Monday, May 5, 2025

The existence of the universe. And false vacuum decay.

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"A false vacuum is at a local minimum of the energy state (right). Its energy is higher than that of the true vacuum (left)." (Simple Wikipedia, False vacuum)

"A scalar field φ (which represents physical position) in a false vacuum. The energy E is higher in the false vacuum than that in the true vacuum or ground state, but there is a barrier preventing the field from classically rolling down to the true vacuum. Therefore, the transition to the true vacuum must be stimulated by the creation of high-energy particles or through quantum-mechanical tunneling." (Wikipedia,  False vacuum)

Some researchers say that 67% of the universe doesn't exist. That means dark energy would not exist. In the quantum world, the existence is not like we think. That it is. We can say that dark energy doesn't exist because we cannot feel it. We cannot use it. And we don't know more than it just pushes large entireties in the universe farther. Some researchers suggest that dark energy is the reflection that comes from some parts of atoms or quarks. So the idea of this thing is the same as when things like laser rays hit metal particles or water balloons or droplets. 

If the energy of the laser ray is high enough. It raises the target's energy level fast enough that thing causes a very high explosion. The water droplet will vaporize less than a millionth of a second and the shockwave of that expansion spread across the air. The same way happens when GRB or some other high-energy burst hits the planet or some other particle. The existence requires the ability to observe and interact with the thing. So maybe dark energy is one of the things that exist and do not exist at the same time. That is one version of the Schrödinger's cat, that lives and is dead, in the same time. 

So, what's that thing connection with the false vacuum decay? The false vacuum is an energy state that is higher than the real vacuum or energy minimum. But it's lower than another environment. The false vacuum is an energy pothole or energy ditch. It can decay if there is an energy wave in that structure. That shares those false vacuums into two parts. Those energy waves that can form very fast in the false vacuum can share those energy ditches into two parts. 



Above) "The sombrero model". The article is on the hilltop that the energy ditch surrounds. If that energy ditch turns too deep, that pulls particles below the edge of that energy ditch. 

That turns particles invisible to us. Energy or wave movement cannot come out from that energy ditch. 

The number of those sub-vacuums depends on the number of those energy waves. When some object drops into a false vacuum. It can go into a hole, that observers cannot see it. The particle must be upper than the edge of the false vacuum that we can see it. There are some cases in which large stars suddenly disappear. There is always a possibility that the star turns into a black hole so fast that the supernova remnants will go behind the event horizon and we cannot see them. The more exotic version is that the star falls into a false vacuum. The low energy level means that the energy cannot go out from the star or the energy pothole that surrounds the star. That means the star will simply disappear. 


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_vacuum

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_vacuum

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