Monday, May 22, 2023

How to connect General Relativity and quantum theory?


Researchers want to connect quantum theory with General Relativity. And the key element in that process is to explain. What is the curvature of the universe? When the universe is curving researchers must know what is curving, and one explanation is that the curvature of the universe is the denser Higgs field. 

If the gravitational field pushes the Higgs field denser that causes a situation that the densing Higgs field pulls more energy in the particle that travels in the gravitational center. If the denser Higgs field is the thing that is the curvature of the universe, that makes it easier to connect General Relativity and quantum theory. 

When we are thinking about the interaction of the black hole and its environment, we can think that the event horizon is the point where the superstring is same time inside and outside the point, where escaping velocity reaches the speed of light. Just at the point of the event horizon, the superstring could transmit radiation out from the black hole. 

There is the possibility that the point of the event horizon is quantum whirls or quantum rolls. Those quantum rolls are inputting energy to the superstring that travels through the event horizon. And maybe those superstrings can explain the gravitational waves of the black hole. 


"In the background: the gravitational lens effect, an example of an effect explained by relativity. With quantum particles, analogous effects can be studied. Credit: NASA / TU Wien" (ScitechDaily.com/Bridging Quantum Theory and Relativity: Curved Spacetime in a Quantum Simulator)

Diagram of that interaction. In that model, the event horizon is a series of quantum rolls. 



Qauntun rolls: Circles

Superstring: Arrows

                     

Researchers can create this system in real life. It could be the most powerful engine. But it might use some other type of wave movement than superstrings. 

When a 2D superstring travels in the universe and impacts the electromagnetic- or quantum field it forms two whirls around it. That thing happens also at the point of the event horizon. And those whirls are acting like quantum rolls that are impacting energy in the superstring. 

There is the possibility that those superstrings are traveling in and out of the black hole. The superstrings that are traveling out from the event horizon could explain the gravitational waves. The graviton or the hypothetical gravitational transmitter particle could be so small, that it's impossible to see. In some models, the graviton is something near the Higgs boson. 

That means the turbulence disappears the gravitational radiation under it. And that's why the sender of the gravitational waves must be so massive that there are lots of gravitons that receiving system can detect those gravitational waves. But there is the possibility that superstrings, the hypothetical base element of material also can act as the graviton. The superstring could act like some kind of water impact. The speed of superstrings could be a little bit faster than the particles. 

And that thing causes a situation that when a superstring travels through a particle it takes Higgs field from inside it. That means material turns smaller when it reaches the speed of light or travels near the point where escaping velocity is near the speed of light. When a particle turns smaller, the Higgs field pushes it stronger. 

It is possible that in the black holes or their event horizons, the superstrings that are impacting the event horizon are touching the quantum roll and in that case, the quantum roll can throw the superstring back to the space. In that case, the source of gravitational waves is near the event horizon. 

But there is a possibility that there is a disk of gravitational waves or some other wave movement. And then that disk will accelerate the superstrings so that they can travel out from the black hole. The superstring is the smallest form of material and the source of those gravitational waves would be so small particles that we cannot see them. And one candidate for that thing is those superstrings. 


https://scitechdaily.com/bridging-quantum-theory-and-relativity-curved-spacetime-in-a-quantum-simulator/

Wednesday, May 17, 2023

The black hole is like a tube through spacetime.


The model of the black hole is that thing makes time travel backward inside the event horizon. But we can think of the black hole as a tube that travels through the universe. Time is dilated on the event horizon. And that means the black hole itself looks frozen. The event horizon is the point where time stops. 

And that makes the black hole very interesting. When a black hole touches the hypersurface of the present that hypersurface of the present is like some kind of elevator, that travels around the black hole. So the black hole is like the tube that connects two points in the universe and spacetime. The black hole might look like frozen, but it has its limits. 

The existence of the black hole is not infinite. And that means we can think that a black hole as the tube that has begun and ended. The thing is that, if we are attempting to slip into the black hole from the wrong point, we are facing a big problem. The thing is similar we try to go in the tube through its wall. The black hole connects the future and the past. And that thing makes it the most important object in the universe. 









