation be more than one effect? There is a very long list of things that could cause similar effects to gravitation. 

1) Cosmic voids. 

2) Electromagnetic shadows. 

4) Different energy levels in particles. 

5) Material evaporation. 

6) Electromagnetism and all three other interactions. 

7) Spiral-shaped electromagnetic fields. 

And many other things can cause things that seem like gravity. Sometimes some reseachers say that gravitation is only a virtual force. Or maybe gravitation is the strong nuclear interaction. And that means gluons could be the mythic graviton. The gluon evaporation could interact. Like gravitation. But could the gluon be the graviton?

The strong interaction. Affects very short distances. But strong interaction is actually a wave movement. And that means other forces. Weak and electromagnetic interactions cover that wave movement. But also. Other interactions. Like electromagnetism and weak interactions, they are things. That can form things that look like gravity. 

Another thing that can cause a similar effect to gravity is the quantum or electromagnetic shadow that forms. When electromagnetic waves hit the particle. The particle forms the electromagnetic shadow that causes energy to fall to that point. Those things can cause interaction that seems like gravitation. When electromagnetic fields move, they transport particles with them. 

And then we must look at gravitational waves. Those waves move at the speed of light. But those waves don’t require a field where they travel. And that makes them interesting. Maybe there is still an unknown energy field in the universe. But. If we think that gravitation is a very short-wave radiation, that wavelength is far shorter than even gamma-rays. 

We can ask whether the graviton exists. And then, why has nobody seen gravitons? The graviton. A mythic gravitation transporter particle would be a boson. Like all other force or interaction transporters. In some models. The graviton is the quantum-sized black hole. The idea is that. Graviton-particle could be the thing that forms all elementary particles. As I wrote at the beginning of the text. 

In this model, all elementary particles are like bubbles around those quantum-size black holes. If those kinds of particles are the source for gravitational waves, their size would be smaller than the wavelength of gamma-rays. This thing is one of the things that can explain many things. The evaporation of those hypothetical quantum-sized back holes could explain dark energy. Gravity centers are the clusters of gravitons. 

And black holes could be black. Because they are pure gravitons. In that model, the inner layer of the black hole is the denser graviton cluster. And that strips quantum fields away from gravitons that are at the outer cluster in the singularity. If the graviton exists. The black hole. It is the giant graviton. The ultimate version of the quark stars. But if that thing is real.  It requires that the graviton exists.

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/problem-gravity-quantum-physics/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetism

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroweak_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Unified_Theory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_chromodynamics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_interaction

Could quark annihilation explain something about dark energy?

Could the answer. For the dark energy mystery. Be. In some process of particle evaporation, which is previously unknown? And could that thing be the quark annihilation? 

Cosmic voids and material evaporation are interesting things. When we think about comic voids and conditions inside them. There. Quantum fields are weaker than in other places in the universe. This causes a material evaporation effect. And the question is, can this effect release as much energy as annihilation? When a particle starts to evaporate. An atom loses its electron shell. That gives the atom core room to expand, and then the bonds between protons and neutrons will break. 

In that process, energy is stored in the bonds between protons and neutrons. This energy release could form the extremely small WARP bubble around the atom shell. In that process, the evaporation reaction. It can be faster than predicted. When those bonds between protons and neutrons release their energy, that causes an effect. They also release energy into quarks that form protons and neutrons. This causes an energy impulse that pushes those quarks farther from each other. 

Released. This releases free energy in the system. Then the neutrons and protons start to decay. Or they release their quarks. This can happen. When a weak quantum field lets quantum fields around quarks expand. This causes that. The distance between those quarks starts to increase. 

“Graphic of quarks annihilating (left green lines), producing a photon (middle line), and producing two muons (right magenta lines). Scientists detected these muons to gain insight into the quark asymmetry of the proton. Image credit: Paul Reimer, Argonne National Laboratory”. (University of Michigan, Study finds unexpected antimatter asymmetry in the proton)

Sooner or later, the distance between quarks is so long that the bonds between them start to break. The neutron decay is confirmed. Two down and one up quarks form a neutron. This means energy travels to the up quark. And this effect causes neutron decay. 

