The paradox of time, why we cannot imagine crossing the speed of light?

In the beginning, there is one thing that we must realize. Measuring the speed of light is impossible. The reason for that is that we should know the precise value of that thing. The speed of light is not stable. It depends on the medium where photons or light travel. Space is not a vacuum. It's full of particles and electromagnetic fields like radio waves, electrons, and photons. Those particles cause electromagnetic friction, which slows particles. 

The scattering effect where electromagnetic wave motion comes from particles makes a similar effect with air molecules on larger scale systems. That thing causes the network of radiation that slows the object's speed. 

In the beginning, there is one thing that we must realize. Measuring the speed of light is impossible. The reason for that is that we should know the precise value of that thing. The speed of light is not stable. It depends on the medium where photons or light travel. 

The problem with all theories is that their limit is in the speed of light. The speed of light is a cosmic constant. Normally we think that the speed of light is 299,792,458  m/s. And nothing can travel faster than it. Except if the particle is in the gravitation field of the black hole. The black hole will pull even photons inside it. The escaping velocity is directly proportional to the speed of the falling object. 

So in that way, thinking particles can cross the speed of light inside the Schwarzschild radius or event horizon in the black hole. The event horizon is the point where escaping velocity crosses the speed of light. But then we can think that inside the black hole or event horizon all particles including photons are traveling at the same speed. 

But when we are thinking about the form of speed we can determine that thing by using the term kinetic energy. When speed rises the mass and energy of the object rise. And that means there is some kind of energy that will move to that object. So the rise of kinetic energy requires that an object impacts something. 

Those things can be other particles, superstrings, and photons. Whenever a particle hits some other particle or superstring energy travels between those particles. And if the traveling particle has a lower energy level than the "stable particle" that means energy travels to that particle that is at the lower energy level. 

When the particle's speed rises near the speed of light. The only particle that can transfer energy to that object is a photon. That's why we cannot cross the speed of light in classic physics. The thing is that the object cannot reach the speed of the photon is that the diameter of photons is so small. 

And the surface area of the other objects is so large that energy flows away from other particles from so large areas that photons cannot replace that energy. When energy starts to flow away from a particle its speed decreases. 

So how to say speed another way? Can we say that determination for the speed is the number of impacts with photons at a certain time? 

The fact is that the speed of light is not stable. It is relatively constant. The speed of light is different in water than in air and the thin plasma of space. So if we want to create conditions where all particles are traveling at the same speed as photons we must only remove plasma or gas away from the route of the object. So if we want to cross the speed of light we must just create a channel there is an absolute vacuum or all particles and quantum fields are removed. 

The time paradox by Albert Einstein is the limit that makes us hard to imagine crossing the speed of light. Time dilation or the thing where time moves slower when the speed of particle increases is a problematic thing because the limit of that model is the speed of light. When a particle reaches the speed of light time stops. 

And if the speed of the particle crosses the speed of light that means the time should turn to travel backward. The reason for that is that the particle travels through quantum fields so often that it will load new energy onto it. And that thing decreases the vaporization or the particle's changing to wave motion. 

But then we can start to think of time dilation another way. Increasing the energy level of the particle also slows time on it. When the energy level increases level where escaping velocity is the same as the speed of light, the particle will not age anymore. 

And when the escaping velocity turns higher than the speed of light, the particle will turn younger. The reason for that is that the particle will not let energy or wave motion escape from it. 

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The moment when the quantum systems meet

Image 1

 

Maurits Escher's drawings "Section of Relativity" (Image 1), "House of Stairs" (Image 2) and "Waterfall" (Image 3) can use to introduce quantum systems. 

The rule in quantum systems is that if two quantum systems are impacting, they can form a new stable system only if their energy level is the same. If the energy levels of those systems are different. The system that is in a higher energy level continues its journey and breaks the symmetry. And a new quantum system will be broken. 

So that's why fusion tests should be used particles, that have the same energy level. If energy levels are different the quantum system will not last long enough that new particles can form. The asymmetry in energy causes the particle in a higher energy level will travel through the particle that is at a lower energy level. 

There is a couple of rules in quantum systems. Quantum systems can be horizontal or vertical. The frequency of quantum systems determines their place horizontally. And the energy level determines its vertical position. 

All quantum systems are part of another, larger quantum system. The universe is the largest known quantum system. And that means all other quantum systems are part of at least one quantum system called the universe. 