Black holes are forming in the most high-energy reactions in the universe. That energy level forms the gravitational center where all quarks and other subatomic particles are forming the entirety called a singularity. Normally that type of material is described as the entirety of material and time. 

The supernova or kilonova pushes those particles with so high force, that it reaches the maximum energy level of the universe. In some other models, the super- or kilonova forms a similar effect to the vacuum bomb. And then the material and its electromagnetic fields are dropped inside the vacuum. And that thing causes extremely high power energy production. 

When we are looking at the image (that is the Window's background image)  we can think that the hypersurface of the present is like this. Normally, some wrinkles of the hypersurface of the present are not in order. Those wrinkles are causing friction. And the black holes are pulling them into a straight line. Also, black holes are pulling the hypersurface present inside them.  The rag is acting like a Higgs field around the gravitational center. If that gravitational center is strong enough, it forms a clean spiral or whirls around it. The gravitational center must have enough high power that it can form a static or stable structure. 

Those wrinkles in the hypersurface of the present are making it hard to reach the speed of light. If those wrinkles are straight, it's hard to make particles interact with those fields. Those particles float like corks on water. And that thing makes it hard to detect their existence. 

Gravitational lensing and black holes can uncover the secret of dark matter and maybe also dark energy.


But let's start with hyperdrives. 


When energy travels in the particle, it increases its speed, or the particle accelerates. At the point in the acceleration track where a particle reaches energy stability, it delivers as much energy, as it gets from outside. And, at that point, acceleration ends. When energy starts to transfer out from the particle its speed decreases. 

In some models, the laser beam will aim to the point where the particle's speed is as close to the speed of light as possible. When that beam crosses the road of the particle, it will reach a higher speed than the speed of light.  Another version is that the quantum thermal pump will pull energy out from the internal structure of the particle. In that model, the quantum-size laser ray will send through the particle. 

So if there made a lower energy channel in the particle. That thing can turn energy travel inside the particle when it reaches the speed of light. 

In that model, the hyperdrive is the laser ray or ion beam that travels through the spacecraft. That kind of system makes the craft lower energy or colder. And then that system pulls energy out from the craft's shell. That thing makes it possible. That energy travels in it longer than in regular cases. 



The black hole pulls energy or a quantum field inside it. 


A black hole is an extremely powerful object that pulls particles inside it. And researchers hope that black holes can uncover the secrets of dark energy. There is the theory. That the black holes form whirls that cause friction or interaction between WIMPs (Weakly Interactive Massive Particles). 

And those whirls are the source of dark energy. And the thing is that kinds of models are always as good as other models until they are proven wrong. Researchers hope that the gravitational waves of black holes and kilonova explosions push the dark matter so dense that it can interact with visible material. 

The problem with a black hole is that pulls its environment inside it. That thing causes a situation. That particles act like the cork in the river. In that case, the interaction between the particle and the field that transfers it to the black hole is weak. Or otherwise thinking, the particle will not send visible wave movement as much as usual. The waves that that particle sends act like waves in the river when somebody drops a cork in the flow. 

That means the material doesn't act around black holes as it should act in a normal universe. So when we are modeling that material turns shorter when it reaches the speed of light, we are using a model. That is not suitable in the black hole and curvature universe. At least if there is something that makes the curve or gravitational pothole at the front of the traveling object. 

When a particle travels in a normal universe it faces the quantum field. That quantum field acts like air in the molecular world. It pushes the particle flat when it reaches the speed of light. The black hole will stretch that object. But there is one thing that people always forget when they are talking about the black hole and its interaction with its environment. Quantum fields near black holes are not static. 

Black holes pull the quantum fields or Higgs field in them. And that thing forms a situation where the particle travels into the black hole with the quantum field that travels like a river. So the virtual speed near the black hole is lower than it seems from outside that gravitational effect. That thing will push the object to form that looks like spaghetti. 

In some models, if some person sits in a spacecraft that reaches the speed of light that person sees that the universe turns smaller. The fact is that is the result of time dilation. But also the object's size turn smaller, and its shell turns larger in comparison to its internal structures. 

The light cone is the thing that shows the problem that a particle faces when it reaches the speed of light. The particle must press itself through the light wall. 

