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The pulse-detonation scramjet engines can make the new type of hypersonic flight possible.



There are two versions of the pulse-detonation wave engines. The first one is the flap scramjet. 


That engine is the modified version of the flap jet engine. During WW2, Germans used that engine in a V-1 cruise missile. The flap scramjet is the scramjet engine that has a flap system. When the speed is too slow for ignition of the scramjet engine the system injects an oxygen fuel mixture into that engine. 

And that engine uses regular rocket mode until the aircraft is about Mach-6-7 when operators open the air intakes. Then the system can start to use air from the atmosphere. That thing makes the system very powerful and multi-use. 


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The pistol shrimp has given an idea for PDWS systems. 


The idea of the Pulse-Detonation Wave System ( PDWS) is coming from the pistol shrimp. That small shrimp can create a low-pressure bubble in water. 

The temperature in that bubble rises to 5000 kelvins. And that thing causes a very strong sound. If an engine system can create a similar bubble in the rocket- or jet engine that thing can create pulses, that thing can increase the thrust of the engine for a short time. The simultaneously created bubbles can make the system give those punches or power impulses in series. 




The way how pistol shrimps can make those bubbles can model to nanomachines. And that thing can make it possible to create engines that use mechanical systems like fast-moving scissors, fast-moving membranes, or electric arcs to create engine systems that can operate without combustion. 

In some versions, the system can make the bubble by pulling the piston in a closed chamber that is filled with water backward. And then more water will inject into that chamber. The low pressure makes water vaporize. And then the injected water increases pressure. So this kind of system can make it possible to create flying machines or high-speed underwater systems that will need no propellers or combustion in their reaction engines. 


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The main problem with hypersonic engines is that they are straight tubes. If the firefront moves too far away from the combustion chamber that will decrease the thrust. The system can eliminate that effect by creating a bubble in the exhaust tube. 

But there is another way to think about hypersonic engines. And one version of how to increase the thrust of the system is to put bubbles in the exhaust tube. That thing makes it possible to create a situation where the system can punch against the bubble. That bubble increases the force that punches forward of the engine.


In ion engines, the magnetic stick has the same polarity as the flowing ions that can make that kind of bubble. The idea is that the system can create the bubble or the front in an ion engine. That system will increase the thrust of that system. 


https://ourmarinespecies.com/c-shrimp/pistol-shrimps/


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavitation


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramjet


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramjet


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-1_flying_bomb


https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/


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