The toughest material on Earth.

"These images, generated from scanning electron microscopy, show the grain structures and crystal lattice orientations of (A) CrMnFeCoNi and (B) CrCoNi alloys. (C) and (D) show examples of fractures in CrCoNi at 293 K and 20 K, respectively. Credit: Robert Ritchie/Berkeley" (Phys.org/Say hello to the toughest material on Earth)

Today the toughest material on Earth is a combination of chromium, cobalt, and nickel (CrCoNi). The thing that makes this material so tough is the low temperature. And in 20 Kelvin that material turns stronger than a diamond. The problem with that kind of material is that their strength needs extremely low temperatures that the crystallization that makes those materials hard can form.

Mainly that kind of tough metal alloy that turns tougher in low temperatures can be the perfect material for superconducting systems. The superconducting wires must connect to something. And regular materials are turning fragile in extremely low temperatures.

So metal alloy can use in superconducting systems if there is some kind of mechanical stress. The problem with regular superconducting systems is that they are not resistant to mechanical shock. And that metal which turns tougher in low temperatures gives the low-temperature systems new abilities. The spacecraft that operates in extremely low temperatures can use that alloy as armor.

There is an article in the Phys.Org about that material. But even if the metal alloy turns harder than diamond only in low temperatures there could be used in that kind of material that extremely tough metal alloy can be used as the armor in spacecraft that travel to the edge of the solar system. There is a possibility that the spacecraft has armor that is protecting it against micrometeorites. And that extremely tough metal alloy can protect spacecraft in that area.

https://phys.org/news/2022-12-toughest-material-earth.html

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