Then we can return to thinking about the particle's behavior when it closes to the speed of light in the normal universe. At first, the particle turns flat, and then it starts to create a pothole in the universe. 

Very fast-traveling particles form the pothole or channel behind them. The quantum field acts like water and when something very fast travels in it, it creates a channel behind it. That is similar to what a bullet makes in the air. So light travels behind that particle faster than outside that channel. 

And if there is some kind of light wave or light string that impacts the particle from backward it can make the situation where the particle will compress. If the superstring or extremely thin light string travels through the particle it acts like a thermal pump. That thermal pump transports energy out from the particle. And it also decreases the quantum pressure in it. That allows it to make a situation where the energy continues to travel in the particle. 


Tuesday, May 16, 2023

Could photons make similar holes as electrons? (Story of two hypothetical particles dark photon and graviton.)

 





"Fluorescence and birefringence of 445 nm laser in calcite crystal. The blue laser beam is only visible when the blue light is scattered, for example, by dust particles. Due to the 1.3s exposure time, no individual dust particles can be seen. Dust particles are present in the air, but not in the crystal. In the crystal, some part of the blue light is absorbed and re-emitted as orange light, which is called fluorescence. Most of the blue light just continues to the other end of the crystal. On the lower left you can see the laser beam going in". (Wikipedia/Photon)

Part of the light is reflected on the front surface of the crystal; this is the beam you see on the upper left. In the crystal, the two polarisations are refracted by different angles, forming two beams in the crystal. At the end surface, the two beams (both of which are polarised along the axes of the crystal) are refracted back to their original direction, forming the two parallel beams on the right. Inside the crystal, the two beams cause fluorescence and non-polarised orange light is emitted from each point along both beams in every direction. As this light leaves the crystal, it's separated into two orthogonal polarisations, which are refracted by different angles, so that the observer sees four orange beams. The additional spots and beams you can see result from internal reflections". (Wikipedia/Photon)


The dark photon 


"In physics, chemistry, and electronic engineering, an electron hole (often simply called a hole) is a quasiparticle denoting the lack of an electron at a position where one could exist in an atom or atomic lattice. Since in a normal atom or crystal lattice, the negative charge of the electrons is balanced by the positive charge of the atomic nuclei, the absence of an electron leaves a net positive charge at the hole's location" (Wikipedia/Electron hole)

Could photons make similar holes as electrons? The photon hole would be similar to an electron hole, but its size is smaller. And if that theoretical hole exists it can make many things possible. The dark photon would be a similar thing as the electron hole. The dark photon would make faster-than-light communication possible because it pulls and absorbs outcoming radiation.

The dark photon would pull the Higgs field inside it, and then aim that radiation away from that structure at the point of its axles. That thing makes it theoretically possible that the time will be over-dilated in those particles. And that causes that time travels backward in them. The reason for that could be that there is a quantum-size black hole in that hypothetical particle. There is the theory that the graviton is the miniature black hole that hovers in the quantum world. 

Theoretically is possible that the photon has a mirror particle. Sometimes researchers call that theoretical particle a dark photon. But where that dark photon hides? Theoretically is possible that the dark photon is similar thing as the electron hole. 

The electron hole is the place that is left when an electron is jumping out from the orbital. The electron can form a quasiparticle called exciton when the electron starts to orbit its hole. So could a photon make a similar hole with an electron? And could that photon hole explain why gravitation interacts with all particles? 

The idea is that all particles including photons, have whisk-looking structures. The idea is that the spinning particle has Higgs fields out and inside the structure. The photon's spin is one, which means it rotates around its axle. 

And that thing means that the photon will not be aging. The aging of photons is not confirmed even, in the cases where photons stopped. So that means the photon is rotating with the speed of light. Or there is something inside the photon that causes absolute time dilation? There is a possibility that the photon sends some kind of radiation that makes it impossible to interact with other particles. 





"The cone shows possible values of wave 4-vector of a photon. The "time" axis gives the angular frequency (rad⋅s−1) and the "space" axis represents the angular wavenumber (rad⋅m−1). Green and indigo represent left and right polarization". (Wikipedia/Photon). In some models, the hypothetical graviton is impossible because it travels out from the black hole. And in the wildest visions, the graviton has four dimensions. So in that model, the photon requires one (or more) extra vectors that it could turn into a graviton. 


