Why G-2 anomaly the first time is seen in Fermilab?

There are two possible explanations for the Muon G-2 anomaly.

1) The unknown natural force affected that particle

2) Particle impacts with some unseen particle. So could that impact be the interaction between the dark matter particle? 

The theory of axions bases the idea that this hypothetical particle forms thing, called dark matter. There is the possibility that dark matter is a material that has an extremely large quantum field with visible material. So similar but more high-energy quarks are forming that material. There is also the possibility. That the hypothetical axions are like some other well-known particles. That have different shapes or different sizes. 

In some theories, the Big Bang that forms the visible universe was the collapse in the energy level of dark matter.  When something caused the quantum fields of dark matter to collapse they send the radiation. So the dark matter could be a higher energetic material that has a larger quantum field than visible material. 

x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x

The Muon G-2 anomaly challenged the Standard model of physics. The reason why that anomaly is seen in the Fermilab. And other low-energy particles accelerators are an interesting thing. 

In high-power particle accelerators, the effect that changes the trajectory of the particle must be far stronger than in low-energy particle accelerators. The thing that can change the trajectory of the particle can be the impact with another particle or it can be some kind of power- or quantum field. 

When a particle accelerator accelerates a particle that particle acts like all other moving objects. The speed increases the kinetic energy and mass of the particle. So we can use a car as an example. What happens in a particle accelerator when the particle's speed is rising very high. When the car moves at a very high-speed impacts something that car continues in its track. 

In the same way, the side wind effects are less strong if the car is moving at high speed. The side coming effect must be stronger than the kinetic energy of the car that it can affect the track of the vehicle. In the same way, when the car impacts something the energy asymmetry in the body must be so strong that it can change the car's track. When a car impacts something that impact causes the soundwave, thermal wave, and debris. 

The same way happens in particle accelerators. If the speed of the particle is too high when it impacts something the particle just crushes its opponent. But that impact doesn't happen without a trace. The impact with another particle causes wave movement and debris. Those things are called virtual particles. The virtual particle is the bubble in the quantum field. 

So the virtual particle is not forming from emptiness. There must be some kind of quantum field that forms those strange fields. So is the source of the virtual particles in CERN the impact with the dark matter. When the extremely fast-moving particles are moving in particle accelerators there are forming so-called ghost particles. So could the origin of the ghost particle be the yet unknown particle? 

Se also:

Big Bang

Dark energy

Dark matter

Muon G-2 anomaly Fermilab

The standard model of physics

This is what the orbital railgun would look like

Illustration picture
Picture I

http://kimmontaidearvioita.blogspot.com/p/this-is-what-orbital-railgun-would-look.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

In this picture is an artist impression of the combat spacecraft, and it could be one version of "Project Thor", what was mentioned for the high power railgun, what is planned to send to the orbiter. In fact, the "Thor" was not pure railgun, what would use the pure magnetic accelerator. This system was mentioned to be like the extremely powerful airgun. Behind the accelerator was a chamber, what was filled with the hydrogen and oxygen gases, and then this gas combination would be ignited with the electric arc, and that would push the iron projectile to the accelerator.


Then the magnetic rail would give extra speed to that projectile. That magnetic accelerator could have the capacity, that it can be pulled inside the satellite, that nobody sees it from outside. The rail would be kilometers long, and it can be made extremely thin cables and magnets. In the empty space, the rail would need no tube, and that's why it could be very light. This system could accelerate the nail at the speed of 30 000 to 100 000 kilometers per hour, and in that speed, the impact power would be so high, that this weapon can cause similar damages, as the nuclear warhead.


The United States Air Force would be reported that the  6.1 meters long and 0,3 meters thick tungsten cylinder, what have the speed of Mach 10 could have same impact energy as the 11.5 tons of TNT. In this scenario, the railgun seemed like some revolver, where the tungsten arrows were in the revolver-type drum, what would be rotating, and turn the next arrow to the port of the rail. This system might have more deadly models, where would be used longer rails and more electric powers than this original "Odin" system. And this kind of system can someday turn the impacting asteroid away from Earth, but it can also be used for orbital bombardment.


Rail of this machine could be pulled inside when it would not be in use. This system can work with the nuclear reactor, but also solar panels are suitable for that device. When the weapon would be launched, the same mass of fuel must be burned in opposite side of the tube, that the aiming of that system would not be changed. There are rumors, that there would be planning of the even more powerful railgun than this device.