The energy level of the quantum system rises until it reaches the maximum possible level. And then the quantum systems start to lose energy. The fact is that energy is wave motion. And the requirement of the energy transfer to the quantum system is that the frequency of wave motion can resonate with those particles. 

Image 2

The exchange of information requires that another quantum system is at a higher energy level. If we want to make two-way communication between two quantum systems we must change their energy level. The sending or "talking" system must be always at a higher energy level than receiving or "hearing" system. 

The rise of the energy level requires that the quantum system gets energy from outside. The energy level in the quantum system rises until energy stress ends. The quantum system starts to deliver energy when energy stress ends. 

Complex quantum systems can contain multiple energy sources but they can be inside quantum subsystems. And they can interact only through those quantum subsystems. That means those energy sources are normally unreachable for actors that are outside of those subsystems. 

Hierarchic quantum systems are like towers. They require energy to keep their form. If energy is gone the quantum system collapses. So in that case the "tower-looking" quantum system turns into a flat quantum system. 

In the "Section of Relativity", another mummy, that we can call "boy" in this text is coming down from the upper energy level. And another boy is raising in stairs. Those boys in the image could introduce two quantum subsystems in the entirety of hierarchical quantum systems.

Image 3

 

That other boy is at a higher level and carries a tea set. And that means that boy had a different mass than the boy who is rising on energy stairs. That tray makes that boy or quantum system also asymmetric. Those boys or quantum subsystems are facing just in the middle of the main system. 

When quantum systems are changing their information they must have the same frequency. And another principle is that they must be hierarchic. That means another quantum system must have a higher energy level. The thing in quantum communication is simply the quantum systems must have the same frequency but different energy levels so that the information can flow. If we want to transfer the particle from the first quantum system to another quantum system, we must have the same frequency as another quantum system. Or we cannot exchange information between those particles. 

Being in the middle of the quantum system doesn't mean that the particle is a member of the quantum system. "Membership of the quantum system" means that the particle can exchange information with other particles. 

That's why we cannot see dark matter. Dark matter has a different frequency. And it belongs to a different quantum system than visible material. In the same way, the creature is made of dark matter. We cannot see material that is visible to us. 

The door is the quantum gate. The boys must walk through that quantum gate, But the problem is that in quantum systems they must make the side step. This is the reason why quantum communication is somehow so complicated. If we want to exchange information between two quantum systems we must find the energy level that is common to both of them. 

That is the maximum energy level of the quantum system. Then we must simply take the group of the particles and wait that the dominating particle group re-adjust the recessive particle group. And if we want to exchange information between dark and visible material we must find the maximum energy level of the universe. The ability to exchange information between systems makes systems visible to each other. 

So there is needed the asymmetrical energy impulse that the quantum system can make that sidewalk, step in the quantum gate, and switch the quantum system. But the fact is that even though those boys are members of the larger quantum system they cannot exchange all information. Their frequency is not the same. 

The quantum system that comes from the higher energy level adjusts the particle that has a lower energy level to a new frequency and energy level. The reason for that is the exchange of information is always interaction. And when those quantum systems face the system, that is in upper energy level can continue its way only if it has energy left. If the energy level of those systems is the same. They are forming one stable system. 

But in that case, the system freezes at that level. This is why the fusion experiments should use the same energy level in particles that are impacting together. 

Images: Wikipedia

Physicists broke the speed of light by using pulses inside the hot plasma.

In that case, the hot plasma forms the warp bubble around the object. And then that thing can make the situation where the object can fly faster than the speed of light. 

In some visions, the extremely hot ion plasma pulses would shoot into an ion cloud. That thing turns ions away from their route. And that thing makes it possible to create the electromagnetic wormhole through that ion (or anion) plasma cloud. 

The idea of that thing is easy. The hot plasma is formed by ions pushing other material out from the area. Then the ion beam will shoot to that cloud. The repelling effect of those high-energy ions will push the ion cloud away from their route. If those high-energy ion beams are repeating fast enough they can form the wormhole or electromagnetic vacuum or synthetic electromagnetic wormhole through that ion plasma. 

If the researchers want to use negative energy impulses they might want to use anions. In that case, the channel through the anion cloud can be made by using high-energy electron beams. The idea is that if the beam has the same polarity as the plasma around it will push the plasma away from its route. And that makes it possible to create conditions where particles can travel faster than usual. 

WARP bubbles are interesting things. They can be the plasma bubbles that are isolating the sphere inside them from the outer world. The idea is that the speed of the WARP bubble is rising as high as possible. And then the object inside that bubble will push ahead. That thing makes it theoretically possible to cross the speed of light. That technology is far away in the future. But we have the right to dream about that thing. 