There is the possibility that the photon's structure is similar to the electron. The reason why I believe that it is also a photon that has a whisk-looking structure is that the quantum computer tests photons to have internal superpositions. And the thing that makes a photon interesting is that it has no mass. 

Is the photon itself the particle that hovers between electromagnetic fields? Or is there some other particle inside the photon? The reason for that conclusion is the charm quark, that is inside proton. That particle is heavier than a proton. But that hadron includes that super-heavy subatomic particle. The reason why this is possible is that charm quarks hovers inside the proton. And we can use this thing as a model, of why a photon the particle of light seems to have no mass. 

So could a photon include a similar structure, that sends radiation or surrounds it through it, and that thing causes a situation that photon will deliver the same energy level as it gets? And that makes photons hover over the quantum fields. 

But is that thing the black hole? The quantum size black hole could be smaller than the shortest wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum. And that thing makes the radiation that those black holes send unable or very hard to detect. That kind of hypothetical black holes can push the electromagnetic fields away from them. So in that model, the photon is the shine that surrounds extremely small black holes. 

The reason why things like quarks are aging is that their spin is 1/2. So those particles rotate back and forth. And after every 1/2 round, they change their spin direction. And when they are changing their direction they send radiation. And that radiation is the quantum vapor, that turns the 

Could graviton be so small a bite of wave movement that it acts like a particle? That means the graviton could be like a small cylinder or tornado. 

There is the possibility. That gravitation has only the form of a wave moment. But if something like a superstring, the smallest possible form of information falls into the black hole, that thing sends radiation that wavelength is the same as the thickness of that superstring. So if that superstring sends the wave movement it can have so short wavelength. That this wave movement acts like a small particle. 

Gravitation is an effect that interacts with something that exists in all known particles. The gravitational interaction can look like the case where a bullet travels through an apple. The gravitational wave or hypothetical graviton particle will travel through the small elementary particle. And that thing forms the channel through that particle. 

The Higgs field would travel through that channel, and that thing pulls the particle in some direction. While that particle or wave movement travels through the particle it pushes the Higgs field inside the particle backward. And that thing makes the electromagnetic overpressure act like a rocket engine. 

When we think of the scenario in all particles as that kind of quantum black hole. There is the possibility that information or superstrings can make radiation or gravitational waves. That is acting like virtual particles. Or antennas that are sending the wave movement around the universe. 


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_photon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exciton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_hole

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_field

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark


https://anewtonsapple.blogspot.com/


Wednesday, May 10, 2023

The new type of magnetism breaks the limits. And it also gives a chance to model gravitation.

 The new type of magnetism breaks the limits. And it also gives a chance to model gravitation. 


Intense laser rays can transform a solid's magnetic less than an attosecond. That means the laser rays are turning some components in the atomic structure in the same direction. And that thing makes those structures magnetic. Magnetization is the case, where all poles in the metallic grid are turning in the same direction. The laser pulses are acting like wind, which affects the atoms in those structures and then it will make them magnetic. 

Maybe the gravitational effect is similar. There is a possibility that gravitational waves or waves in Higgs field are turning quarks or gluons in the subatomic structures into the same direction. Or they would turn those structures acting like magnets. 

"An intense laser pulse is shone onto the material, inducing ultrafast spin flipping processes that occur on a timescale of ~100 attoseconds. Credit: © J. Harms, MPSD" (ScitechDaily.com/Ultrafast Magnetism: Intense Lasers Magnetize Solids Within Attoseconds)


But the structure where that thing affects is smaller than a structure that forms electromagnetism. That thing makes gravitation so universal force. The reason why gravitation has no poles, or it can pull all particles including photons, means that there is some structure in all particles that makes gravitation touch it. 

So could gluon and photon be the same particle? Gluon is the transmitter-particle of strong nuclear interaction. And is that particle so-called chameleon particle, that makes a gravitation effect to all particles including photons? In that model, the photon is the particle that turns the Higgs field into a roll around it. 

