The ancient bacteria can tell what kind of lifeforms is on other planets?

"Artist’s rendering of the process by which microbes captured sunlight for energy with rhodopsin proteins. Credit: Sohail Wasif/UCR" (ScitechDaily.com/Extraterrestrial Life: Ancient Microbes May Help Us Find Alien Life Forms).

The thing is that. If the bacteria can capture sunlight for energy with rhodopsin proteins, that means there is quite a long-term evolution behind that thing. The first bacteria required the RNA or DNA molecule that orders it to create those proteins and also cell organelles that are made possible to create a membrane, ion pumps, and the energy creation molecules for that cell.

Abiogenesis formed the first cells on the Earth. The reason for that is that there was no biomaterial on Earth. Biogenesis requires that there are cells and biomass. The creation of that biomass requires that there is some kind of bacteria or even primitive organisms. Those first organisms used non-organic material as a nutrient. So the alternative for abiogenesis is that life came from somewhere else in the Universe. There are Martian meteorites there are fossils of bacteria.

But the origin of those bacteria can be on Earth. Confirmation of the origin of those primitive, maybe cyanobacteria-looking fossils is impossible. Even if the primitive bacteria of the Earth came from Mars. That thing causes the question: how the life form on Mars? So that thing just moves that prime question farther.

The Earth where the first microbes formed was different than it's today. The atmosphere was poisonous, and volcanic activity was more powerful than its today. Then the first organisms formed in the place called the primordial Sea. That primordian Sea could be separated from the ocean. Because chemical conditions in that pool must be stable enough that the RNA molecules and amino acids can form the first membrane for cells.

The formation of the complicated molecules that the first cells needed requires chemical and physical stable conditions. The fact is that at the first were cells because viruses require cells to multiply. The first cells had no mitochondria. They got their energy from volcanic heat.

Also, physical and chemical conditions must be so stable that the complicated molecules that formed the organs of the first cells are possible to form. Those first organisms had no enemy at all. The reason why I believe that the RNA formed the genomes of the first organisms is that RNA is a simpler molecule than DNA. The origin of the very first organisms on Earth remains a mystery.

The fact is this. The first cells required membrane and cell organelles for making descendants. The thing is that there must be something that made the RNA molecule create the membrane for isolating itself from its environment. The reason why RNA turned to DNA is a mystery. And then another interesting thing is how the first cells got their cell organelles that are important for making the structures of another cell.

And how the first RNA molecule formed is also an interesting question. Things like bacteria and amoebas are getting their genomes from their ancestors. But where did the first RNA start to create the organism? There were no cells. And cell organs at that time when the first RNA molecules formed. So where was the first RNA molecule to get the cell organs that made possible that it could create a cell membrane?

https://scitechdaily.com/extraterrestrial-life-ancient-microbes-may-help-us-find-alien-life-forms/

Black holes cause a virtual redshift because gravitation stretches the wavelength near them.

At the beginning of this text is a film about the redshift of black holes. Gravitation stretches light, and that means gravitation fields are pulling waves longer. That thing is called the gravitational redshift. As you can see from the film, the black hole stretches radiation and distorts the redshift. Gravitational redshift, or virtual redshift, means that a black hole might seem to be at a longer distance than it is. The film shows the redshift of the star that orbits a supermassive black hole. But all other black holes interact the same way. The event horizon is always constant. At that point, the black hole's escaping velocity is the same as the speed of light. So every black hole interacts basically in the same way. And it's possible to apply that model to all black holes irrespective of their size. Is gravitation the thing that forms dark energy? That thing seems somehow strange. But when photons and other particles are traveling through the ball that forms the visible

The shape of the brain means more than neuro connectivity.

Well, we might say that the brain is in its entirety. Another thing is that all things in the brain have some kind of purpose. The shape of the brain and, especially, the folding of the brain shell are extremely important things. Those folds are expanding the brain's surface areas. And the brain shell has a primary role in the thinking process. The surface area of the brain determines how large the cerebral cortex is. And in a large cerebral cortex, there are a large number of neurons. But as I just wrote, the brain is in its entirety. "Researchers have discovered that the shape of a person’s brain significantly impacts thought, feeling, and behavior, overturning the prevailing emphasis on complex neuronal connectivity. Utilizing MRI scans and the principle of eigenmodes, they found that brain function is closely linked to its geometric properties, much like how the shape of a musical instrument determines its sound, offering new avenues for exploring brain function and diseas

New nanomaterial is 4 times harder than steel. And, at the same time 5 times lighter than steel.

New nanomaterial is 4 times harder than steel. And, at the same time 5 times lighter than steel. The new material is the hollow glass fiber with DNA molecules inside that structure. Or as you see from the image. The glass fibers are on both sides of the DNA. DNA molecule is the thing, that involves the genetic code of the cells. Genetically engineered cells can make DNA, and those molecules can used as the nanomaterial's structures. DNA manipulation makes it possible to create new types of extremely strong materials. And those materials are stronger than steel and lighter than it. DNA molecules can act as nano-size springs. And in some visions, genetically engineered cyborg cells like cyborg macrophages can make extremely long DNA molecules. And then they can just use those molecules as spears that can pierce wanted cells. Or those cyborg cells can also dumb targeted cells full of the DNA that terminates them immediately. The DNA and nanotube combinations can also act as DNA-b

Is the cat dead, or is it living? The revolutionary quantum world.

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