Image and sources: 

https://www.sciencealert.com/physicists-broke-the-speed-of-light-with-pulses-inside-hot-plasma

The problem is how to deny energy flow away from the craft at the moment when it reaches the speed of photons. 

Illustration of WARP-craft. The main problem in the crossing of the speed of light is how to make energy flow continue to craft when it reaches the speed of photons. One version is to shoot the craft by using laser rays just in time when it reaches the speed of light. 

The idea is that the nose of the craft is in as low an energy level as possible. And that allows energy to flow to the craft so near to the speed of light as possible. The question about crossing the speed of light is how to make energy flow to hypothetical craft from photons. The reason for that is that crossing the speed of light seems at least very difficult that the only particle that can transfer energy to craft near the speed of light is a photon. But when the craft reaches the speed of a photon the energy starts to flow away from the craft. 

One version to increase the energy of the spacecraft's core is to make its impact on the atom. That impact will increase the energy of that craft. The atom can deliver from the craft that travels forward of the main unit. Or another version is to pull ions to craft. That thing makes it possible to create a situation where the crossing of the speed of light happens virtually. 

And then that energy will make the craft jump across the speed of light.  The last version is to fly the craft against a laser ray that increases its energy level and denies energy flow away from its core at the speed of the photon. In the place of the word, "craft" can also be a word "particle". 

The energy wave that could allow crossing the speed of light can also be easy to create. 

"Two-dimensional visualization of an Alcubierre drive, showing the opposing regions of expanding and contracting spacetime that displace the central region". (Wikipedia, Alcubierre Drive) 

The thing that can make the energy wave possible that increases the mass of the object so much that it can jump across the speed of light could be the side coming energy. If an energy load hits to object from the sides at 90 degrees angle it can form the energy wave that makes Alcubierre's drive possible. 

The idea is that the antimatter annihilation would happen at the sides of the theoretical craft. That travels as close to the speed of light as possible. So another name for gravitation is energy. And energy load to the object can increase by making annihilation at the sides of the object. 

Above is the diagram of the energy transfer to WARP-craft. 

1) The craft

2) Energy impulse that comes from sideways. 

3) Thrust of the antimatter engine. 

Around the craft would be the accelerator where is the second annihilation chamber. When an antimatter engine accelerates the craft so close to the speed of light the accelerator around it will send the energy impulse to the body of the craft. And that energy increases its weight or energy so much that it can cross the speed of light. 

When we are thinking about things like Alcubierre drive where an object rides with energy waves we must realize one thing. The reason why particles cannot cross the speed of light in CERN is that they must travel through multiple magnetic fields. That means that energy travels out from the particle when it hits a new magnetic field. 

But there is the possibility that also Alcubierre's drive can work. The idea is that if the extra energy comes to the object from the sides that thing makes it possible that the energy level of the object rises so high that it can cross the speed of light. But as I wrote before everyday use of that technology is far away in the future. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcubierre_drive

 

Single cells are more intelligent than researchers expected.

"To divide or not? Individual cells make their decisions much more autonomously than previously thought". (ScitechDaily.com/Single Cells Are More Intelligent Than Scientists Previously Thought)

DNA can be the ultimate medicine of the future. Theoretically, the researchers can create DNA bites that are ordering bacteria to leave the body. Or they can create the DNA bites that are ordering cancer cells to die. 

The idea that bases the new research that is telling that single cells are more intelligent than scientists previously thought. The research is published in ScitechDaily.com. There is a link to that article below this text. 

Bacteria have chemical brains in their DNA plasmids. The mission of those plasmids is to control the everyday actions of bacteria. But now researchers of the University of Zurich are seen that also other cells have an intelligent control system that is based on the DNA molecule or some yet unknown chemicals. 

The researchers say that the cells are making decisions by using both, outside and inside factors. And another thing is that cells are more intelligent so they can make more complicated decisions than scientists predicted. Those decisions are, of course, when cells need to divide. 

But there is the possibility that this ability to make choices by using internal factors explains why some medicals are not effective against cancer. Or how bacteria turn resistant to antibiotics. In that model, cells are learning to avoid some chemicals like antibiotics. 

So, we can make the hypothesis that bacteria and other cells are exchanging more complicated information than we even thought. In that hypothesis, the bacteria tell another individual what it just ate. And if the chemical signals of that bacteria are gone other bacteria know that some chemicals must not eat. 