So gravitation could affect the Higgs field around the object. But there is a possibility that this interaction happens through photons. That means the photon is the axle that aims the Higgs field through the particle out from its poles. The photon would make an axle where the Higgs field impacts. And if a photon can aim the radiation of the Higgs field in certain directions, that means that the outcoming Higgs field replaces the field and that the photon aims out from the poles of the particle. 

It affects structures that are inside protons and neutrons. So those structures might be quarks. Or maybe they are gluons. There is a theory that maybe photon and gluon are the same particles. And the photon that is trapped between quarks inside the proton's and neutron's structure are photons. The thing is that gravitation affects also photons, and that means there must be the same structure in every single particle in the universe. So could a photon be that structure? 


https://scitechdaily.com/ultrafast-magnetism-intense-lasers-magnetize-solids-within-attoseconds/


https://anewtonsapple.blogspot.com/

Friday, May 5, 2023

Time crystals can make molecular-size quantum neural networks possible.


Can perpetual motion be possible at the quantum level? If that thing is possible, it can revolutionize quantum computing. 


Quantum-level perpetual motion in wobbling time crystals is an interesting phenomenon. The idea is that the atoms in wobbling time crystals recycle energy in the system. The system base is in electricity that pushes and pulls the line of the ultra-cold atoms. Because time crystal is superconducting there should not be loss of power. And if the system can recycle all energy that thing makes it a perpetual motion machine. 

When atoms inside the time crystal touch the shell. Energy travels to another side of the time crystal. So the idea is that the electricity travels to the other side of the time crystal than those wobbling atoms. And that electricity pulls those atoms to another side of the time crystal. Or otherwise, repelling electric pole travels to another side of the time crystal. 



So why the quantum perpetual motion machines are interesting? 


If we think that those wobbling atoms are so-called Rydberg atoms. That makes it possible to use those time crystals as extremely small-size quantum computers. Rydberg states make it possible to create quantum entanglements between electrons that orbit the same atom. And that thing makes it possible to create quantum-size quantum computers. 

In those systems, excitons can transport information to the Rydberg-atoms. At first one of the wobbling atoms in time crystal will ionize. And the system removes one of its electrons. Then outside the time crystal system transforms one electron into a qubit. And after that, that electron will transport information to an ion in a time crystal. That thing happens by using the exciton fission. That qubit electron turns the ionized atom into the neutral atom. Then that time crystal can start to act like a quantum calculation unit. 





The time crystals also can form a network of quantum systems. Above is the image of the convolutional neural network system. The system can put time crystals in series, and then those Rydberg atoms can make entanglements between each other. 

Researchers know how to make mass memories that use superconducting technology. The problem is that the information stands still in those traditional mass memories. The wobbling time crystals allow the creation of quantum USB memories that can process data like traditional USB can store it. If the person has a quantum-computer USB that can operate independently. Data can download into that system. And then that system can operate independently. When the operator needs that data, that quantum computer can reconnect to the system. 


The problem is how to deny the outside information affects the internal process of those time crystal-quantum computers. The AI-based system can transmit information to quantum computers. Then the operator can leave the system alone and get the answer. 


That thing makes it possible to calculate extremely long series without reserving the operator's time. So the operator can use time crystal as the intelligent USB stick. The operator can drive the formula in the system. And then the operator can turn to work with other things until the work is done. The time crystals allow to make multiple single-use quantum computers. But the problem is how to protect information inside the system. 

If the system can recycle energy inside it, it denies the effect of outside energy from the system. And that minimizes turbulence. If the system can recycle all energy inside it. That allows the system to protect information better. And the same way if the system can recycle information that makes it possible to create new answers and connections between data lines. 

 In quantum computers, ER=EPR is a problematic thing. Originally, that equation connected with wormhole theory. We can think that the wormhole is the place, where information can travel in the form, and no outside effect can disturb that information. So we can think that the time crystal is a very slow wormhole. If no outside effect can affect the information in the box, that thing means that time is stopped in the box. And that box acts like a wormhole that transports information in time. 

The ER=EPR could mean all information that travels from point A to point B. Those points can be in space, or they can be in time. The ER=EPR means that a system like the human brain forgets things. 

