Researchers split a photon into two pieces.

Researchers split a photon into two pieces. 

"By splitting a single photon, scientists confirmed that angular momentum is always conserved — a billion-to-one experiment that reinforces the foundations of quantum physics. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Just Split a Single Photon. Here’s What They Found)

The image above introduces a situation. The wave movement impacts a photon. That thing makes the photon oscillate and send a wave movement. That thing can also split a photon into two pieces. When a photon travels in a quantum network. Transporting information. The system must store information about that photon. 

And after that, the system must also download information from that photon. The very thin wave bites could act like the needle of the gramophone. The system scans the depth of the waves that are on the photon’s surface. The quantum system stores information in those waves. And the number of waves determines how many states the qubit can have. Another determinant is the depth of those waves. 

Researchers at the University of Tampere split a photon into two photons. That thing proved that even photons follow one of the basic rules in physics: the conservation of angular momentum. So, if the system can make photons act like a gyroscope. And keep those photons in the same position, which makes a new advance in photonics and quantum computing. A series of superpositioned and entangled photons can transport information in nanotube-based systems. 

"Schematic of a single photon with zero angular momentum (green) splitting into two photons (red) with either zero or opposite angular momenta (sketched through the spatially varying color), which adds up to zero confirming the fundamental angular momentum conservation law. Credit: Robert Fickler / Tampere University"(ScitechDaily, Scientists Just Split a Single Photon. Here’s What They Found)

Splitting a photon into two photons by aiming a laser beam, or a wave movement through it. It is one of the things that can make quantum networks closer to reality. In a quantum network, information is stored in particles, like photons.  In a quantum network, particles travel and transport information. In a regular network, wave movement acts as an information transporter. 

The problem with the quantum network is this. Those particles that travel in that network. Should not touch anything unexpected. Any field or unexpected error in the quantum network causes a situation. There is information that particle transport can be damaged. The problem with error detection is this. The system cannot detect errors that happen in some quantum line. 

The answer for error detection is to send information using two separate lines. If those lines create identical solutions, the answer is ” probably closer, right than wrong”. In reasonable circuits. The system makes all calculations backward. And if the answer is the original values, the system gives the right answer. But if the system transports information into two lines, it must split that thing into two routes. 

In a quantum network. That requires that the system must create two identical information packs. So, the ability to split photons can be a tool for quantum routers. But the system can use this technology in quantum computers. Splitting photons and putting them into superposition and quantum entanglement is one thing that can make the quantum chips closer to everyday reality. The information that photon also follows the principle of angular momentum is the thing. That can be important for quantum technology. If the system knows when photons “fall” in quantum entanglement, that can improve the quantum system's effectiveness. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-just-split-a-single-photon-heres-what-they-found/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_momentum

The new quantum gravity model takes us closer to the Theory of everything, TOE.

"A quantum theory of gravity would clear the path to answering some of the biggest questions in physics. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Gravity’s Quantum Secret: “Theory of Everything” Could Unite the Forces of Nature)

The question of the form of gravity is interesting. Gravity is the only known force that affects light. And that makes it special. Another thing is that gravity seems to have no pushing force. This is the thing that makes gravity interesting. If we think that all particles have gravity fields and all objects like planets are entireties of those particles that means that gravity fields are the sum of those particle's gravity fields. 

Every particle is the quantum dot or quantum gravity center. The reason why the Earth-size black hole has a stronger gravity field than Earth is that there are more quantum dots in the same size object than the planet. So, the black hole can form around the structure of the quantum dots that are very close or melted together. The thing that determines the power of gravity fields is the density of those quantum gravity dots. So, we can turn any object into a black hole by pushing those quantum gravity dots together. 

That means if we think about the Theory of everything, TOE, we can make the model where the distance of those quantum dots determines which of fundamental interactions, Strong- and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetism, or gravity be in case. We can make a model where the superstrings of the extremely thin energy tube travel through those quantum gravity points. Those strings could be extremely small wormholes can also be one of the reasons why gravity acts as it acts. If something goes and cuts those strings they start to pull those things through them. 

The idea of the wormholes is that they must be extremely long and that the energy that travels through them can keep them open. The extremely long wormhole makes things travel in time. The expansion of the universe makes the other end of that energy tube a so high-energy level that the future has a lower energy field that can pull information through it. The information flow must be so strong that the outside energy cannot press that energy tube together. 

Finnish researchers from Allto University made models that should connect quantum field theory and Einstein's theory of relativity. That thing is the great step to the Theory of Everything, TOE. This model is interesting and those researchers published that in their publishings. You can find that thing in the article that is lined below this text. One of the most interesting questions of the gravity and its special nature is this: 

Can there be two or maybe three forms of gravity? 

1) Gravity that has the field effect. In that case, gravity is the field that travels into the gravity center. The gravity center or spinning particles can bind those fields inside them. And that means the system rolls those fields inside them. The field is like a river that takes everything with it. 

2) Gravity might also have a wave effect. That means gravity waves can have the shape that makes objects fall to the gravity center. And if there is a step, or false vacuum before the bottom of the gravity wave that makes objects fall to the gravity center, like I just wrote. 

The idea is that the gravity waves are at lower energy levels or they are deeper if the observer goes closer to the gravity center. The reason for that can be a similar phenomenon with the false vacuum decay. Or the gravity wave can stretch which makes it lower. That tells why outcoming energy that tries to fill the gravity wave is like a ditch that pushes particles into the gravity center. 