The idea of learning cells is not new. We know that the immune defense is learning the dangerous antigens. The vaccines have based on the idea that the immune system learns to detect dangerous viruses. And then the immune system starts to attack viruses earlier than without a vaccine. 

But we know that bacteria and immune cells can exchange genetic material. Some bacteria or large immune cells have many nuclei. And those cells can transfer one of those nuclei to the other cells. When bacteria or other cells are changing genomes. They are discussing or changing information. The fact is that we don't know how complicated information those cells can exchange. 

Things like phobias are genetically heritable. We know that everybody is afraid of things like snakes and spiders. That thing is stored in the DNA of the people. But now we know that some other things are also written in that chemical memory. The information of learning cells helps researchers to find new ways to create new ways to give therapy for cancer or bacteria infections. 

And in the wildest dreams or imaginations in the future researchers just tell cells that they must stop dividing. Or they just tell harmful bacteria that they must leave patients alone. In that vision during the infection, the medical staff just creates the DNA bites that are ordering certain bacteria to leave the body. Or the DNA bites are just telling that cancer cells must die. But those things are part of the future. 

https://scitechdaily.com/single-cells-are-more-intelligent-than-scientists-previously-thought/

Image: https://scitechdaily.com/single-cells-are-more-intelligent-than-scientists-previously-thought/

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The new resonating metasurfaces are offering new solutions for quantum research.

The image above shows how resonating metasurface created by Max Planck Institute creates photon pairs and puts them to quantum entanglement. That metasurface makes it possible to create quantum systems that are oscillating with different wavelengths. The ability to create quantum entanglements in multiple different wavelengths will boost the R&D of quantum computers. 

And it can also use for developing lattice-based cryptography for the next generation of data security. The idea in lattice-based cryptography is that each quantum state in a quantum computer is protected by using separate and independent encryption algorithms and protocols. 

In that model, every single wavelength of the quantum computer is an independent lattice. And that thing makes it possible to create an extremely high-secured data transportation system. 

Every single quantum state or layer in qubit can be encrypted separately. And that makes that system very secure. Also, data can travel in hollow laser rays in the form of qubits. So that makes it hard to detect the qubit that will not touch the laser ray. 

The next-generation quantum algorithms,  used for securing data against quantum-computer-based attacks are hybrid systems. They are using multi-level encryption. And the lattice-based system is always secured. Even if one of those lattices is broken the attacker will not get the entire data. The system shares data with multiple lattices. 

Every lattice will be encrypted independently. They can use separate algorithms. And that thing minimizes damages in the case of a cyber-attack. 

https://scitechdaily.com/resonant-metasurfaces-offer-exiciting-new-possibilities-for-quantum-research/

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Is dark energy some kind of version of the Meissner effect?

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Could hypothetical graviton act like magnetic monopoles? 

There is one thing that we might forget. Could mysterious graviton be the monopole? That means the gravitons are monopoles that are pushing each other. 

The direction where the gravitation effect moves particles depends on the size of the graviton clouds that both push particles away from each other. The larger graviton group wins the game and pushes the object through the smaller graviton cloud. 

If gravitons act like magnetic monopoles, that can explain why the universe expands. But that thing requires that graviton exists. Graviton could be a particle that acts like a magnetic monopole. That means the gravitation is the repelling force. And the direction of the gravitation depends on the size of the graviton clouds. The larger graviton cloud pushes particles through the smaller graviton cloud. But if the graviton cloud is symmetric that means gravitons will push each other away. 

Gravitation is wave motion. So the graviton particle should exist. If graviton acts like a magnetic monopole that can also explain, why those particles are hard to detect. They can flow above the layer or impact it. And that makes those measurements impossible. 

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Could the image above this text explain why dark energy pushes the universe larger? When wave motion will travel over the particle it forms an electromagnetic vacuum ahead of the particle. That thing could explain why the dark energy cannot interact. The idea is that dark energy is simply the electromagnetic vacuum that pulls particles ahead. 

In some other visions, the dark energy is the mirror force of some very well-known interactions. There is the theory that all forces have mirror forces. Like all particles have mirror-or anti-particle pair. All mirror effects except mirror gravitation are found. As an example in the mirror-version of the weak nuclear interaction, W and Z, bosons changed their role. That thing rips the atom's nucleus into pieces. 

But why does gravitation has no opposite force? The thing is that there should be a mysterious graviton. The transporter particle of the gravitation. The problem is that graviton is a purely hypothetical particle. If we are thinking that all forces are similar to electromagnetism, they all should have pull and pushing effects. 