Proton is more complicated. Its main structure is two up and one down quark. The energy travels to those up quarks more smoothly than in a neutron. But there are also particle-antiparticle pairs in proton. When the proton’s quantum field starts to expand, that causes an effect in which those particles and anti-particles touch each other. This effect rips a proton. In pieces. This requires that the quantum field around the proton expands as much as it allows those particle-antiparticle pairs to touch each other. Normally, the structure of a proton keeps antimatter and its mirror particles away from each other. But when a proton expands, that allows those particle-antiparticle pairs to annihilate. 

In that case, those bonds between those three quarks also release energy that is stored in them. In this process, the situation is similar to that in proton-antiproton annihilation. In that process. The reaction releases energy that is stored in those bonds. And finally, quarks and electrons turn into wave motion.

So, when we think that there is too much energy in the universe, we must ask, could that energy form in this type of reaction? When we think about material evaporation. And its relationship with dark energy, we must realize one thing. When reseachers make their calculations, they should know and handle every stage of those reactions. In cosmic voids, the speed of light is higher than outside it. This means all particles travel faster than they do outside the cosmic void. When they hit the edge of the void, they release that energy into those quantum fields. 

https://www.anl.gov/argonne-scientific-publications/pub/164087

https://news.umich.edu/study-finds-unexpected-antimatter-asymmetry-in-the-proton/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Void_(astronomy)

 

The new method for manipulating light with a Narwhal wave function breaks limits.

“Narwhal-shaped wavefunctions describe a unique way of confining light to extremely small spaces. The mode volume measures how tightly light is confined and affects. How strongly it interacts with matter. It is defined as the total electric energy spread across space divided by its peak value. These wavefunctions combine sharp local enhancement with rapid overall decay, allowing light to be compressed far beyond usual limits without energy loss. Credit: Renmin Ma et al.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Break Light’s Limits With “Narwhal” Wavefunctions)

In photonic information technology, the system traps single photons into it. Then it drives information into those photons. As we know. The photon. It looks. A little bit like a wheel. Information is stored in that wheel as a form of wave movement. The big problem was. How to control those photons. The answer can be in the system that puts the photon into spin. That spin forms the spiral-shaped wave field in the quantum field. And that thing can act as a tool that allows control of light. 

This spiral-shaped wave function. It can also be used to transmit information between photons. The spiral wave field looks like the horn of a narwhal. The big difference between older technologies is that the system. It can use the laying photons. In this model, photons. They are in the position. Those bigger sides of photons are against each other. And that allows faster information transmission. 

Because the transmitting area is bigger. Or, as you can see from the lower diagram, the system. It can press information through the photon ring. When information is transported to the photon ring. And the wave movement travels through it. That copies those shapes into that wave movement. 

“The Narwhal wave function is a novel approach to confining light in small spaces.  It enables extreme, sub-diffraction confinement of light in lossless dielectric nanostructures, with an ultra-small mode volume. And that thing.Makes it possible to use that thing in new photonic communication. “The researchers also used these highly localized wavefunctions to develop a new imaging approach called the singular optical microscope. (ScitechDaily, Scientists Break Light’s Limits With “Narwhal” Wavefunctions)

“Comparison between a twisted lattice cavity and a singulonic cavity. Left: schematic and field distribution (in logarithmic scale) of a twisted lattice cavity; Right: schematic and field distribution (in logarithmic scale) of a singulonic cavity. The power-law divergence of the narwhal-shaped wavefunction enhances the electric field intensity by more than six orders of magnitude in the deep-subwavelength region. Credit: Renmin Ma et al.”(ScitechDaily, Scientists Break Light’s Limits With “Narwhal” Wavefunctions)

“By exciting eigenmodes within singular dielectric cavities, the technique generates tightly confined electromagnetic fields whose resonance shifts respond to very small structural details. This enabled a record spatial resolution of λ/1000. And allowed imaging of deeply subwavelength patterns, including the letters “PKU” and “SFM.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Break Light’s Limits With “Narwhal” Wavefunctions)

These types of things are necessary for making the quantum network. The biggest problem with photonic communication is how to drive information into the single photons. In this layer, the system must be very highly accurate. Before this new model, the system used plasmons to press photons to the layer. This method was. A little bit too complicated. To create. The accuracy that the quantum networks needed. 

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1102339

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-break-lights-limits-with-narwhal-wavefunctions/