Showing posts with label trust. Show all posts
Showing posts with label trust. Show all posts

Tuesday, January 11, 2022

Do you trust AI?



At the beginning of this text, I must say that AI is a computer program. Computer programs are like machines. They cannot handle every problem on Earth. They meant to use for some certain purpose. And if we want to use some AI algorithm outside its operational sector, that thing causes catastrophe. The world is full of algorithms. 

Some algorithms are meant to use for things like collecting marketing information from limited systems. The other AI systems are meant to control physical robots. So if we want to use AI for something. We must make sure that the program is meant for that purpose. 

We must realize that if we want to use the marketing analysis programs for controlling robots that thing would cause disaster. If we want to improve the skills of AI. That requires more complicated code than the AI that has only one skill. Every single skill that the AI has must be programmed to that thing. Machine learning is making independently learning machines possible. 


There are three types of learning machines. 


1) Semi-automatic learning systems. 


Whenever the system faces a new problem it calls the operator.  The operator makes the solution and stores that thing in the memory of computers. 


X) Independently learning machines. 


Those machines can create the databases automatically. And then those systems can automatically connect the database to a certain action series. 


2) Hybride systems


Those systems can make the solution or connections between databases automatically. But if that system cannot find the database that fits the problem it can ask for assistance from the operators. That kind of system can respond to multiple problems. 

Hybrid systems are close to the human way to learn things. If the system would not find a match for the case. It would not know how to respond to the case that it faces. In that case. The system will ask for help in solving the problem from the human operators. 

Whenever the system gets the new answer for problems. That thing increases the data mass that the system can create more connections. And it turns more independent. 

When the system is creating the solution. Or the controller solves a problem that solution stored in the memory of the artificial intelligence. for similar cases. That thing increases the number of skills of the AI. 


There are two types of AI


1) Passive AI. 


That system just collects data and analyzes it. 


2) Active AI.


That system interacts with the real world. The system collects data from the sensors. Then it analyzes that data. And then it sends signals to the communication tool. That tool might be the traffic lights if the AI controls traffic. 

The thing is that AI is not a stand-alone operating tool. The system requires tools like an internet connection or a physical robot for making things. If the AI is interacting with the real world. 

It requires sensors and is connected to the sensors that it can get the data mass that it processes. But the AI needs the tool how to interact with the real world. If it controls things like traffic it needs a connection to the traffic lights. Without that connection, AI does not affect the real world. 


All artificial intelligence programs or algorithms are meant to operate in certain sectors. 


The thing in artificial intelligence is that it doesn't make mistakes. If we are saying that the AI makes mistakes. We can same way say that some regular programs like text-handling tools make mistakes. Every mistake that the AI makes is encoded in its code. 

Another way that causes mistakes for the AI is that the data that the AI handles is somehow disturbed. If the sensor that sends data to AI is corrupted accidentally or in purpose. That means the data flow to the system is not relevant. 

The corruption of the sensor means as an example,  that the camera might be dirty.  So that means the system would not get real information. When we are thinking about the trust of AI, we must realize that we must check every single part of the system. The code itself must be completed and tested. But cable connections and the function of the sensors are the same way the important things. 


https://scitechdaily.com/measuring-trust-in-artificial-intelligence-ai/


Image: https://scitechdaily.com/measuring-trust-in-artificial-intelligence-ai/


Tuesday, April 17, 2018

What are VX and BZ chemical agents?

Kimmo Huosionmaa

The poison of the Skripal-case was sprayed to the door of those persons. And there would be one great question, what actually that poison was? If the used poison were the VX-nerve agent, we must say, that those victims would ever get out from the house. VX-nerve agent is actually liquid and water-like poison, what boils at 300 degrees Celsius. Nerve-agent is somehow very unstable, and in some sources are mentioned that deadly dose of that super-poisonous chemical can form in the room temperature.


The deadly dose is metered by the sucking that chemical thru the skin. Also, the smallest drops of that organic phosphate cause death. The symptoms of the poison begin immediately, and that makes the walking impossible. BZ-nerve agent is the nonlethal LSD-based psycho-active hallucinogen, what has the purpose to make enemy unable to operate, what makes easy to take those persons to the prisoner or destroy them. BZ is also used in some test, where soldiers ability to use protective suits and chemicals have been tested.


In those test, the BZ- or LSD-chemicals would deliver to the air, and if soldiers would see some colors, their attempt to use the gas protecting suits were failed.  That chemical was tested in Edgewood Arsenal and in some tests of MKULTRA, and the purpose of last tests was tested this hallucinogen suitable for interrogations. Also that chemical or LSD were used in tests, where were tested the military personnel able to make reports if they would get some strange symptoms. In those tests, the military personnel was given drink, where was LSD, and if they would answer that they would not feel any strange symptoms, they would mark as unstable. Below this test films from similar tests from Czechoslovakia.


But when we are thinking about the situation, that somebody would use VX or BZ-chemical agents in this attack, we must say that this person needs very good protective gear, what is planned for use with this kind of nerve-agents, and VX would penetrate normal chemical weapon protection suit, and of course the user might get atropine-injections, but in this case must the user be sure, that nowhere in the skin or clothes would leave any remains of that nerve gas. And if the spray would deliver to near the point, what was sprayed, would that cause the terrible situation, where some outsiders would die because of that chemical. BZ can cause psychotic symptoms and that might cause the violent behavior.

Sources:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0DXV210OhQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxCLXk6XgrQ LSD-test Czechoslovakia

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLCzR34HfVQ LSD-test U.S military

https://www.mtv.fi/uutiset/ulkomaat/artikkeli/brittitutkijat-skripaleille-annettu-myrkky-oli-levitetty-kotioveen-nestemaisessa-muodossa/6869808

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VX_(nerve_agent)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-Quinuclidinyl_benzilate (BZ)

https://avoimenkoodinmaailma.blogspot.fi/p/what-are-vx-and-bz-chemical-agents.html

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