There might be a limit. Or the increasing mass turns the gravity waves less dominant than the field. The small mass objects can send gravity waves, but when those object's mass is rising that field pulling turns more dominating. The high-mass object simply rotates or binds a quantum field around it like dough. But does that thing cause only because massive object sends gravity waves so often? 

The last model that we can mention is virtual gravity. In some versions things like electromagnetism cause the virtual gravity effect. But another version of the virtual gravity is the particle the upper side has a higher energy level than the bottom. If that particle starts to rotate like wing gear. That was used in some early steamships. The idea is that the particle gets energy from up. And if it rotates horizontally that thing forms the energy wave below the particle. That energy wave pushes that particle forward. 

https://scitechdaily.com/gravitys-quantum-secret-theory-of-everything-could-unite-the-forces-of-nature/

 

Is the independence of science treated?

https://gamesandtehories.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Sometimes people are talking about the independence of science, and this thing is the complicated question. The problem of the universities is that they must get financial support from somewhere, and if they are free for the students, the money must get from somewhere. When financial supporter would make the decision about the money,  that money makes the profit for the supporter. This means that the supporter expects to get something in return.


And this means the financial support from the companies, or otherwise, the studies in that institution are limited only for students, who have good relationships with the business world, and who have great salaries. But if the students would not have those relationships, they must get support from the government, and some professions like a lawyer and medical doctor are reserved for people, who have studied in the university.


And this means that politicians are giving money to those studies. In this case, there are millions of other things, where that money can spend. If the government gives money, that would want something, what is interesting for national interest. Or otherwise, the government would not give money for the university.


This means the universities must produce something, what is useful for the nation, and this is the most complicated thing in the world. If the argumentation for financial support is not good, the money would not be given. In this case, the financial support must get from the private sector, and in this case, the argumentation and profit must be actual. That's why the companies are willing to get the expertise from the universities for their projects, what are consisting the highest grade of the technology.

There are problems with political leaders graduate works, what might be done in purpose

https://vapaaverkkojulkaiseminen.blogspot.fi/p/there-are-problems-with-political.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Sometimes there is a problem with the graduate works what are made by political leaders, and sometimes those problems like plagiarism are made in purpose, and the purpose of that kind of actions might be that the level of the passing levels of some academical graduates could be downed. Maybe those very well known works are made with knowledge, that this kind of actions might cause some problems. And then somebody makes the report of those graduates. 

After that, there would take big pipe on the hand, and after this, every person, who is suspicious about those works would be stamped as political enemies and after that, the university would get very bad threat, because the political leaders claim that is only the political hunting trip. Of course in this kind of cases, there would be persons, who defend this political leader, by claiming that the political career has been caused the re-checking of the graduate. The problem with political leaders is that they are effective users of media, and of course, there are millions of followers for that leader. 

Of course, university personnel, whose mission is to check those works are only hunting this leader. Every time, when this happens would be guilty find from university, what took the point in secondary things like points and brackets. Persons who are working in University are always wrong because people want to believe that this kind of graduates is so well known and nice people, that they cannot do anything wrong. 

The problem with political leaders is, that their way to use academic studies is sometimes meant for shutting other people mouth, and give portrait that this political leader is the highest grade of the specialist. I don't know how many times the graduate could recheck before the work is done. But those things are always the problem in the academic community, and I hope that there would not find any plagiarism in those checks. 

https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-10201078

https://vapaaverkkojulkaiseminen.blogspot.fi/p/there-are-problems-with-political.html

In memorial Stephen Hawking (8.1.1941-14.3.2018)

Stephen Hawking
(1941-2018)
(Picture 1)

Stephen Hawking was born on the same day than Galileo Galilei and died on the Same day than Albert Einstein was born. He lived with two top scientist, what history knows. And this man raised as big as both of those great men. This man was also isolated from the community because of his syndrome, and that’s why his life was some kind of than Galileo Galilei, who was persecuted for his work. But for me, this man was first the scientist and this is why I’m writing this text like this. I didn't know this man myself, so I don't know about his personal life. I know him by his publishing, and that's why I must write this text by the visual angle of his work


One of the greatest scientific icons of our time is gone forever. He was the great man for his university and all scientific community of the world. This man raised the unique thinking to the front of people mind. He was the man who raised black holes in the greatest things in the Universe. Also, he was one of the most revolutionary thinkers in the world, and even in the old days, he remembered the dangers of artificial intelligence.


When we are talking about Stephen Hawking as the person, we must realize that this man, who was trapped in wheelchair broke borders in the eyes of the people. He had ALS-syndrome, and that trapped him in prison in his own body. But this didn't stop him to make very qualified science. And this is how we remember that man. He was the scientist, who was known for his work in the theoretical physics.


But now this genius is gone forever. Maybe he would now travel in the universe without limits of the material. And this is how nature has ruled. Every individual in the world has time, and that doesn’t make exceptions. The time of Stephen Hawking has come, and he left something to the whole world. He left magnificent scientific material and he was experienced in many scientific movies, what can be found on YouTube. So when we are thinking about this genius, we must say that this man left the big hole in the science community. And there would be very difficult to fill this hole in the world of science.

Sources:

Picture 1:

http://lifemag-ci.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/stephen-hawking.jpg

https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/in-memorial-stephen-hawking-811941.html