The reason for that is at the first system get's information in the form of ER. Then the problem is that systems handle information in cycles. And between those cycles is possible. That the outcoming effect "P" will disturb information. So the problem is how to deny outside information artifact (non-controlled)-effect affect the process inside the system. 

If the system can keep the outside artifact effect out from those quantum systems, that opens a bright future for computing. The operator can just give the mission to the quantum systems and then leave the system to make its mission. And then maybe after a couple of days, the operator can look at the solution. 

https://www.quantamagazine.org/first-time-crystal-built-using-googles-quantum-computer-20210730/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolution

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_crystal

Wednesday, May 3, 2023

Neutral atom quantum computing is a new technology that can make new quantum computers possible.

Neutral atoms are less sensitive to electromagnetic fields than some ions. So electromagnetic fields don't affect the neutral atom's positions as much as they affect the ion's positions. And that thing brings room-temperature operating quantum computers closer than before. The use of neutral atoms to make quantum entanglements might happen by flashing them with laser rays. 

That laser ray would electromagnetic shadow on the other side of the atoms. And then there is the possibility that electrons from electron shells can be locked in the line. When a laser ray stresses that atom. Those electrons act like an antenna that sends information in the wanted direction. 




"QuEra Computing, creator of the world’s first neutral-atom quantum computer named Aquila, in collaboration with researchers from Harvard and Innsbruck Universities, has revealed a novel method for performing a broader range of optimization calculations on neutral-atom machines. The findings overcome the native connectivity limitations of the qubits in Rydberg atom arrays, enabling them to solve more complex optimization problems, including maximum independent sets on graphs with arbitrary connectivity and quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems". (ScitechDaily.com/Encoding Breakthrough Unlocks New Potential in Neutral-Atom Quantum Computing)

"The additional functionality opens up applications in industries like logistics and pharmaceuticals, aiding in efficient logistics scheduling and optimized protein design, which can expedite drug development and potentially increase revenue for pharmaceutical companies". (ScitechDaily.com/Encoding Breakthrough Unlocks New Potential in Neutral-Atom Quantum Computing)

All atoms can turn to Rydberg atoms. And in most futuristic quantum computers electrons form superposition and entanglements in Rydberg atoms. So, Rydberg atoms can act as atom-size quantum computers. And if the iron atoms that hang in the graphene net will turn to Rydberg atoms, acting as atom-size quantum computers that thing allows to create multi-state quantum computers that are more powerful than ever before. 

In that complicated model, electrons form quantum entanglements inside atoms. But superpositions and entanglements also form between atoms acting as quantum entanglements. Same way electromagnetic fields around atoms can form independent quantum states. And that kind of quantum system can have billions of states. 


The smallest possible quantum computers are smaller than protons or neutrons. In those theoretical models. The system puts quarks inside protons and neutrons for superposition and entanglement. 


The hypothetical "iron star" can act as a model of the solid quantum state computer. In that model, the system puts iron atoms in the same way in structure. In that structure, the iron atom's north pole is against other iron atoms' south pole. And the system makes that thing by using magnetic fields.

In that model, the iron atoms form chains in extremely low temperatures and a strong magnetic field. Then the electromagnetic rays will send information to that iron layer. There is the possibility that the iron atoms will lock in the graphene net. And laser rays will lock their electrons in the same direction. The graphene net will also send data to the transmitting side of those iron atoms. The data can put to jump back and forth between those graphene-iron layers. 

When data is transferred from sender to receiver the system stores the information. Then the receiving side of the quantum entanglement will turn to the transmitting side. And the system can make that thing by changing the higher energy side on the quantum entanglement. Information always flows from the higher energy side to the lower energy side. And chancing the higher energy side in quantum entanglement is possible to adjust the information flow's direction in the system. 


https://scitechdaily.com/encoding-breakthrough-unlocks-new-potential-in-neutral-atom-quantum-computing/


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_star


The ability to freeze light makes optical computers closer to reality.

"Intense laser pulse focused on a solid target drives inhomogeneous plasma dynamics, affecting the spatio-temporal profile of the refle...