One of the explanations for dark energy is that it could be similar to the Meissner effect. When wave motion crosses the particle it makes an electromagnetic vacuum at the opposite side of that particle. The thing in the Meissner effect is that the airflow together with energy transfer is levitating objects above the superconducting layer. 

So maybe dark energy is a similar effect but the thing that is making that affect different is that the size of interacting particles is different and the time of wave motion effect to the particle is far longer than on Earth. 

When wave motion hits a particle it pushes it forward. Or otherways saying the electromagnetic vacuum at the opposite side will make the object travel through space. That effect continues even in the millennium. 

That means the electromagnetic vacuum in the direction where that particle moves will turn deeper. And the side-coming wave motion increases the energy level of that particle. So the particle is like in Warp-drive. When that kind of particle whose energy level is hyper-high travels in the universe it sends wave motion. 

But when an extremely fast particle travels in the universe it makes a channel behind it. When that electromagnetic turbulence channel will be filled air molecules fill the channel behind the aircraft. In that case, the wave motion makes the same thing. When the wave motion or some extremely small particles crosses that channel their speed can increase faster than the cosmic speed limit in other places in the universe. 

That means the dark energy would form when particles or wave motion crosses the extremely thin electromagnetic vacuum channels. That channel is so thin. That the channel goes through the particle. And that motion is so small that it's hard to detect. In some other versions of this idea is that the super-fast particles are making a vacuum behind them. And those vacuums are pulling the universe larger. 

The particle itself is within the limit for turning into a quantum-size black hole. So in some models, the dark energy is the radiation that comes from quantum-size black holes. 

And sooner or later the particle would send photons to the electromagnetic vacuum. Those photons are traveling faster than other photons. When they hit to quantum field those photons will slow sending wave motion. So could that wave motion be the reason for dark energy? 

See also:

Dark energy

Graviton

Meissner effect

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There is no need for a fifth force to explain dark energy.

Even if chameleon forces exist, they are extremely hard to detect. The reason for that is that those hypothetical forces are connected with all other forces. And they are like carrier waves that are putting those other forces moving. 

There is the possibility that the fifth force is virtual. That means it could be some well-known force that has some source or form that we don't know or we haven't seen yet. 

The mythic fifth force that will connect all other forces is still unreachable. The fact is that the new evidence shows that the chameleon force is a myth. And it's not even existed. We don't need chameleon force to explain dark energy. Dark energy can be something like some kind of electromagnetic "hum". 

There is the possibility that the cosmic hum that Voyager 1 found can be the thing that explains dark energy. When that monotonic wave motion hits plasma the energy level of the particles rises until that energy can break out from the particle. That requires the energy level of the particle rises to a higher level than stressing electromagnetic radiation.

When that radiation or wave motion comes out from the particle. It impacts incoming wave motion. That causes whirls in those impact points. Whirls of wave motion are acting like real particles. So that's why those whirls are called "virtual particles". 

When wave motion travels in space there is another wave motion that impacts it. When two wave motion lines with the same frequency are impacting each other they are acting like lasers. That thing is called maser (or laser if the wave motion is visible light)-emission. That means the growth of spontaneous strength of the wave motion when energy impacts it. 

What is the chameleon force, if it exists? Possible the chameleon force is virtual, as I wrote at the beginning of this text. 

The legendary Muon G-2 anomaly stays. And that's it. But nobody knows what causes that mysterious anomaly. So could that thing happen when Muon hits the dark matter particle, or did it touch the wave of dark energy?

Chameleon force is the myth. It's the legend of the "carrier wave" that will carry all other transporter particles or force carriers. Unlike all other forces, the chameleon force would have only a wave-motion form. But then we can return to the top and say that the chameleon force does not exist as a "real" force. 

But there is one exciting possibility. And that thing is that the fifth force is the virtual effect or virtual force. That means it could be the wave motion that is left from open superstrings. Or some kind of shadow that forms when superstrings are undulating. 

But that strange fifth force doesn't explain dark energy. The thing that makes dark energy interesting is that it's dominating. But nobody sees it. And that thing makes dark energy so interesting. The fact is that dark energy doesn't require a fifth force for existence. 

Dark energy is wave motion that rips the universe into pieces. And that thing is all that we know about that strange thing. The source of dark energy is a mystery. But maybe someday we can solve that mystery. 

https://www.sciencenews.org/article/chameleon-force-new-dark-energy-experiment

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muon_g-2

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