The rumors tell that "Project Odin" could be series of satellites, what would be docked together, and thru those satellites would go the accelerator trajectory. That modular system could give same speed as the "Hadron" accelerator. And the iron ammunition could travel near the speed of light to the target. The iron nail what travels the 90% of the speed of light would have so much impact power, that it would destroy the planets like Jupiter.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_bombardment

Picture I
https://dissolve.com/video/Futuristic-military-spacecraft-initiating-warp-drive-royalty-free-stock-video-footage/001-D915-8-004

Lockheed CL-400 "Suntan"

CL-400 "Suntan"
(Picture I)

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.com/p/lockheed-cl-400-suntan.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Lockheed CL-400 "Suntan" test plane from 1950's is not so well-known as the U-2 or some other reconnaissance planes, what were made under the legendary C.H "Kelly" Johnson at the Lockheed "Skunk Works". This plane was the first attempt to create the hydrogen-powered aircraft, and the experience of that plane was after used to create "Skylon" space planes and other hydrogen-powered aircraft.


"Suntan" is looking unique, because the motors are at the end of the wings, and that solution gave extra protection for the test pilot because if the motors were exploded, the debris would not come thru the fuselage. Other reasons for that solution was, that it gave more space in the fuselage, and the heat of those motors would not warm the fuel tanks. Sometimes have been mentioned, that the position of the motors guaranteed cleaner air intake.


There actually were many reasons for the positioning of motors so far away from the pilot as possible because nobody knew anything about the use of hydrogen in the jet motors, and that made "Suntan" extremely dangerous for its pilot. The problem with aircraft is, that should have electric power because the avionics and communication equipment needs electricity, and that makes difficult to use ramjet-motors because those motors have not the turbine, what gives electricity.

CL-400 "Suntan" 3-view drawing
(Picture II)

The "Suntan" was the unique prototype, what remained in history a half of the century until some engineers started to work with new kind of space plane "Skylon". This new space plane used the similar solutions as "Suntan", and it has the new type of solutions for creating electric power. The precise information of "Skylon" has been kept out of publicity, and the system, what is used in that plane, could be the combination of  RAT (Rapid Air Turbine), where the draught would rotate turbine and generator for creating the electric power, and at the outside of atmosphere this system uses fuel-cells.


Used motor-type might be flap-ramjet, where would be injected the oxygen when the aircraft is too high, that motors would not get enough air. This motor is known as the rocket-ramjet, and it's more conventional than scramjet. In rocket ramjet, the normal dam-tube engine would send the aircraft in high altitude, and then the flap would be closed, and oxygenized will be injected into the chamber.


For the acceleration for the speed of Mach 1 would happen by using normal jet engines.  At the speed of 800 km/h would be enough for starting ramjets, but the Mach 1 seems better. When the ramjets have been started the closing system of air intakes of the plane would start to regulate the speed of air, and the turbine would create the electric power for the aircraft. And when this aircraft would rise high altitude, would the oxygen injection start, and the "Skylon" would start the "ballistic jump".

Skylon
(Picture III)

The reason, why this plane would not use internal oxygen is that the solution, where the part of the flight time would be used external oxygen will spend the weight of this plane, and also give more room for cargo. The cargo of this system would be satellites, what would be launched to the LEO (Low Earth Orbiter). This might not seem very impressive, but there is a possibility that to this satellite will be docking the rocket stage, what would launch with the different shuttle or rocket. This would give the opportunity to use large rocket stages like "Centaur"-stages.


Those stages would allow the satellite to make maneuvers in the trajectory, and that would improve the survivability of the civil and military satellites. Those satellites can make the evasion movements in the case, that something would try to impact with the satellite. And also the sudden changes in horizontal and vertical trajectories is more easy with the large rocket stages. But also the launch of the space probes would be possible, and that would mean, that the probe would be released to LEO, and then necessary rocket stages will be connected to it.

Sources:

https://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/systems/suntan-8.htm

https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/22765/why-did-the-cl-400-suntan-have-engines-on-the-ends-of-its-wings

https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4404/ch8-3.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skylon_(spacecraft)

Picture I

https://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/systems/images/suntan-image04.jpg

Picture II

http://xplanes.free.fr/suntan/images/cl-400.jpeg

Picture III

http://www.bisbos.com/images_rel/skylon_2_800.jpg

The combat spacecraft are quite easy to produce

Mercury capsule
(Picture I)

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.com/p/the-combat-spacecraft-are-quite-easy-to.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

There are many ways to make realistic combat spacecraft and the governments of the USA, Russia, and China might have many versions of those things, what seems like some Science Fiction stuff. One of the most realistic versions of making "killer satellite"is used as a "Mercury"-type spacecraft, what is filled with plastic explosives. The nose of the spacecraft must be weaker than another layer, and then the explosives just break the core of the spacecraft, and at the front of the explosives might be steel balls, what would travel to the target with extremely high speed.


