The image above portrays Andromeda Galaxy (M31) (Image: Pinterest): Galaxies are giant quantum systems that involve multiple quantum subsystems. The quantum system means the group of particles and systems. That is inside the same field.
A quantum system is a group of subsystems that interact with each other. Or it can mean the group which reacts to the same energy impulse.
There are two different main types of quantum theories. The quantum particle theories. And quantum field theories. The wave-particle duality connects those theories.
1) Quantum particle theories
Those theories handle the relations of subatomic particles. They are theories that are consisting the quantum gravitation and quantum electromagnetism. Those things are connecting subatomic and elementary particles to larger entireties like atoms.
The wave-particle duality means that every particle has particle and wave movement forms. But connecting the interaction between wave movement and particles is a little bit difficult. If we think that every single elementary particle is forming from rolling wave movement. That means that every single elementary particle forms from the different length bites of wave movement.
2) Quantum field theories
Those theories handle the interactions of the quantum fields that are surrounding all particles. The term "quantum field" means different types of electromagnetic and gravitational fields around all particles. At the level of subatomic particles, even a single photon has an effect.
So the quantum field theories should consist of at least two different types of quantum fields. The large-size quantum fields and small-size quantum fields should have their theory. The large-scale quantum fields are affecting galaxies and even larger entireties.
And the small-scale quantum fields are interacting between subatomic particles. Those quantum fields are interactions.
So the galaxies are pushing and pulling each other. The radiation that comes from the galaxy is pushing particles away from it. And then the gravitation pulls particles to it. But things like micro-and quantum gravitation have also affected the universe. Even things like electron and hydrogen clouds have a gravitational effect if the number of those particles is high enough.
But then we can see that the quantum theories are not even near being ready.
Should we need more quantum theories? The answer is "yes".
Sometimes we should think also do we need a theory about the information? The thing is that there is a theory, that information is the state of the material.
Quantum mechanics is part of the quantum field theories. It handles the rotations and interactions of the quantum fields around the material. The thing is that quantum mechanics is hard to connect with other theories because it handles the power fields and things like superstrings.
The idea is that those superstrings are the bites of wave movement. But the thing is that the interaction between material and space happens through the quantum fields. So the idea is that the material is only the extremely dense quantum field. That means all material can turn to wave movement and back to particle form.
But do we need different theories for quantum systems and large-size quantum systems? When we think about the interaction between electron and proton in the hydrogen atom electromagnetism dominates that interaction. When hydrogen atoms number turns high enough, the gravitation turns to dominate.
Galaxies, galaxy groups, and the universe are the largest quantum systems in the, well, universe. The thing is that the quantum systems are involving multiple sub-systems. The most complicated structure in the universe is the universe itself. If we could see the universe from outside its ball. But when we are closing it we see the substructures like the cosmic web, galaxies, stars, molecular and atomic clouds. Planets, molecules, and atoms. Finally, we could see quarks and things like gluons.
They are all closed in the giant quantum field called the universe. When we are thinking of the quantum systems of water and air. The air can affect things that are at the border between those quantum systems. Of course, air can affect also underwater objects. But water covers that effect. So for underwater objects, the water is dominating the quantum system that covers the effect of the air under it.
We can see the universe where we are as dominating the quantum system. But between us and the universe's entirety is trillions of subsystems like the plasma ring of the Earth. The plasma ball around the sun. The local star group, and the milky way. Then the local and main galaxy group and finally the cosmic background are covering the edge of the universe from us. And finally, the entirety of the universe covers the effect of the possible other universes below it. The dominance of the quantum systems determines how we see those things.
If we are looking at things like galaxies. They form their quantum systems. Those systems are interacting with other galaxies. But there is one galaxy that we cannot ever really see. That galaxy is our galaxy, the Milky Way. Because we are inside that system, we cannot see it from the outside. We know that is like many other galaxies. But we cannot see the Milky Way.
When we are inside the quantum system we can observe its participants. But when we are outside the quantum system we can observe its shape. We cannot see the entirety and the individual participants at the same time. We can observe things like the behavior of the single electrons all the time. But we cannot see how the electron groups of the galactic-size entirety are behaving.
We can see individual electrons or groups of electrons. But we cannot see them at the same time.
We see dust and ice or plasma that forms galaxies. And we know that there are electrons. But we cannot see those electrons from the images of the galaxies. Of course, we know that all atoms have an electron cloud. But the bright light or large photon group is covering those electrons from us. And when we are looking at material, we see only quantum fields that cover them.
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