The problem with that device is actually the debris, what would close the trajectory from all satellites. This is why the military space systems are not allowed to test in space. And that's why there is created the anti-satellite weapons, what uses microwaves to destroying the targeted satellites. Microwave would be unseen, and the target would not break in the pieces, what can cause dangerous debris.

EMP-bomb
(Picture II)

One version of this weapon, what would base the existing technology of this thing could be manned or unmanned  " Mercury"-type spacecraft, what would be equipped with the microwave burst weapon. The principle of this killer satellite is similar to high power microwave bomb, what is dropped from conventional bombers, and that weapon could damage electronics and other equipment in the very sharp area.


This system works that high-explosive material would give pressure to the battery, what is inside that weapon. And after that, the high voltage electricity would be conducted to the microwave transmitter what is at the nose of this weapon. If this technology would be used with killer satellites, they would take off the enemy's space systems without radioactive fallout, and if that system uses microwaves, there would not be debris in that trajectory.


This system would be a single shot version of killer satellites, but it can be very effective and realistic version of the killer satellites. In this case, the ground control would drive this system near the targeted satellite, and then shoot it with microwave. It could also be used against attacking missiles, and at least couple of them would be damaged if the raising missile would get hit by high power EMP-weapon, what could damage the targeting systems of the warheads.

Sources:

http://www.superconductors.org/emp-bomb.htm

Picture I

http://nick-stevens.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/mercury.jpg

Picture II

http://www.superconductors.org/e-pic2.jpg

Why is the defense against hypersonic cruise missile so difficult?

(Picture 1)

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Hypersonic missile or cruise missile (HCM) is the new type of weapon, what uses technology that allows the weapon glide to the ground with the extremely high speed with gentle incoming trajectory. This would give the very big challenge for the defense, what must react this threat only in a couple of seconds. The launching of those extremely fast weapons may be done by submarines, surface warships or by aircraft. This weapon is the new type of solution for first strike missions.


Hypersonic cruise missiles are developed in many nations. The limitations of this kind of weapon are very difficult because they don't need warheads. And the kinetic energy what is boosted with microwaves is the devastating combination for aircraft carriers. The microwave-transmitter can installed to the nose of those missiles, and it can be got the necessary electric power from windmill turbogenerators.


The extremely high speed would give very powerful microwaves. The microwaves would be devastating for the target, and if they are not enough, would the kinetic energy terminate the structure, when the missile hits the target with speed above Mach 8. And those hypersonic cruise missiles can accelerate up to speed Mach 12.  The kinetic energy would be very devastating at that speed. But the problem is, that those missiles can mask as the new superfast airplane-testbeds.


One of the greatest problems with hypersonic missiles is that they use so-called low observable technology. That means that the head of that missile is invincible for radars because the shape of the hypersonic body would be similar with B-2 Stealth-bomber. And the gentle shape what allows to avoid the radar-waves would also allow avoiding the friction of the atmosphere.


The final problem with those weapons is that some of them are equipped with similar ECM-systems, what makes the detecting and targeting the air defense missiles to this hypersonic target extremely difficult. Also, some of those missiles are equipped with microwave generators, what mission will be heat the target and make their armor softer, what gives the missile greater penetration. Another mission of those microwave systems is also terminate the electric systems of the target.


As I have written earlier, those hypersonic cruise missiles can destroy even the aircraft carriers by using kinetic energy. The nuclear warhead makes those weapons even more devastating. The gentle trajectory would allow striking against the doors of underground leading facilities. The weapon can strike against the door of those facilities. And it can detonate just outside the cave, what protects the command center. The only problem is that nuclear warhead must detonate in microseconds.

Sources:

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-3091715/Air-Force-bosses-reveal-want-hypersonic-missiles-five-years-technology-planes-travel-New-York-London-HOUR.html

http://thehill.com/sponsored/content/245420-no-longer-science-fiction-facing-global-threats-with-hypersonic-missiles

https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/could-uss-new-hypersonic-missile-spark-world-war-3-1555182

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WU-14

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Falcon_Project

Picture 1:

http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2015/05/21/21/28F4371C00000578-3091715-image-a-1_1432241560991.jpg

https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/why-is-defense-against-hypersonic.html